fix: reuse message ticks across mailboxes

fix: support mixed wall and game clock servers
fix: complete logical clock wall-time isolation
2026-08-04 20:37:56 +09:00 · 2026-08-04 20:37:56 +09:00 · 2026-08-04 20:37:56 +09:00 · 2026-08-04 20:37:56 +09:00 · 2026-08-04 01:55:13 +00:00 · 2026-07-31 05:06:38 +00:00
119 changed files with 2744 additions and 790 deletions
@@ -13,6 +13,9 @@ $db = DB::db();
 $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
 [$turntime, $tnmt_time] = $gameStor->getValuesAsArray(['turntime','tnmt_time']);
 $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
 $turntimeDisplay = $clock->formatTick(Util::toInt($turntime), true);
 $tnmtTimeDisplay = $tnmt_time === null ? '-' : $clock->formatTick(Util::toInt($tnmt_time), true);
 $plock = $db->queryFirstField('SELECT plock FROM plock WHERE `type` ="GAME"');
 ?>
@@ -30,8 +33,8 @@ $plock = $db->queryFirstField('SELECT plock FROM plock WHERE `type` ="GAME"');
 </head>
 <body>
    <form action=_119_b.php method=post>
-    시간조정 : <input type=text size=3 name=minute><input type=submit name=btn value='분당김'><input type=submit name=btn value='분지연'> 최종갱신 : <?=$turntime?><br>
+    시간조정 : <input type=text size=3 name=minute><input type=submit name=btn value='분당김'><input type=submit name=btn value='분지연'> 최종갱신 : <?=$turntimeDisplay?> (tick <?=$turntime?>)<br>
-    시간조정 : <input type=text size=3 name=minute2><input type=submit name=btn value='토너분당김'><input type=submit name=btn value='토너분지연'> 토너먼트 : <?=$tnmt_time?><br>
+    시간조정 : <input type=text size=3 name=minute2><input type=submit name=btn value='토너분당김'><input type=submit name=btn value='토너분지연'> 토너먼트 : <?=$tnmtTimeDisplay?> (tick <?=$tnmt_time?>)<br>
    봉급지급 : <input type=submit name=btn value='금지급'><input type=submit name=btn value='쌀지급'><br>
    락 풀 기 : <input type=submit name=btn value='락걸기'><input type=submit name=btn value='락풀기'> 현재 : <?=$plock>0?"동결중":"가동중"?><br>
    </form>
@@ -38,21 +38,9 @@ switch ($btn) {
            usleep(500000);
        }
-        $gameStor->cacheValues(['turntime', 'starttime', 'tnmt_time']);
+        $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
-        $turntime = (new \DateTimeImmutable($gameStor->turntime))->sub(new \DateInterval("PT{$minute}M"));
+        // 스케줄 전체를 벽시계에서 빼지 않고 논리 현재 tick만 앞으로 이동합니다.
-        $starttime = (new \DateTimeImmutable($gameStor->starttime))->sub(new \DateInterval("PT{$minute}M"));
+        $clock->advance($gameStor, $clock->ticksFromMinutes($minute));
        $tnmt_time = (new \DateTimeImmutable($gameStor->tnmt_time))->sub(new \DateInterval("PT{$minute}M"));
        $gameStor->turntime = $turntime->format('Y-m-d H:i:s.u');
        $gameStor->starttime = $starttime->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');
        $gameStor->tnmt_time = $tnmt_time->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');
        $db->update('general', [
            'turntime' => $db->sqleval('DATE_SUB(turntime, INTERVAL %i MINUTE)', $minute)
        ], true);
        $db->update('ng_auction', [
            'close_date' => $db->sqleval('DATE_SUB(close_date, INTERVAL %i MINUTE)', $minute)
        ], 'finished = 0');
        if ($locked) {
            unlock();
        }
@@ -66,34 +54,19 @@ switch ($btn) {
            }
            usleep(500000);
        }
-        $gameStor->cacheValues(['turntime', 'starttime', 'tnmt_time']);
+        $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
-        $turntime = (new \DateTimeImmutable($gameStor->turntime))->add(new \DateInterval("PT{$minute}M"));
+        $clock->advance($gameStor, -$clock->ticksFromMinutes($minute));
        $starttime = (new \DateTimeImmutable($gameStor->starttime))->add(new \DateInterval("PT{$minute}M"));
        $tnmt_time = (new \DateTimeImmutable($gameStor->tnmt_time))->add(new \DateInterval("PT{$minute}M"));
        $gameStor->turntime = $turntime->format('Y-m-d H:i:s.u');
        $gameStor->starttime = $starttime->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');
        $gameStor->tnmt_time = $tnmt_time->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');
        $db->update('general', [
            'turntime' => $db->sqleval('DATE_ADD(turntime, INTERVAL %i MINUTE)', $minute)
        ], true);
        $db->update('ng_auction', [
            'close_date' => $db->sqleval('DATE_ADD(close_date, INTERVAL %i MINUTE)', $minute)
        ], 'finished = 0');
        if ($locked) {
            unlock();
        }
        break;
    case "토너분당김":
-        $tnmt_time = new \DateTime($gameStor->tnmt_time);
+        $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
-        $tnmt_time->sub(new \DateInterval("PT{$minute2}M"));
+        $gameStor->tnmt_time = Util::toInt($gameStor->tnmt_time) - $clock->ticksFromMinutes($minute2);
        $gameStor->tnmt_time = $tnmt_time->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');
        break;
    case "토너분지연":
-        $tnmt_time = new \DateTimeImmutable($gameStor->tnmt_time);
+        $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
-        $tnmt_time->add(new \DateInterval("PT{$minute2}M"));
+        $gameStor->tnmt_time = Util::toInt($gameStor->tnmt_time) + $clock->ticksFromMinutes($minute2);
        $gameStor->tnmt_time = $tnmt_time->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');
        break;
    case "금지급":
        processGoldIncome();
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ $admin = getAdmin();
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td width=110 align=right>시작시간변경</td>
-        <td width=285><input type=text size=20 maxlength=20 style=color:white;background-color:black;text-align:right; name=starttime value='<?=substr($admin['starttime'], 0, 19)?>'><input type=submit name=btn value=변경1></td>
+        <td width=285><input type=text size=20 maxlength=20 style=color:white;background-color:black;text-align:right; name=starttime value='<?=substr($admin['starttime_display'], 0, 19)?>'><input type=submit name=btn value=변경1></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td width=110 align=right>최대 장수</td>
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ $admin = getAdmin();
        <td width=110 align=right>시작 년도</td>
        <td width=285><input type=text size=3 maxlength=3 style=color:white;background-color:black;text-align:right; name=startyear value='<?=$admin['startyear']?>'><input type=submit name=btn value=변경4></td>
        <td width=110 align=right>최근 갱신 시간</td>
-        <td width=285>&nbsp;<?=$admin['turntime']?></td>
+        <td width=285>&nbsp;<?=$admin['turntime_display']?> (tick <?=$admin['turntime']?>)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td width=110 align=right>턴시간</td>
@@ -25,13 +25,15 @@ if (!$v->validate()) {
 $msg = Util::getPost('msg');
 $btn = Util::getPost('btn');
 $log = Util::getPost('log');
-$starttime = Util::getPost('starttime', 'string', (new \DateTime())->format('Y-m-d H:i:s'));
+$starttime = Util::getPost('starttime', 'string', null);
 $maxgeneral = Util::getPost('maxgeneral', 'int', GameConst::$defaultMaxGeneral);
 $maxnation = Util::getPost('maxnation', 'int', GameConst::$defaultMaxNation);
 $startyear = Util::getPost('startyear', 'int', GameConst::$defaultStartYear);
 $db = DB::db();
 $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
 $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
 $starttime ??= $clock->formatTick($clock->nowTick());
 $admin = getAdmin();
@@ -43,7 +45,11 @@ switch ($btn) {
        pushGlobalHistoryLog(["<R>★</><S>{$log}</>"]);
        break;
    case "변경1":
-        $gameStor->starttime = (new \DateTime($starttime))->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');
+        $gameStor->clock_base_time = TimeUtil::format(GameClock::baseTimeForProjection(
            new \DateTimeImmutable($starttime),
            Util::toInt($gameStor->starttime),
            $clock->getTurnTermMinutes(),
        ), true);
        break;
    case "변경2":
        $gameStor->maxgeneral = $maxgeneral;
@@ -78,4 +84,4 @@ switch ($btn) {
        break;
 }
-header('location:_admin1.php');
+header('location:_admin1.php');
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ switch ($btn) {
        ], '`no` IN %li', $genlist);
        break;
    case "강제 사망":
-        $date = TimeUtil::now(true);
+        $date = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor)->nowTick();
        $db->update('general', [
            'killturn' => 0,
            'turntime' => $date,
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ switch ($btn) {
    case "경험치1000":
        $text = $btn . " 지급!";
        foreach ($genlist as $generalID) {
-            $msg = new Message(MessageType::private, $src, MessageTarget::buildQuick($generalID), $text, new \DateTime(), new \DateTime('9999-12-31'), []);
+            $msg = new Message(MessageType::private, $src, MessageTarget::buildQuick($generalID), $text, Message::gameNow(), new \DateTime('9999-12-31'), []);
            $msg->send(true);
        }
        $db->update('general', [
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ switch ($btn) {
    case "공헌치1000":
        $text = $btn . " 지급!";
        foreach ($genlist as $generalID) {
-            $msg = new Message(MessageType::private, $src, MessageTarget::buildQuick($generalID), $text, new \DateTime(), new \DateTime('9999-12-31'), []);
+            $msg = new Message(MessageType::private, $src, MessageTarget::buildQuick($generalID), $text, Message::gameNow(), new \DateTime('9999-12-31'), []);
            $msg->send(true);
        }
        $db->update('general', [
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ switch ($btn) {
    case "보숙10000":
        $text = "보병숙련도+10000 지급!";
        foreach ($genlist as $generalID) {
-            $msg = new Message(MessageType::private, $src, MessageTarget::buildQuick($generalID), $text, new \DateTime(), new \DateTime('9999-12-31'), []);
+            $msg = new Message(MessageType::private, $src, MessageTarget::buildQuick($generalID), $text, Message::gameNow(), new \DateTime('9999-12-31'), []);
            $msg->send(true);
        }
        $db->update('general', [
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ switch ($btn) {
    case "궁숙10000":
        $text = "궁병숙련도+10000 지급!";
        foreach ($genlist as $generalID) {
-            $msg = new Message(MessageType::private, $src, MessageTarget::buildQuick($generalID), $text, new \DateTime(), new \DateTime('9999-12-31'), []);
+            $msg = new Message(MessageType::private, $src, MessageTarget::buildQuick($generalID), $text, Message::gameNow(), new \DateTime('9999-12-31'), []);
            $msg->send(true);
        }
        $db->update('general', [
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ switch ($btn) {
        $src = MessageTarget::buildQuick($session->generalID);
        $text = "기병숙련도+10000 지급!";
        foreach ($genlist as $generalID) {
-            $msg = new Message(MessageType::private, $src, MessageTarget::buildQuick($generalID), $text, new \DateTime(), new \DateTime('9999-12-31'), []);
+            $msg = new Message(MessageType::private, $src, MessageTarget::buildQuick($generalID), $text, Message::gameNow(), new \DateTime('9999-12-31'), []);
            $msg->send(true);
        }
        $db->update('general', [
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ switch ($btn) {
        $src = MessageTarget::buildQuick($session->generalID);
        $text = "귀병숙련도+10000 지급!";
        foreach ($genlist as $generalID) {
-            $msg = new Message(MessageType::private, $src, MessageTarget::buildQuick($generalID), $text, new \DateTime(), new \DateTime('9999-12-31'), []);
+            $msg = new Message(MessageType::private, $src, MessageTarget::buildQuick($generalID), $text, Message::gameNow(), new \DateTime('9999-12-31'), []);
            $msg->send(true);
        }
        $db->update('general', [
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ switch ($btn) {
        $src = MessageTarget::buildQuick($session->generalID);
        $text = "차병숙련도+10000 지급!";
        foreach ($genlist as $generalID) {
-            $msg = new Message(MessageType::private, $src, MessageTarget::buildQuick($generalID), $text, new \DateTime(), new \DateTime('9999-12-31'), []);
+            $msg = new Message(MessageType::private, $src, MessageTarget::buildQuick($generalID), $text, Message::gameNow(), new \DateTime('9999-12-31'), []);
            $msg->send(true);
        }
        $db->update('general', [
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ switch ($btn) {
    case "메세지 전달":
        $text = $msg ?? '';
        foreach ($genlist as $generalID) {
-            $msg = new Message(MessageType::private, $src, MessageTarget::buildQuick($generalID), $text, new \DateTime(), new \DateTime('9999-12-31'), []);
+            $msg = new Message(MessageType::private, $src, MessageTarget::buildQuick($generalID), $text, Message::gameNow(), new \DateTime('9999-12-31'), []);
            $msg->send(true);
        }
        break;
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ if ($session->userGrade < 6) {
 }
 $db = DB::db();
 $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'));
 if ($btn == '정렬하기') {
    $gen = 0;
@@ -111,7 +112,7 @@ $generalObj = General::createObjFromDB($gen, null, GeneralQueryMode::FullWithAcc
                    대상장수 :
                    <select name=gen size=1>
                        <?php foreach ($generalBasicList as $general) : ?>
-                            <option <?= $gen == $general['no'] ? 'selected' : '' ?> value='<?= $general['no'] ?>'><?= $general['name'] ?> (<?= substr($general['turntime'], 14, 5) ?>)</option>
+                            <option <?= $gen == $general['no'] ? 'selected' : '' ?> value='<?= $general['no'] ?>'><?= $general['name'] ?> (<?= substr($clock->formatTick(Util::toInt($general['turntime'])), 14, 5) ?>)</option>
                        <?php endforeach; ?>
                    </select>
                    <input type=submit name=btn value='조회하기'>
@@ -179,4 +180,4 @@ $generalObj = General::createObjFromDB($gen, null, GeneralQueryMode::FullWithAcc
    </table>
 </body>
-</html>
+</html>
@@ -100,8 +100,6 @@ $sel[$type] = "selected";
                    throw new \Exception("알 수 없는 외교 상태: {$dip['state']}");
            }
            $date = TimeUtil::now();
            echo "
    <tr>
        <td align=center style=color:" . newColor($nationColor[$me]) . ";background-color:{$nationColor[$me]};>$nationName[$me]</td>
@@ -122,4 +120,4 @@ $sel[$type] = "selected";
    </table>
 </body>
-</html>
+</html>
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ include "func.php";
 $db = DB::db();
 $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
 $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
 increaseRefresh("갱신정보", 1);
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ $recentTraffic[] = [
    'month'   => $admin['month'],
    'refresh' => $admin['refresh'],
    'online'  => $curonline,
-    'date' => TimeUtil::now()
+    'date' => $clock->formatNow()
 ];
 if ($admin['maxrefresh'] == 0) {
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ $db = DB::db();
 $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
 increaseRefresh("현재도시", 1);
-$lastExecute = substr($gameStor->turntime, 5, 14);
+$lastExecute = substr(GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor)->formatTick(Util::toInt($gameStor->turntime)), 5, 14);
 $me = $db->queryFirstRow('SELECT no,nation,officer_level,city from general where owner=%i', $userID);
 $myNation = $db->queryFirstRow('SELECT nation,level,spy FROM nation WHERE nation=%i', $me['nation']) ?? [
@@ -537,4 +537,4 @@ $templates = new \League\Plates\Engine('templates');
                            </table>
 </body>
-</html>
+</html>
@@ -129,6 +129,7 @@ $templates = new \League\Plates\Engine('templates');
    );
    $generalTurnList = [];
    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
    foreach ($db->queryAllLists(
        'SELECT general_id, turn_idx, brief FROM general_turn WHERE general_id IN %li AND turn_idx < 5 ORDER BY general_id ASC, turn_idx ASC',
@@ -142,6 +143,7 @@ $templates = new \League\Plates\Engine('templates');
    $genCntEff = 0;
    foreach ($generals as &$general) {
        $general['turntime'] = $clock->formatTick(Util::toInt($general['turntime']), true);
        $general['cityText'] = CityConst::byID($general['city'])->name;
        $general['troopText'] = $troopName[$general['troop']] ?? '-';
@@ -284,4 +286,4 @@ $templates = new \League\Plates\Engine('templates');
    </table>
 </body>
-</html>
+</html>
@@ -19,8 +19,10 @@ $userID = Session::getUserID();
 $generalID = $session->generalID;
 $db = DB::db();
-$gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
+$gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
-$gameStor->cacheValues(['turntime', 'opentime', 'autorun_user', 'npcmode']);
+$gameStor->cacheValues(['turntime', 'opentime', 'autorun_user', 'npcmode']);
 $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
 $nowTick = $clock->nowTick();
 $me = General::createObjFromDB($generalID, null, GeneralQueryMode::FullWithAccessLog);
@@ -40,27 +42,29 @@ $lastRefresh = $db->queryFirstField(
 );
 $nextChange = $me->getAuxVar('next_change');
-if (!is_string($nextChange) || $nextChange === '') {
+if (!is_int($nextChange)) {
    $nextChange = null;
 }
 $nextChangeDisplay = $nextChange === null ? null : $clock->formatTick($nextChange);
 increaseRefresh("내정보", 1);
 if ($gameStor->turntime <= $gameStor->opentime) {
    $targetTime = $me->getAuxVar('prestart_delete_after');
-    if (!is_string($targetTime) || $targetTime === '') {
+    if (!is_int($targetTime)) {
        $targetTime = addTurn(
-            $lastRefresh ?: TimeUtil::now(),
+            $lastRefresh === null ? $nowTick : Util::toInt($lastRefresh),
            $gameStor->turnterm,
            GameConst::$minTurnDieOnPrestart
        );
        $me->setAuxVar('prestart_delete_after', $targetTime);
        $me->applyDB($db);
    }
    $targetTimeDisplay = $clock->formatTick($targetTime);
    //서버 가오픈시 할 수 있는 행동
    if ($me->getNPCType() == 0 && $me->getNationID() == 0) {
        $showDieOnPrestartBtn = true;
-        if ($targetTime <= TimeUtil::now()) {
+        if ($targetTime <= $nowTick) {
            $availableDieOnPrestart = true;
        }
    }
@@ -173,7 +177,7 @@ $changeDefence999Atmos = $me->onCalcDomestic('changeDefenceTrain', "atmos999", $
            <a href="b_myPage.php?detachNPC=1"><button type="button" style=background-color:<?= GameConst::$basecolor2 ?>;color:white;width:160px;height:30px;font-size:14px;>빙의 해체 요청</button></a>-->
                        <?php if ($showDieOnPrestartBtn) : ?>
-                            가오픈 기간 내 장수 삭제 (<?= substr($targetTime, 0, 19) ?> 부터)<br>
+                            가오픈 기간 내 장수 삭제 (<?= $targetTimeDisplay ?> 부터)<br>
                            <button type="button" id='dieOnPrestart' style=background-color:<?= GameConst::$basecolor2 ?>;color:white;width:160px;height:30px;font-size:14px;>장수 삭제</button><br><br>
                        <?php endif; ?>
@@ -188,7 +192,7 @@ $changeDefence999Atmos = $me->onCalcDomestic('changeDefenceTrain', "atmos999", $
                        <?php endif; ?>
                        <?php if ($gameStor->npcmode == 2 && $me->getNPCType() == 0) : ?>
-                            다른 장수 선택 (<?= $nextChange ? substr($nextChange, 0, 19) : '지금' ?>부터)<br>
+                            다른 장수 선택 (<?= $nextChangeDisplay ?? '지금' ?>부터)<br>
                            <a href="select_general_from_pool.php" id='select_general_from_pool'><button type="button" style=background-color:<?= GameConst::$basecolor2 ?>;color:white;width:160px;height:30px;font-size:14px;>다른 장수 선택</button></a><br><br>
                        <?php endif; ?>
@@ -228,10 +228,10 @@ if($btn == "자동개최설정") {
    $phase = 0;
    startBetting($admin['tnmt_type'], 720);
 } elseif($btn == "베팅마감") {
-    $dt = date("Y-m-d H:i:s", time() + 60);
+    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
    $gameStor->tournament=7;
    $gameStor->phase=0;
-    $gameStor->tnmt_time = $dt;
+    $gameStor->tnmt_time = $clock->nowTick() + $clock->ticksFromSeconds(60);
 } elseif($btn == "16강") {
    finalFight($admin['tnmt_type'], $admin['tournament'], $admin['phase'], 16);
 } elseif($btn == "8강") {
@@ -248,4 +248,4 @@ if($btn == "자동개최설정") {
    $gameStor->tnmt_msg = $msg;
 }
-header('location:b_tournament.php');
+header('location:b_tournament.php');
@@ -630,7 +630,11 @@ function generalInfo(General $generalObj)
        $injury = "건강";
    }
-    $remaining = (new \DateTimeImmutable($generalObj->getTurnTime()))->diff(new \DateTimeImmutable())->i;
+    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage(DB::db(), 'game_env'));
    $remaining = max(0, intdiv(
        $generalObj->getTurnTick() - $clock->nowTick(),
        $clock->ticksFromMinutes(1),
    ));
    if ($nation['color'] == "") {
        $nation['color'] = "#000000";
@@ -921,45 +925,37 @@ function banner()
    );
 }
-function addTurn($date, int $turnterm, int $turn = 1, bool $withFraction = true)
+function addTurn(int $tick, int $turnterm, int $turn = 1, bool $withFraction = true): int
-{
+{
-    $date = new \DateTime($date);
+    return $tick + GameClock::TICKS_PER_TURN * $turn;
-    $target = $turnterm * $turn;
+}
-    $date->add(new \DateInterval("PT{$target}M"));
+
-    if ($withFraction) {
+function subTurn(int $tick, int $turnterm, int $turn = 1, bool $withFraction = true): int
-        return $date->format('Y-m-d H:i:s.u');
+{
-    }
+    return $tick - GameClock::TICKS_PER_TURN * $turn;
-    return $date->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');
+}
-}
+
-
+function cutTurn(int $tick, int $turnterm, bool $withFraction = true): int
-function subTurn($date, int $turnterm, int $turn = 1, bool $withFraction = true)
+{
-{
+    $remainder = $tick % GameClock::TICKS_PER_TURN;
-    $date = new \DateTime($date);
+    if ($remainder < 0) {
-    $target = $turnterm * $turn;
+        $remainder += GameClock::TICKS_PER_TURN;
-    $date->sub(new \DateInterval("PT{$target}M"));
+    }
-    if ($withFraction) {
+    return $tick - $remainder;
-        return $date->format('Y-m-d H:i:s.u');
+}
-    }
+
-    return $date->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');
+/** 시나리오 초기화 입력인 벽시계를 기존 01:00 기준 월 경계로 정렬합니다. */
-}
+function cutTurnDateTime(string $date, int $turnterm, bool $withFraction = true): string
-
+{
-function cutTurn($date, int $turnterm, bool $withFraction = true)
+    $dateObj = new \DateTime($date);
-{
+    $baseDate = new \DateTime($dateObj->format('Y-m-d'));
-    $date = new \DateTime($date);
+    $baseDate->sub(new \DateInterval('P1D'));
-
+    $baseDate->add(new \DateInterval('PT1H'));
-    $baseDate = new \DateTime($date->format('Y-m-d'));
+    $diffMin = intdiv($dateObj->getTimestamp() - $baseDate->getTimestamp(), 60);
-    $baseDate->sub(new \DateInterval("P1D"));
+    $diffMin -= $diffMin % $turnterm;
-    $baseDate->add(new \DateInterval("PT1H"));
+    $baseDate->add(new \DateInterval("PT{$diffMin}M"));
-
+    return $baseDate->format($withFraction ? 'Y-m-d H:i:s.u' : 'Y-m-d H:i:s');
-    $diffMin = intdiv($date->getTimeStamp() - $baseDate->getTimeStamp(), 60);
+}
    $diffMin -= $diffMin % $turnterm;
    $baseDate->add(new \DateInterval("PT{$diffMin}M"));
    if ($withFraction) {
        return $baseDate->format('Y-m-d H:i:s.u');
    }
    return $baseDate->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');
 }
 function cutDay($date, int $turnterm, bool $withFraction = true)
 {
@@ -1001,11 +997,9 @@ function increaseRefresh($type = "", $cnt = 1)
    $generalID = $session->generalID;
    $userGrade = $session->userGrade;
-    $dateObj = new \DateTimeImmutable();
+    $db = DB::db();
-    $date = TimeUtil::format($dateObj, false);
+    $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
-
+    $date = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor)->nowTick();
    $db = DB::db();
    $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
    $isunited = $gameStor->isunited;
    $opentime = $gameStor->opentime;
@@ -1088,12 +1082,12 @@ function updateTraffic()
    if(count($recentTraffic) >= 5){
        array_shift($recentTraffic);
    }
-    $recentTraffic[] = [
+    $recentTraffic[] = [
        'year'=>$admin['year'],
        'month' => $admin['month'],
        'refresh' => $admin['refresh'],
        'online' => $online,
-        'date' => TimeUtil::now(),
+        'date' => GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor)->formatNow(),
    ];
    $gameStor->recentTraffic = $recentTraffic;
@@ -1145,18 +1139,19 @@ function unlock(): bool
    return $db->affectedRows() > 0;
 }
-function timeover(): bool
+function timeover(): bool
 {
    $db = DB::db();
    $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
-    list($turnterm, $turntime) = $gameStor->getValuesAsArray(['turnterm', 'turntime']);
+    list($turnterm, $turntime) = $gameStor->getValuesAsArray(['turnterm', 'turntime']);
-    $diff = (new \DateTime())->getTimestamp() - (new \DateTime($turntime))->getTimestamp();
+    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
    $diff = $clock->nowTick() - Util::toInt($turntime);
    $t = min($turnterm, 5);
-    $term = $diff;
+    $term = $clock->ticksFromSeconds($t);
-    if ($term >= $t || $term < 0) {
+    if ($diff >= $term || $diff < 0) {
        return true;
    } else {
        return false;
@@ -1169,9 +1164,8 @@ function checkDelay()
    $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
    //서버정보
-    $now = new \DateTimeImmutable();
+    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
-    $turntime = new \DateTimeImmutable($gameStor->turntime);
+    $timeMinDiff = intdiv($clock->nowTick() - Util::toInt($gameStor->turntime), $clock->ticksFromMinutes(1));
    $timeMinDiff = intdiv($now->getTimestamp() - $turntime->getTimestamp(), 60);
    // 1턴이상 갱신 없었으면 서버 지연
    $term = $gameStor->turnterm;
@@ -1185,20 +1179,17 @@ function checkDelay()
    //지연 해야할 밀린 턴 횟수
    $iter = intdiv($timeMinDiff, $term);
    if ($iter > $threshold) {
-        $minute = $iter * $term;
+        $minute = $iter * $term;
-        $newTurntime = $turntime->add(new \DateInterval("PT{$minute}M"));
+        $delayTick = $clock->ticksFromMinutes($minute);
-        $newNextTurntime = $turntime->add(new \DateInterval("PT{$term}M"));
+        $gameStor->turntime = Util::toInt($gameStor->turntime) + $delayTick;
-        $gameStor->turntime = $newTurntime->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');
+        $gameStor->starttime = Util::toInt($gameStor->starttime) + $delayTick;
-        $gameStor->starttime = (new \DateTimeImmutable($gameStor->starttime))
+
-            ->add(new \DateInterval("PT{$minute}M"))
+        $db->update('general', [
-            ->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');
+            'turntime' => $db->sqleval('turntime + %i', $delayTick)
-
+        ], true);
-        $db->update('general', [
+        $db->update('ng_auction', [
-            'turntime' => $db->sqleval('DATE_ADD(turntime, INTERVAL %i MINUTE)', $minute)
+            'close_tick' => $db->sqleval('close_tick + %i', $delayTick)
-        ], 'turntime<=DATE_ADD(turntime, INTERVAL %i MINUTE)', $term);
+        ], 'finished = 0');
        $db->update('ng_auction', [
            'close_date' => $db->sqleval('DATE_ADD(close_date, INTERVAL %i MINUTE)', $minute)
        ], 'finished = 0');
    }
 }
@@ -1247,17 +1238,15 @@ function updateOnline()
    $gameStor->online_nation = join(', ', $onlineNation);
 }
-function turnDate($curtime)
+function turnDate($curtime)
 {
    $db = DB::db();
    $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
    $admin = $gameStor->getValues(['startyear', 'starttime', 'turnterm', 'year', 'month']);
    $turn = $admin['starttime'];
-    $curturn = cutTurn($curtime, $admin['turnterm']);
+    $curturn = cutTurn(Util::toInt($curtime), $admin['turnterm']);
-    $term = $admin['turnterm'];
+    $num = intdiv($curturn - Util::toInt($turn), GameClock::TICKS_PER_TURN);
    $num = intdiv((strtotime($curturn) - strtotime($turn)), $term * 60);
    $date = $admin['startyear'] * 12;
    $date += $num;
@@ -1387,12 +1376,14 @@ function CheckHall($no)
        return;
    }
-    $unitedDate = TimeUtil::now();
+    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
    $unitedDate = $clock->formatTick($clock->nowTick());
    $nation = $generalObj->getStaticNation();
    $serverCnt = $db->queryFirstField('SELECT count(*) FROM ng_games');
-    [$scenarioIdx, $scenarioName, $startTime] = $gameStor->getValuesAsArray(['scenario', 'scenario_text', 'starttime']);
+    [$scenarioIdx, $scenarioName, $startTick] = $gameStor->getValuesAsArray(['scenario', 'scenario_text', 'starttime']);
    $startTime = $clock->formatTick(Util::toInt($startTick));
    $ownerName = $generalObj->getVar('owner_name');
    if ($generalObj->getVar('owner')) {
@@ -1705,12 +1696,21 @@ function tryUniqueItemLottery(RandUtil $rng, General $general, string $acquireTy
    return giveRandomUniqueItem($rng, $general, $acquireType);
 }
-function getAdmin()
+function getAdmin()
-{
+{
-    $db = DB::db();
+    $db = DB::db();
-    $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
+    $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
-    return $gameStor->getAll();
+    $admin = $gameStor->getAll();
-}
+    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
    foreach (['turntime', 'starttime', 'opentime', 'tnmt_time'] as $key) {
        if (($admin[$key] ?? null) !== null) {
            $admin["{$key}_display"] = $clock->formatTick(Util::toInt($admin[$key]), true);
        }
    }
    $admin['clock_now_tick'] = $clock->nowTick();
    $admin['clock_now_display'] = $clock->formatTick($admin['clock_now_tick'], true);
    return $admin;
 }
 /** @return General[] */
 function deleteNation(General $lord, bool $applyDB): array
@@ -1788,11 +1788,13 @@ function deleteNation(General $lord, bool $applyDB): array
    // 부대 삭제
    $db->delete('troop', 'nation=%i', $nationID);
-    // 국가 삭제
+    // 국가 삭제
-    $db->insert('ng_old_nations', [
+    $gameDate = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'))->formatNow();
-        'server_id' => UniqueConst::$serverID,
+    $db->insert('ng_old_nations', [
-        'nation' => $nationID,
+        'server_id' => UniqueConst::$serverID,
-        'data' => Json::encode($nation)
+        'nation' => $nationID,
        'date' => $gameDate,
        'data' => Json::encode($nation)
    ]);
    $db->delete('nation', 'nation=%i', $nationID);
    $db->delete('nation_turn', 'nation_id=%i', $nationID);
@@ -2199,35 +2201,29 @@ function SabotageInjury(RandUtil $rng, array $cityGeneralList, string $reason):
    return $injuryCount;
 }
-function getRandTurn(RandUtil $rng, $term, ?\DateTimeInterface $baseDateTime = null)
+function getRandTurn(RandUtil $rng, int $term, ?int $baseTick = null): int
-{
+{
-    if ($baseDateTime === null) {
+    $db = DB::db();
-        $baseDateTime = new \DateTimeImmutable();
+    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'));
-    } else if ($baseDateTime instanceof \DateTime) {
+    $baseTick ??= $clock->nowTick();
-        $baseDateTime = \DateTimeImmutable::createFromMutable($baseDateTime);
+
-    } else if ($baseDateTime instanceof \DateTimeImmutable) {
+    $randSecond = $rng->nextRangeInt(0, 60 * $term - 1);
-        //do Nothing
+    $randMicrosecond = $rng->nextRangeInt(0, 999999); // 레거시 RNG 소비 6자리 유지
-    } else {
+
-        throw new MustNotBeReachedException();
+    return $baseTick
-    }
+        + $clock->ticksFromSeconds($randSecond)
-
+        + intdiv($randMicrosecond * $clock->ticksPerSecond(), 1_000_000);
-    $randSecond = $rng->nextRangeInt(0, 60 * $term - 1);
+}
-    $randFraction = $rng->nextRangeInt(0, 999999) / 1000000; //6자리 소수
+
-
+function getRandTurn2(RandUtil $rng, int $term, ?int $baseTick = null): int
-    return TimeUtil::format($baseDateTime->add(TimeUtil::secondsToDateInterval($randSecond + $randFraction)), true);
+{
-}
+    $db = DB::db();
-
+    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'));
-function getRandTurn2(RandUtil $rng, $term, ?\DateTimeInterface $baseDateTime = null)
+    $baseTick ??= $clock->nowTick();
-{
+    $randSecond = $rng->nextRangeInt(0, 60 * $term - 1);
-    if ($baseDateTime === null) {
+    $randMicrosecond = $rng->nextRangeInt(0, 999999); // 레거시 RNG 소비 6자리 유지
-        $baseDateTime = new \DateTimeImmutable();
+
-    } else if ($baseDateTime instanceof \DateTime) {
+    return $baseTick
-        $baseDateTime = \DateTimeImmutable::createFromMutable($baseDateTime);
+        - $clock->ticksFromSeconds($randSecond)
-    } else {
+        - intdiv($randMicrosecond * $clock->ticksPerSecond(), 1_000_000);
-        throw new MustNotBeReachedException();
+}
    }
    $randSecond = $rng->nextRangeInt(0, 60 * $term - 1);
    $randFraction = $rng->nextRangeInt(0, 999999) / 1000000; //6자리 소수
    return $baseDateTime->sub(TimeUtil::secondsToDateInterval($randSecond + $randFraction))->format('Y-m-d H:i:s.u');
 }
@@ -62,11 +62,12 @@ function processAuction()
 {
    $db = DB::db();
-    $now = TimeUtil::now();
+    $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
    $nowTick = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor)->nowTick();
    $auctionList = $db->queryAllLists(
-        'SELECT id, `type` FROM ng_auction WHERE `close_date` <= %s AND finished = 0',
+        'SELECT id, `type` FROM ng_auction WHERE `close_tick` <= %i AND finished = 0',
-        $now
+        $nowTick
    );
    if (!$auctionList) {
@@ -42,15 +42,21 @@ function pushGeneralCommand(int $generalID, int $turnCnt=1){
    $db = DB::db();
-    $db->update('general_turn', [
+    $db->query(
-        'turn_idx'=>$db->sqleval('turn_idx + %i', $turnCnt)
+        'UPDATE general_turn AS dst
-    ], 'general_id=%i ORDER BY turn_idx DESC', $generalID);
+        LEFT JOIN general_turn AS src
-    $db->update('general_turn', [
+          ON src.general_id = dst.general_id
-        'turn_idx'=>$db->sqleval('turn_idx - %i', GameConst::$maxTurn),
+         AND src.turn_idx = dst.turn_idx - %i
-        'action'=>'휴식',
+        SET dst.action = IF(src.id IS NULL, %s, src.action),
-        'arg'=>'{}',
+            dst.arg = IF(src.id IS NULL, %s, src.arg),
-        'brief'=>'휴식'
+            dst.brief = IF(src.id IS NULL, %s, src.brief)
-    ], 'general_id=%i AND turn_idx >= %i', $generalID, GameConst::$maxTurn);
+        WHERE dst.general_id = %i',
        $turnCnt,
        '휴식',
        '{}',
        '휴식',
        $generalID
    );
 }
 function pullGeneralCommand(int $generalID, int $turnCnt=1){
@@ -67,15 +73,21 @@ function pullGeneralCommand(int $generalID, int $turnCnt=1){
    $db = DB::db();
-    $db->update('general_turn', [
+    $db->query(
-        'turn_idx'=>$db->sqleval('turn_idx + %i', GameConst::$maxTurn),
+        'UPDATE general_turn AS dst
-        'action'=>'휴식',
+        LEFT JOIN general_turn AS src
-        'arg'=>'{}',
+          ON src.general_id = dst.general_id
-        'brief'=>'휴식'
+         AND src.turn_idx = dst.turn_idx + %i
-    ], 'general_id=%i AND turn_idx < %i', $generalID, $turnCnt);
+        SET dst.action = IF(src.id IS NULL, %s, src.action),
-    $db->update('general_turn', [
+            dst.arg = IF(src.id IS NULL, %s, src.arg),
-        'turn_idx'=>$db->sqleval('turn_idx - %i', $turnCnt)
+            dst.brief = IF(src.id IS NULL, %s, src.brief)
-    ], 'general_id=%i ORDER BY turn_idx ASC', $generalID);
+        WHERE dst.general_id = %i',
        $turnCnt,
        '휴식',
        '{}',
        '휴식',
        $generalID
    );
 }
 function repeatGeneralCommand(int $generalId, int $turnCnt){
@@ -126,15 +138,23 @@ function pushNationCommand(int $nationID, int $officerLevel, int $turnCnt=1){
    $db = DB::db();
-    $db->update('nation_turn', [
+    $db->query(
-        'turn_idx'=>$db->sqleval('turn_idx + %i', $turnCnt)
+        'UPDATE nation_turn AS dst
-    ], 'nation_id=%i AND officer_level=%i ORDER BY turn_idx DESC', $nationID, $officerLevel);
+        LEFT JOIN nation_turn AS src
-    $db->update('nation_turn', [
+          ON src.nation_id = dst.nation_id
-        'turn_idx'=>$db->sqleval('turn_idx - %i', GameConst::$maxChiefTurn),
+         AND src.officer_level = dst.officer_level
-        'action'=>'휴식',
+         AND src.turn_idx = dst.turn_idx - %i
-        'arg'=>'{}',
+        SET dst.action = IF(src.id IS NULL, %s, src.action),
-        'brief'=>'휴식'
+            dst.arg = IF(src.id IS NULL, %s, src.arg),
-    ], 'nation_id=%i AND officer_level=%i AND turn_idx >= %i ORDER BY turn_idx ASC', $nationID, $officerLevel, GameConst::$maxChiefTurn);
+            dst.brief = IF(src.id IS NULL, %s, src.brief)
        WHERE dst.nation_id = %i AND dst.officer_level = %i',
        $turnCnt,
        '휴식',
        '{}',
        '휴식',
        $nationID,
        $officerLevel
    );
 }
 function pullNationCommand(int $nationID, int $officerLevel, int $turnCnt=1){
@@ -157,15 +177,23 @@ function pullNationCommand(int $nationID, int $officerLevel, int $turnCnt=1){
    $db = DB::db();
-    $db->update('nation_turn', [
+    $db->query(
-        'turn_idx'=>$db->sqleval('turn_idx + %i', GameConst::$maxChiefTurn),
+        'UPDATE nation_turn AS dst
-        'action'=>'휴식',
+        LEFT JOIN nation_turn AS src
-        'arg'=>'{}',
+          ON src.nation_id = dst.nation_id
-        'brief'=>'휴식',
+         AND src.officer_level = dst.officer_level
-    ], 'nation_id=%i AND officer_level=%i AND turn_idx < %i', $nationID, $officerLevel, $turnCnt);
+         AND src.turn_idx = dst.turn_idx + %i
-    $db->update('nation_turn', [
+        SET dst.action = IF(src.id IS NULL, %s, src.action),
-        'turn_idx'=>$db->sqleval('turn_idx - %i', $turnCnt)
+            dst.arg = IF(src.id IS NULL, %s, src.arg),
-    ], 'nation_id=%i AND officer_level=%i ORDER BY turn_idx ASC', $nationID, $officerLevel);
+            dst.brief = IF(src.id IS NULL, %s, src.brief)
        WHERE dst.nation_id = %i AND dst.officer_level = %i',
        $turnCnt,
        '휴식',
        '{}',
        '휴식',
        $nationID,
        $officerLevel
    );
 }
 function repeatNationCommand(int $nationID, int $officerLevel, int $turnCnt){
@@ -494,4 +522,4 @@ function setNationCommand(int $generalID, array $turnList, string $command, ?arr
        'arg_test'=>true,
        'reason'=>'success'
    ];
-}
+}
@@ -651,16 +651,24 @@ function checkStatistic()
 }
-function convForOldGeneral(array $general, int $year, int $month)
+function convForOldGeneral(array $general, int $year, int $month)
-{
+{
-    $general['history'] = getGeneralHistoryLogAll($general['no']);
+    $general['history'] = getGeneralHistoryLogAll($general['no']);
-    return [
+    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage(DB::db(), 'game_env'));
    $turnTimeDisplay = $clock->formatTick(Util::toInt($general['turntime']), true);
    $general['turntime_tick'] = Util::toInt($general['turntime']);
    $general['turntime'] = $turnTimeDisplay;
    if ($general['recent_war'] !== null) {
        $general['recent_war_tick'] = Util::toInt($general['recent_war']);
        $general['recent_war'] = $clock->formatTick(Util::toInt($general['recent_war']), true);
    }
    return [
        'server_id' => UniqueConst::$serverID,
        'general_no' => $general['no'],
        'owner' => $general['owner'],
        'name' => $general['name'],
        'last_yearmonth' => $year * 100 + $month,
-        'turntime' => $general['turntime'],
+        'turntime' => $turnTimeDisplay,
        'data' => Json::encode($general)
    ];
 }
@@ -734,7 +742,7 @@ function checkEmperior()
    /** @var int[] */
    $auctionList = $db->queryFirstColumn(
-        'SELECT `id` FROM `ng_auction` WHERE `type` = %s AND `finished` = 0 ORDER BY `close_date` ASC',
+        'SELECT `id` FROM `ng_auction` WHERE `type` = %s AND `finished` = 0 ORDER BY `close_tick` ASC',
        AuctionType::UniqueItem->value
    );
    foreach($auctionList as $auctionID){
@@ -830,20 +838,23 @@ function checkEmperior()
    $nation['aux'] += $nationStor->max_power ?? [];
    $nation['history'] = getNationHistoryLogAll($nation['nation']);
-    storeOldGenerals(0, $admin['year'], $admin['month']);
+    storeOldGenerals(0, $admin['year'], $admin['month']);
-    storeOldGenerals($nation['nation'], $admin['year'], $admin['month']);
+    storeOldGenerals($nation['nation'], $admin['year'], $admin['month']);
-
+    $gameDate = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor)->formatNow();
-    $db->insert('ng_old_nations', [
+
-        'server_id' => UniqueConst::$serverID,
+    $db->insert('ng_old_nations', [
-        'nation' => $nation['nation'],
+        'server_id' => UniqueConst::$serverID,
-        'data' => Json::encode($nation)
+        'nation' => $nation['nation'],
        'date' => $gameDate,
        'data' => Json::encode($nation)
    ]);
    $noNationGeneral = $db->queryFirstColumn('SELECT `no` FROM general WHERE nation=0');
    $db->insert('ng_old_nations', [
-        'server_id' => UniqueConst::$serverID,
+        'server_id' => UniqueConst::$serverID,
-        'nation' => 0,
+        'nation' => 0,
-        'data' => Json::encode([
+        'date' => $gameDate,
        'data' => Json::encode([
            'nation' => 0,
            'name' => '재야',
            'generals' => $noNationGeneral
@@ -4,6 +4,10 @@ namespace sammo;
 function printLimitMsg($turntime)
 {
    if (is_int($turntime) || (is_string($turntime) && ctype_digit(ltrim($turntime, '-')))) {
        $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage(DB::db(), 'game_env');
        $turntime = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor)->formatTick(Util::toInt($turntime), true);
    }
    //FIXME: template로 이동.
 ?>
    <!DOCTYPE html>
@@ -61,8 +61,12 @@ function chiefTurnTable()
 ";
 }
-function templateLimitMsg(string $turntime): string
+function templateLimitMsg(string $turntime): string
-{
+{
    if (ctype_digit(ltrim($turntime, '-'))) {
        $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage(DB::db(), 'game_env');
        $turntime = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor)->formatTick(Util::toInt($turntime), true);
    }
    return "이미 너무 많은 접속을 하셨습니다. 다음 턴에 다시 시도해주세요. (턴시간: {$turntime})";
 }
@@ -17,10 +17,10 @@ function processTournament()
 {
    $db = DB::db();
    $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
    $admin = $gameStor->getValues(['tournament', 'phase', 'tnmt_type', 'tnmt_auto', 'tnmt_time', 'turnterm', 'last_tournament_betting_id']);
-    $now = new \DateTime();
+    $offset = intdiv($clock->nowTick() - Util::toInt($admin['tnmt_time']), $clock->ticksPerSecond());
    $offset = $now->getTimestamp() - (new \DateTime($admin['tnmt_time']))->getTimestamp();
    //수동일땐 무시
    if (!$admin['tnmt_auto']) {
@@ -122,10 +122,10 @@ function processTournament()
        if ($tnmt == 6) {
            $betTerm = Util::valueFit($unit * 60, null, 3600);
            //처리 초 더한 날짜
            $dt = date("Y-m-d H:i:s", strtotime($admin['tnmt_time']) + $unit * $i + $betTerm);
            $gameStor->tournament = $tnmt;
            $gameStor->phase = $phase;
-            $gameStor->tnmt_time = $dt;
+            $gameStor->tnmt_time = Util::toInt($admin['tnmt_time'])
                + $clock->ticksFromSeconds($unit * $i + $betTerm);
            return;
        }
    }
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ function processTournament()
    $second = $unit * $iter;
    $gameStor->tournament = $tnmt;
    $gameStor->phase = $phase;
-    $gameStor->tnmt_time = (new \DateTimeImmutable($admin['tnmt_time']))->add(new \DateInterval("PT{$second}S"))->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');
+    $gameStor->tnmt_time = Util::toInt($admin['tnmt_time']) + $clock->ticksFromSeconds($second);
 }
 function getTournamentTermText(int $turnTerm)
@@ -160,7 +160,8 @@ function getTournamentTime()
    $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
    list($tnmt, $tnmt_time) = $gameStor->getValuesAsArray(['tournament', 'tnmt_time']);
-    $dt = substr($tnmt_time, 11, 5);
+    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
    $dt = substr($clock->formatTick(Util::toInt($tnmt_time)), 11, 5);
    switch ($tnmt) {
        case 1:
            $tnmt = "개막시간 {$dt}";
@@ -284,9 +285,11 @@ function startTournament($type)
    $admin = $gameStor->getValues(['year', 'month', 'turnterm']);
    $turnTerm = $admin['turnterm'];
    $unit = calcTournamentTerm($turnTerm);
    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
    $gameStor->tnmt_auto = true;
-    $gameStor->tnmt_time = (new \DateTimeImmutable())->add(new \DateInterval("PT{$unit}M"))->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');
+    // 기존 startTournament은 unit을 분으로 더하므로 그 계약을 유지합니다.
    $gameStor->tnmt_time = $clock->nowTick() + $clock->ticksFromMinutes($unit);
    $gameStor->tournament = 1;
    $gameStor->tnmt_type = $type;
    $gameStor->last_tournament_betting_id = 0;
@@ -1171,7 +1174,7 @@ function fight($tnmt_type, $tnmt, $phs, $group, $g1, $g2, $type)
        }
        $damage1 *= $factor1;
        $damage2 *= $factor2;
-        
+
        //1합 승부
        if ($phase == 1) {
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ include "func.php";
 Session::requireLogin()->loginGame()->setReadOnly();
 $mapName = GameConst::$mapName;
 $frontClock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage(DB::db(), 'game_env'));
 ?>
 <!DOCTYPE html>
@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ $mapName = GameConst::$mapName;
          'maxTurn' => GameConst::$maxTurn,
          'maxPushTurn' => 12,
-          'serverNow' => TimeUtil::now(false),
+          'serverNow' => $frontClock->formatTick($frontClock->nowTick()),
        ]
    ], false) ?>
    <?= WebUtil::printJS('../d_shared/common_path.js') ?>
@@ -42,4 +43,4 @@ $mapName = GameConst::$mapName;
    <div id="app"></div>
 </body>
-</html>
+</html>
@@ -25,21 +25,24 @@ if(!$reserved){
    ]);
 }
-$reservedDate = new \DateTime($reserved['date']);
+$reservedDate = new \DateTimeImmutable($reserved['date']);
-$now = new \DateTime();
+$now = GameClock::readWallTime();
 $status = 'not_yet';
-list($isUnited, $lastTurn) = $gameStor->getValuesAsArray(['isunited', 'turntime']);
+list($isUnited, $unitedWallAnchor) = $gameStor->getValuesAsArray(['isunited', 'autoreset_united_wall_anchor']);
-if($isUnited === null || $lastTurn === null){
+if($isUnited === null){
-    $isUnited = 2;
+    $isUnited = 2;
-    $lastTurn = '2000-01-01';
+}
-}
+$lastTurn = null;
-
+if($isUnited > 0){
-if($lastTurn !== null){
+    if(!is_string($unitedWallAnchor) || $unitedWallAnchor === ''){
-    $lastTurn = new \DateTime($lastTurn);
+        $unitedWallAnchor = TimeUtil::format($now, true);
-}
+        $gameStor->autoreset_united_wall_anchor = $unitedWallAnchor;
    }
    $lastTurn = new \DateTimeImmutable($unitedWallAnchor);
 }
 if($lastTurn === null){
    //이미 리셋된 상태임
@@ -99,4 +102,4 @@ $result['affected']=1;
 $prefix = DB::prefix();
 ServConfig::getServerList()[$prefix]->openServer();
-Json::die($result);
+Json::die($result);
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ $session = Session::requireGameLogin()->setReadOnly();
 $userID = Session::getUserID();
 $db = DB::db();
 $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'));
 $isSecretBoard = Util::getPost('isSecret', 'bool', false);
 $title = Util::getPost('title');
@@ -67,7 +68,7 @@ $icon = GetImageURL($me['imgsvr'], $me['picture']);
 $db->insert('board', [
    'nation_no'=>$me['nation'],
    'is_secret'=>$isSecretBoard,
-    'date'=>TimeUtil::now(),
+    'date'=>$clock->formatNow(),
    'general_no'=>$me['no'],
    'author'=>$me['name'],
    'author_icon'=>$icon,
@@ -79,4 +80,4 @@ Json::die([
    'result'=>true,
    'reason'=>'success',
    'row_id'=>$db->insertId()
-]);
+]);
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ $session = Session::requireGameLogin()->setReadOnly();
 $userID = Session::getUserID();
 $db = DB::db();
 $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'));
 $articleNo = Util::getPost('articleNo', 'int');
 $text = Util::getPost('text');
@@ -73,7 +74,7 @@ else if ($isSecretBoard && $permission < 2) {
 $db->insert('comment', [
    'nation_no'=>$me['nation'],
    'is_secret'=>$isSecretBoard,
-    'date'=>TimeUtil::now(),
+    'date'=>$clock->formatNow(),
    'document_no'=>$articleNo,
    'general_no'=>$me['no'],
    'author'=>$me['name'],
@@ -84,4 +85,4 @@ Json::die([
    'result'=>true,
    'reason'=>'success',
    'row_id'=>$db->insertId()
-]);
+]);
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ else{
 }
-$now = new \DateTime();
+$now = Message::gameNow();
 $unlimited = new \DateTime('9999-12-31');
 if(in_array($stateOpt, ['try_destroy_src', 'try_destroy_dest'])){
@@ -138,4 +138,4 @@ Json::die([
    'result'=>true,
    'reason'=>'success',
    'state'=>$lastState
-]);
+]);
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ $destNation = getNationStaticInfo($letter['dest_nation_id']);
 $src = new MessageTarget($me['no'], $me['name'], $destNation['nation'], $destNation['name'], $destNation['color'], $me['icon']);
 $dest = new MessageTarget(0, '', $srcNation['nation'], $srcNation['name'], $srcNation['color']);
-$now = new \DateTime();
+$now = Message::gameNow();
 $unlimited = new \DateTime('9999-12-31');
 if($isAgree){
@@ -133,4 +133,4 @@ $msgID = $msg->send();
 Json::die([
    'result'=>true,
    'reason'=>'success'
-]);
+]);
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ $destNation = getNationStaticInfo($letter['dest_nation_id']);
 $src = new MessageTarget($me['no'], $me['name'], $srcNation['nation'], $srcNation['name'], $srcNation['color'], $me['icon']);
 $dest = new MessageTarget(0, '', $destNation['nation'], $destNation['name'], $destNation['color']);
-$now = new \DateTime();
+$now = Message::gameNow();
 $unlimited = new \DateTime('9999-12-31');
 $aux['reason'] = [
@@ -91,4 +91,4 @@ $msgID = $msg->send();
 Json::die([
    'result'=>true,
    'reason'=>'success'
-]);
+]);
@@ -140,6 +140,8 @@ else{
 $me['icon'] = GetImageURL($me['imgsvr'], $me['picture']);
 $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
 $gameNow = $clock->nowDateTime();
 $db->insert('ng_diplomacy', [
    'src_nation_id'=>$srcNation['nation'],
    'dest_nation_id'=>$destNation['nation'],
@@ -147,7 +149,7 @@ $db->insert('ng_diplomacy', [
    'state'=>'proposed',
    'text_brief'=>$textBrief,
    'text_detail'=>$textDetail,
-    'date'=>TimeUtil::now(),
+    'date'=>TimeUtil::format($gameNow),
    'src_signer'=>$me['no'],
    'dest_signer'=>null,
    'aux'=>Json::encode([
@@ -168,7 +170,7 @@ $newLetterNo = $db->insertId();
 $src = new MessageTarget($me['no'], $me['name'], $srcNation['nation'], $srcNation['name'], $srcNation['color'], $me['icon']);
 $dest = new MessageTarget(0, '', $destNation['nation'], $destNation['name'], $destNation['color']);
-$now = new \DateTime();
+$now = \DateTime::createFromImmutable($gameNow);
 $unlimited = new \DateTime('9999-12-31');
 $josaYi = JosaUtil::pick($newLetterNo, '이');
@@ -195,4 +197,4 @@ Json::die([
    'result'=>true,
    'reason'=>'success',
    'row_id'=>$db->insertId()
-]);
+]);
@@ -16,12 +16,10 @@ $session = Session::requireLogin([])->setReadOnly();
 $userID = Session::getUserID();
 $oNow = new \DateTimeImmutable();
 $now = $oNow->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');
 $db = DB::db();
 $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
 $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
 $now = $clock->nowTick();
 $oldGeneral = $db->queryFirstField('SELECT `no` FROM general WHERE `owner`=%i', $userID);
 if($oldGeneral !== null){
@@ -44,15 +42,14 @@ if($npcmode!=1){
    ]);
 }
-$token = $db->queryFirstRow('SELECT * FROM select_npc_token WHERE `owner`=%i AND `valid_until`>=%s', $userID, $now);
+$token = $db->queryFirstRow('SELECT * FROM select_npc_token WHERE `owner`=%i AND `valid_until`>=%i', $userID, $now);
 $pickResult = [];
 if($token && $refresh){
-    $pickMoreFrom = (new \DateTime($token['pick_more_from']))->getTimestamp();
+    $pickMoreFrom = Util::toInt($token['pick_more_from']);
    $nowT = $oNow->getTimestamp();
-    if($nowT >= $pickMoreFrom){
+    if($now >= $pickMoreFrom){
        $oldPickResult = Json::decode($token['pick_result']);
        foreach($keepResult as $keepId){
@@ -75,15 +72,16 @@ if($token && $refresh){
 }
 if($token && !$refresh){
-    $pickMoreFrom = (new \DateTime($token['pick_more_from']))->getTimestamp();
+    $pickMoreFrom = Util::toInt($token['pick_more_from']);
    $nowT = $oNow->getTimestamp();
    Json::die([
        'result'=>true,
        'pick'=>Json::decode($token['pick_result']),
-        'pickMoreFrom'=>$token['pick_more_from'],
+        'pickMoreFrom'=>$clock->formatTick($pickMoreFrom),
-        'pickMoreSeconds'=>$pickMoreFrom-$nowT,
+        'pickMoreSeconds'=>intdiv($pickMoreFrom - $now, $clock->ticksPerSecond()),
-        'validUntil'=>$token['valid_until']
+        'validUntil'=>$clock->formatTick(Util::toInt($token['valid_until'])),
        'validForSeconds'=>max(0, intdiv(Util::toInt($token['valid_until']) - $now, $clock->ticksPerSecond())),
        'clockMode'=>$clock->getMode(),
    ]);
 }
@@ -100,7 +98,7 @@ foreach($db->query('SELECT `no`, `name`, leadership, strength, intel, nation, im
    $weight[$general['no']] = pow($allStat, 1.5);
 }
-foreach($db->queryFirstColumn('SELECT pick_result FROM select_npc_token WHERE `owner`!=%i AND valid_until >=%s', $userID, $now) as $reserved){
+foreach($db->queryFirstColumn('SELECT pick_result FROM select_npc_token WHERE `owner`!=%i AND valid_until >=%i', $userID, $now) as $reserved){
    $reserved = Json::decode($reserved);
    foreach(array_keys($reserved) as $reservedNPC){
        if(key_exists($reservedNPC, $weight)){
@@ -131,8 +129,8 @@ $newNonce = random_int(0, 0xfffffff);
 $validSecond = max(VALID_SECOND, $turnterm*40);
 $pickMoreSecond = max(PICK_MORE_SECOND, Util::round(pow($turnterm, 0.672)*8));
-$validUntil = $oNow->add(new \DateInterval(sprintf('PT%dS', $validSecond)));
+$validUntil = $now + $clock->ticksFromSeconds($validSecond);
-$pickMoreFrom = $oNow->add(new \DateInterval(sprintf('PT%dS', $pickMoreSecond)));
+$pickMoreFrom = $now + $clock->ticksFromSeconds($pickMoreSecond);
 $db->delete('select_npc_token', 'valid_until < %s', $now);
@@ -140,8 +138,8 @@ $inserted = 0;
 if($token){
    $db->update('select_npc_token', [
-        'valid_until'=>$validUntil->format('Y-m-d H:i:s'),
+        'valid_until'=>$validUntil,
-        'pick_more_from'=>$pickMoreFrom->format('Y-m-d H:i:s'),
+        'pick_more_from'=>$pickMoreFrom,
        'pick_result'=>Json::encode($pickResult),
        'nonce'=>$newNonce
    ], 'owner = %i AND nonce = %i', $userID, $token['nonce']);
@@ -152,8 +150,8 @@ if($token){
 else{
    $db->insertIgnore('select_npc_token', [
        'owner'=>$userID,
-        'valid_until'=>$validUntil->format('Y-m-d H:i:s'),
+        'valid_until'=>$validUntil,
-        'pick_more_from'=>'2000-01-01 01:00:00',
+        'pick_more_from'=>$now,
        'pick_result'=>Json::encode($pickResult),
        'nonce'=>$newNonce
    ]);
@@ -173,7 +171,9 @@ if($inserted === 0){
 Json::die([
    'result'=>true,
    'pick'=>$pickResult,
-    'pickMoreFrom'=>($inserted===-1)?$pickMoreFrom->format('Y-m-d H:i:s'):'2000-01-01 01:00:00',
+    'pickMoreFrom'=>$clock->formatTick(($inserted===-1)?$pickMoreFrom:$now),
    'pickMoreSeconds'=>($inserted===-1)?$pickMoreSecond:0,
-    'validUntil'=>$validUntil->format('Y-m-d H:i:s')
+    'validUntil'=>$clock->formatTick($validUntil),
-]);
+    'validForSeconds'=>max(0, intdiv($validUntil - $now, $clock->ticksPerSecond())),
    'clockMode'=>$clock->getMode(),
 ]);
@@ -43,12 +43,10 @@ function putInfoText(&$info, ?array $currentTargetEnv){
 $session = Session::requireLogin([])->setReadOnly();
 $userID = Session::getUserID();
-$oNow = new \DateTimeImmutable();
+$db = DB::db();
-
+$gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
-$now = $oNow->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');
+$clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
-
+$now = $clock->nowTick();
 $db = DB::db();
 $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
 $eventEnv = $gameStor->getValues(['npcmode', 'startyear', 'year', 'month']);
 $npcmode = $eventEnv['npcmode'];
@@ -88,7 +86,9 @@ if($tokens){
    Json::die([
        'result'=>true,
        'pick'=>$pick,
-        'validUntil'=>$valid_until
+        'validUntil'=>$clock->formatTick(Util::toInt($valid_until)),
        'validForSeconds'=>max(0, intdiv(Util::toInt($valid_until) - $now, $clock->ticksPerSecond())),
        'clockMode'=>$clock->getMode(),
    ]);
 }
@@ -108,5 +108,7 @@ sortTokens($pick);//좀 무식하지만..
 Json::die([
    'result'=>true,
    'pick'=>$pick,
-    'validUntil'=>$valid_until
+    'validUntil'=>$valid_until === null ? null : $clock->formatTick(Util::toInt($valid_until)),
-]);
+    'validForSeconds'=>$valid_until === null ? 0 : max(0, intdiv(Util::toInt($valid_until) - $now, $clock->ticksPerSecond())),
    'clockMode'=>$clock->getMode(),
 ]);
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ try{
        $show_img_level,
        !!$tournament_trig,
        $join_mode,
-        TimeUtil::now(),
+        TimeUtil::format(GameClock::readWallTime(), false),
        $autorun_user
    ));
 }
@@ -220,4 +220,4 @@ catch(\Exception $e){
        'result'=>false,
        'reason'=>$e->getMessage()
    ]);
-}
+}
@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ function do추방(General $general, int $myOfficerLevel): ?string
                $src,
                $src,
                $str,
-                new \DateTime(),
+                Message::gameNow(),
                new \DateTime('9999-12-31'),
                []
            );
@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ $db = DB::db();
 $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
 $rootDB = RootDB::db();
-$oNow = new \DateTimeImmutable();
+$clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
-$now = $oNow->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');
+$now = $clock->nowTick();
 $member = $rootDB->queryFirstRow('SELECT `name`, `penalty` FROM member WHERE `NO`=%i', $userID);
 if(!$member){
@@ -139,4 +139,4 @@ $rootDB->insert('member_log', [
 Json::die([
    'result'=>true,
    'reason'=>'success'
-]);
+]);
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ $db = DB::db();
 $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
 $rootDB = RootDB::db();
-$oNow = new \DateTimeImmutable();
+$clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
-$now = $oNow->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');
+$now = $clock->nowTick();
 $hasGeneralID = $db->queryFirstField('SELECT no FROM general WHERE owner = %i', $userID);
 if($hasGeneralID){
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ $builder->setOwner($userID);
 $builder->setOwnerName($userNick);
 $builder->setKillturn(5);
 $builder->setNPCType(0);
-$builder->setAuxVar('next_change', TimeUtil::nowAddMinutes(12 * $env['turnterm']));
+$builder->setAuxVar('next_change', $now + GameClock::TICKS_PER_TURN * 12);
 $builder->setAuxVar(
    'prestart_delete_after',
    addTurn($now, $env['turnterm'], GameConst::$minTurnDieOnPrestart)
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ if(!class_exists('\\sammo\\DB')){
 $db = DB::db();
 $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
 $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
 if(file_exists(__DIR__.'/.htaccess')){
    $reserved = $db->queryFirstRow(
@@ -75,8 +76,10 @@ $admin['maxUserCnt'] = $admin['maxgeneral'];
 $admin['npcMode'] = $admin['npcmode'];
 $admin['turnTerm'] = $admin['turnterm'];
 $admin['isUnited'] = $admin['isunited'];
 $admin['isOpen'] = $clock->nowTick() >= Util::toInt($admin['opentime']);
 $admin['opentime'] = $clock->formatTick(Util::toInt($admin['opentime']));
 $admin['starttime'] = substr($admin['opentime'], 5, 11);
-$admin['turntime'] = substr($admin['turntime'], 5, 11);
+$admin['turntime'] = substr($clock->formatTick(Util::toInt($admin['turntime'])), 5, 11);
 unset($admin['npcmode']);
 unset($admin['maxgeneral']);
 unset($admin['turnterm']);
@@ -131,4 +134,4 @@ if($general){
 Json::die([
    'game'=>$admin,
    'me'=>$me?:null
-]);
+]);
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ if ($permission < 3) {
 function applyNationPolicy($policy, $nationID, $generalName): ?string
 {
    $db = DB::db();
    $gameNow = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'))->formatNow();
    $nationStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, $nationID, 'nation_env');
    $defaultPolicy = AutorunNationPolicy::$defaultPolicy;
@@ -139,7 +140,7 @@ function applyNationPolicy($policy, $nationID, $generalName): ?string
    $nationPolicyRoot['values'] = $nationPolicy;
    $nationPolicyRoot['valueSetter'] = $generalName;
-    $nationPolicyRoot['valueSetTime'] = TimeUtil::now();
+    $nationPolicyRoot['valueSetTime'] = $gameNow;
    $nationStor->npc_nation_policy = $nationPolicyRoot;
    return null;
 }
@@ -147,6 +148,7 @@ function applyNationPolicy($policy, $nationID, $generalName): ?string
 function applyNationPriority($priority, $nationID, $generalName): ?string
 {
    $db = DB::db();
    $gameNow = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'))->formatNow();
    $nationStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, $nationID, 'nation_env');
    $nationPolicyRoot = $nationStor->npc_nation_policy;
@@ -158,7 +160,7 @@ function applyNationPriority($priority, $nationID, $generalName): ?string
    }
    $nationPolicyRoot['priority'] = $priority;
    $nationPolicyRoot['prioritySetter'] = $generalName;
-    $nationPolicyRoot['prioritySetTime'] = TimeUtil::now();
+    $nationPolicyRoot['prioritySetTime'] = $gameNow;
    $nationStor->npc_nation_policy = $nationPolicyRoot;
    return null;
 }
@@ -166,6 +168,7 @@ function applyNationPriority($priority, $nationID, $generalName): ?string
 function applyGeneralPriority($priority, $nationID, $generalName): ?string
 {
    $db = DB::db();
    $gameNow = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'))->formatNow();
    $nationStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, $nationID, 'nation_env');
    $generalPolicyRoot = $nationStor->npc_general_policy;
@@ -206,7 +209,7 @@ function applyGeneralPriority($priority, $nationID, $generalName): ?string
    $generalPolicyRoot['priority'] = $priority;
    $generalPolicyRoot['prioritySetter'] = $generalName;
-    $generalPolicyRoot['prioritySetTime'] = TimeUtil::now();
+    $generalPolicyRoot['prioritySetTime'] = $gameNow;
    $nationStor->npc_general_policy = $generalPolicyRoot;
    return null;
 }
@@ -77,7 +77,8 @@ $month = $query['month'];
 $repeatCnt = $query['repeatCnt'];
 $rawAttacker = $query['attackerGeneral'];
-$rawAttacker['turntime'] = TimeUtil::now();
+$battleClock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage(DB::db(), 'game_env'));
 $rawAttacker['turntime'] = $battleClock->formatTick($battleClock->nowTick());
 $rawAttackerCity = $query['attackerCity'];
 $rawAttackerNation = $query['attackerNation'];
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ $db = DB::db();
 $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
 $rootDB = RootDB::db();
-$oNow = new \DateTimeImmutable();
+$clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
-$now = $oNow->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');
+$now = $clock->nowTick();
 $generalID = $db->queryFirstField('SELECT no FROM general WHERE owner = %i', $userID);
 if(!$generalID){
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ if ($isCentennialAllStar) {
 if(key_exists('generalName', $info)){
    $generalObj->updateVar('name', $info['generalName']);
 }
-$generalObj->setAuxVar('next_change', TimeUtil::nowAddMinutes(12 * $turnterm));
+$generalObj->setAuxVar('next_change', $now + GameClock::TICKS_PER_TURN * 12);
 $userNick = $ownerInfo['name'];
 $generalObj->setVar('owner_name', $userNick);
@@ -11,9 +11,11 @@ $db = DB::db();
 $updated = false;
 $locked = false;
 $lastExecuted = TurnExecutionHelper::executeAllCommand($updated, $locked);
 $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'));
 Json::die([
    'result' => true,
    'updated' => $updated,
    'locked' => $locked,
-    'lastExecuted' => $lastExecuted,
+    'lastExecutedTick' => $lastExecuted,
-]);
+    'lastExecuted' => $clock->formatTick($lastExecuted, true),
 ]);
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class BidUniqueAuction extends \sammo\BaseAPI
    ])
      ->rule('int', 'amount')
      ->rule('int', 'auctionID')
-      ->rule('boolean', 'extendCloseDate');
+      ->rule('boolean', 'extendCloseTick');
    if (!$v->validate()) {
      return $v->errorStr();
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ class BidUniqueAuction extends \sammo\BaseAPI
  {
    $auctionID = $this->args['auctionID'];
    $amount = $this->args['amount'];
-    $tryExtendCloseDate = $this->args['extendCloseDate'] ?? false;
+    $tryExtendCloseDate = $this->args['extendCloseTick'] ?? false;
    $generalID = $session->generalID;
    $general = General::createObjFromDB($generalID);
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@ use sammo\General;
 use sammo\Json;
 use sammo\TimeUtil;
 use sammo\Util;
 use sammo\GameClock;
 use sammo\KVStorage;
 use function sammo\getAuctionLogRecent;
@@ -33,12 +35,13 @@ class GetActiveResourceAuctionList extends \sammo\BaseAPI
  public function launch(Session $session, ?DateTimeInterface $modifiedSince, ?string $reqEtag): null | string | array | APIRecoveryType
  {
    $db = DB::db();
    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'));
    $buyRiceList = [];
    $sellRiceList = [];
    /** @var AuctionInfo[] */
    $auctions = array_map(fn ($raw) => AuctionInfo::fromArray($raw), $db->query(
-      'SELECT * FROM `ng_auction` WHERE `type` IN %ls AND `finished` = 0 ORDER BY `close_date` ASC',
+      'SELECT * FROM `ng_auction` WHERE `type` IN %ls AND `finished` = 0 ORDER BY `close_tick` ASC',
      [
        AuctionType::BuyRice->value,
        AuctionType::SellRice->value,
@@ -87,8 +90,8 @@ class GetActiveResourceAuctionList extends \sammo\BaseAPI
        'type' => $auction->type->value,
        'hostGeneralID' => $auction->hostGeneralID,
        'hostName' => $auction->detail->hostName,
-        'openDate' => TimeUtil::format($auction->openDate, false),
+        'openDate' => $clock->formatTick($auction->openTick),
-        'closeDate' => TimeUtil::format($auction->closeDate, false),
+        'closeDate' => $clock->formatTick($auction->closeTick),
        'amount' => $auction->detail->amount,
        'startBidAmount' => $auction->detail->startBidAmount,
        'finishBidAmount' => $auction->detail->finishBidAmount,
@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@ use sammo\Enums\GeneralQueryMode;
 use sammo\Enums\InheritanceKey;
 use sammo\InheritancePointManager;
 use sammo\TimeUtil;
 use sammo\GameClock;
 use sammo\KVStorage;
 use sammo\Validator;
 use sammo\General;
@@ -42,6 +44,7 @@ class GetUniqueItemAuctionDetail extends \sammo\BaseAPI
  public function launch(Session $session, ?DateTimeInterface $modifiedSince, ?string $reqEtag): null | string | array | APIRecoveryType
  {
    $db = DB::db();
    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'));
    $generalID = $session->generalID;
    $auctionID = $this->args['auctionID'];
@@ -92,9 +95,11 @@ class GetUniqueItemAuctionDetail extends \sammo\BaseAPI
        'target' => $auction->target,
        'isCallerHost' => $auction->hostGeneralID === $generalID,
        'hostName' => $auction->detail->hostName,
-        'closeDate' => TimeUtil::format($auction->closeDate, false),
+        'closeDate' => $clock->formatTick($auction->closeTick),
        'remainCloseDateExtensionCnt' => $auction->detail->remainCloseDateExtensionCnt,
-        'availableLatestBidCloseDate' => TimeUtil::format($auction->detail->availableLatestBidCloseDate, false),
+        'availableLatestBidCloseDate' => $auction->detail->availableLatestBidCloseTick === null
          ? null
          : $clock->formatTick($auction->detail->availableLatestBidCloseTick),
      ],
      'bidList' => $responseBid,
      'obfuscatedName' => $obfuscatedName,
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ use sammo\Enums\APIRecoveryType;
 use sammo\Enums\AuctionType;
 use sammo\TimeUtil;
 use sammo\Util;
 use sammo\GameClock;
 use sammo\KVStorage;
 class GetUniqueItemAuctionList extends \sammo\BaseAPI
 {
@@ -28,12 +30,13 @@ class GetUniqueItemAuctionList extends \sammo\BaseAPI
  public function launch(Session $session, ?DateTimeInterface $modifiedSince, ?string $reqEtag): null | string | array | APIRecoveryType
  {
    $db = DB::db();
    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'));
    $generalID = $session->generalID;
    /** @var AuctionInfo[] */
    $auctions = array_map(fn($raw)=>AuctionInfo::fromArray($raw), $db->query(
-      'SELECT * FROM `ng_auction` WHERE `type` = %s ORDER BY `close_date` ASC',
+      'SELECT * FROM `ng_auction` WHERE `type` = %s ORDER BY `close_tick` ASC',
      AuctionType::UniqueItem->value
    ) ?? []);
@@ -85,9 +88,11 @@ class GetUniqueItemAuctionList extends \sammo\BaseAPI
        'target' => $auction->target,
        'isCallerHost' => $auction->hostGeneralID === $generalID,
        'hostName' => $auction->detail->hostName,
-        'closeDate' => TimeUtil::format($auction->closeDate, false),
+        'closeDate' => $clock->formatTick($auction->closeTick),
        'remainCloseDateExtensionCnt' => $auction->detail->remainCloseDateExtensionCnt,
-        'availableLatestBidCloseDate' => TimeUtil::format($auction->detail->availableLatestBidCloseDate, false),
+        'availableLatestBidCloseDate' => $auction->detail->availableLatestBidCloseTick === null
          ? null
          : $clock->formatTick($auction->detail->availableLatestBidCloseTick),
        'highestBid' => [
          'generalName' => $highestBid->aux->generalName,
          'amount' => $highestBid->amount,
@@ -7,9 +7,10 @@ use DateTimeInterface;
 use sammo\DB;
 use sammo\Enums\APIRecoveryType;
 use sammo\GameConst;
 use sammo\GameClock;
 use sammo\Json;
 use sammo\KVStorage;
-use sammo\TimeUtil;
+use sammo\Util;
 use function sammo\cutTurn;
@@ -31,6 +32,7 @@ class GetReservedCommand extends \sammo\BaseAPI
        $commandList = [];
        $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
        $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
        $generalID = $session->generalID;
        $invalidTurnList = 0;
@@ -82,11 +84,13 @@ class GetReservedCommand extends \sammo\BaseAPI
        return [
            'result' => true,
-            'turnTime' => $turnTime,
+            'turnTimeTick' => Util::toInt($turnTime),
            'turnTime' => $clock->formatTick(Util::toInt($turnTime)),
            'turnTerm' => $turnTerm,
            'year' => $year,
            'month' => $month,
-            'date' => TimeUtil::now(true),
+            'date' => $clock->formatTick($clock->nowTick(), true),
            'clockMode' => $clock->getMode(),
            'turn' => $commandList,
            'autorun_limit' => $generalAux['autorun_limit'] ?? null,
        ];
@@ -11,7 +11,8 @@ use sammo\Session;
 use sammo\General;
 use sammo\JosaUtil;
 use sammo\KVStorage;
-use sammo\TimeUtil;
+use sammo\GameClock;
 use sammo\Util;
 use function sammo\addTurn;
 use function sammo\increaseRefresh;
@@ -37,6 +38,8 @@ class DieOnPrestart extends \sammo\BaseAPI
    $db = DB::db();
    $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
    $gameStor->cacheValues(['turnterm', 'opentime', 'turntime', 'year', 'month']);
    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
    $nowTick = $clock->nowTick();
    $general = $db->queryFirstRow('SELECT no,name,nation,owner_name,npc FROM general WHERE owner=%i AND npc = 0', $userID);
    if (!$general) {
@@ -67,9 +70,9 @@ class DieOnPrestart extends \sammo\BaseAPI
    }
    $targetTime = $generalObj->getAuxVar('prestart_delete_after');
-    if (!is_string($targetTime) || $targetTime === '') {
+    if (!is_int($targetTime)) {
      $targetTime = addTurn(
-        $lastRefresh ?: TimeUtil::now(),
+        $lastRefresh === null ? $nowTick : Util::toInt($lastRefresh),
        $gameStor->turnterm,
        GameConst::$minTurnDieOnPrestart
      );
@@ -78,8 +81,8 @@ class DieOnPrestart extends \sammo\BaseAPI
    }
    //서버 가오픈시 할 수 있는 행동
-    if ($targetTime > TimeUtil::now()) {
+    if ($targetTime > $nowTick) {
-      $targetTimeShort = substr($targetTime, 0, 19);
+      $targetTimeShort = $clock->formatTick($targetTime);
      return "아직 삭제할 수 없습니다. {$targetTimeShort} 부터 가능합니다.";
    }
@@ -14,13 +14,13 @@ use sammo\Enums\GeneralColumn;
 use sammo\Enums\GeneralQueryMode;
 use sammo\Enums\RankColumn;
 use sammo\GameConst;
 use sammo\GameClock;
 use sammo\General;
 use sammo\KVStorage;
 use sammo\LastTurn;
 use sammo\Validator;
 use sammo\Session;
 use sammo\TimeUtil;
 use sammo\Util;
 use function sammo\buildNationCommandClass;
@@ -105,6 +105,7 @@ class GetFrontInfo extends \sammo\BaseAPI
    $db = DB::db();
    $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
    $gameStor->cacheValues(['isunited', 'opentime', 'refresh']);
    $lastHistoryID = $this->args['lastWorldHistoryID'];
@@ -158,6 +159,7 @@ class GetFrontInfo extends \sammo\BaseAPI
  private function generateGlobalInfo(MeekroDB $db): array
  {
    $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
    [
      $scenarioText, $extendedGeneral, $isFiction, $npcMode,
@@ -182,8 +184,9 @@ class GetFrontInfo extends \sammo\BaseAPI
    $lastVote = null;
    if ($lastVoteID) {
      $voteStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'vote');
-      $lastVote = VoteInfo::fromArray($voteStor->getValue("vote_{$lastVoteID}"));
+      $rawLastVote = VoteInfo::normalizeGameStorage($voteStor->getValue("vote_{$lastVoteID}"), $clock);
-      if ($lastVote->endDate && $lastVote->endDate < TimeUtil::now()) {
+      $lastVote = VoteInfo::fromGameStorage($rawLastVote, $clock);
      if ($rawLastVote['endTick'] !== null && $rawLastVote['endTick'] < $clock->nowTick()) {
        $lastVote = null;
      }
    }
@@ -210,7 +213,8 @@ class GetFrontInfo extends \sammo\BaseAPI
      'month' => $month,
      'autorunUser' => $autorunUser,
      'turnterm' => $turnterm,
-      'lastExecuted' => $lastExecuted,
+      'lastExecutedTick' => $lastExecuted,
      'lastExecuted' => $clock->formatTick(Util::toInt($lastExecuted), true),
      'lastVoteID' => $lastVoteID,
      'develCost' => $develCost,
      'noticeMsg' => $noticeMsg,
@@ -224,7 +228,8 @@ class GetFrontInfo extends \sammo\BaseAPI
      'isLocked' => $isLocked,
      'tournamentType' => $tournamentType,
      'tournamentState' => $tournamentState,
-      'tournamentTime' => $tournamentTime,
+      'tournamentTimeTick' => $tournamentTime,
      'tournamentTime' => $tournamentTime === null ? null : $clock->formatTick(Util::toInt($tournamentTime)),
      'genCount' => $globalGenCount,
      'generalCntLimit' => $generalCntLimit,
      'serverCnt' => $serverCnt,
@@ -361,6 +366,7 @@ class GetFrontInfo extends \sammo\BaseAPI
  public function generateGeneralInfo(MeekroDB $db, General $general, array $rawNation): array
  {
    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'));
    $permission = checkSecretPermission($general->getRaw());
@@ -425,8 +431,12 @@ class GetFrontInfo extends \sammo\BaseAPI
      'crew' => $general->getVar(GeneralColumn::crew), // number;
      'train' => $general->getVar(GeneralColumn::train), // number;
      'atmos' => $general->getVar(GeneralColumn::atmos), // number;
-      'turntime' => $general->getVar(GeneralColumn::turntime), // string;
+      'turntimeTick' => $general->getTurnTick(), // number;
-      'recent_war' => $general->getVar(GeneralColumn::recent_war), // string;
+      'turntime' => $general->getTurnTime(), // string;
      'recent_war_tick' => $general->getVar(GeneralColumn::recent_war), // number|null;
      'recent_war' => $general->getVar(GeneralColumn::recent_war) === null
        ? null
        : $clock->formatTick(Util::toInt($general->getVar(GeneralColumn::recent_war)), true), // string|null;
      'horse' => $general->getVar(GeneralColumn::horse), // GameObjClassKey;
      'weapon' => $general->getVar(GeneralColumn::weapon), // GameObjClassKey;
      'book' => $general->getVar(GeneralColumn::book), // GameObjClassKey;
@@ -544,7 +554,7 @@ class GetFrontInfo extends \sammo\BaseAPI
        'result' => false,
        'reason' => '접속 제한중입니다.',
        'recovery' => APIRecoveryType::GameQuota,
-        'recovery_arg' => $general->getVar('turntime'),
+        'recovery_arg' => $general->getTurnTime(),
      ];
    }
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ use sammo\Enums\APIRecoveryType;
 use sammo\Enums\GeneralAccessLogColumn;
 use sammo\Enums\RankColumn;
 use sammo\GameConst;
 use sammo\GameClock;
 use sammo\GameUnitConst;
 use sammo\General;
 use sammo\InheritancePointManager;
@@ -165,6 +166,7 @@ class Join extends \sammo\BaseAPI
        $db = DB::db();
        $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
        $gameStor->cacheValues(['year', 'month', 'maxgeneral', 'scenario', 'show_img_level', 'block_general_create', 'turnterm', 'turntime', 'genius', 'npcmode']);
        $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
        ########## 동일 정보 존재여부 확인. ##########
        $block_general_create = $gameStor->getValue('block_general_create');
@@ -222,7 +224,7 @@ class Join extends \sammo\BaseAPI
        $userLogger = new UserLogger($userID, $admin['year'], $admin['month'], false);
-        $now = TimeUtil::now(false);
+        $now = $clock->nowTick();
        $rng = new RandUtil(new LiteHashDRBG(Util::simpleSerialize(
            UniqueConst::$hiddenSeed,
            'MakeGeneral',
@@ -360,17 +362,14 @@ class Join extends \sammo\BaseAPI
            $userLogger->push(sprintf("턴 시간 %02d:%02d 로 지정", intdiv($inheritTurntime, 60), $inheritTurntime % 60), "inheritPoint");
-            $inheritTurntime += $rng->nextRangeInt(0, 999999) / 1000000;
+            $inheritTurnMicrosecond = $rng->nextRangeInt(0, 999999);
-
+            $turntime = cutTurn(Util::toInt($admin['turntime']), $admin['turnterm'])
-            $turntime = new \DateTimeImmutable(cutTurn($admin['turntime'], $admin['turnterm']));
+                + $clock->ticksFromSeconds($inheritTurntime)
-            $turntime = $turntime->add(TimeUtil::secondsToDateInterval($inheritTurntime));
+                + intdiv($inheritTurnMicrosecond * $clock->ticksPerSecond(), 1_000_000);
            $turntime = TimeUtil::format($turntime, true);
        } else {
-            $turntime = getRandTurn($rng, $admin['turnterm'], new \DateTimeImmutable($admin['turntime']));
+            $turntime = getRandTurn($rng, $admin['turnterm'], Util::toInt($admin['turntime']));
        }
        $now = TimeUtil::now(true);
        if ($now >= $turntime) {
            $turntime = addTurn($turntime, $admin['turnterm']);
        }
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ use DateTimeInterface;
 use sammo\Enums\APIRecoveryType;
 use sammo\TurnExecutionHelper;
 use sammo\UniqueConst;
 use sammo\GameClock;
 use sammo\KVStorage;
 class ExecuteEngine extends \sammo\BaseAPI
 {
@@ -35,11 +37,13 @@ class ExecuteEngine extends \sammo\BaseAPI
      $updated = false;
      $locked = false;
      $lastExecuted = TurnExecutionHelper::executeAllCommand($updated, $locked);
      $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage(DB::db(), 'game_env'));
      return [
        'result' => true,
        'updated' => $updated,
        'locked' => $locked,
-        'lastExecuted' => $lastExecuted,
+        'lastExecutedTick' => $lastExecuted,
        'lastExecuted' => $clock->formatTick($lastExecuted, true),
      ];
    }
 }
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 namespace sammo\API\Global;
 use sammo\DB;
 use sammo\GameClock;
 use sammo\Enums\APIRecoveryType;
 use sammo\Json;
 use sammo\KVStorage;
@@ -145,7 +146,8 @@ class GeneralList extends \sammo\BaseAPI
        if (static::$withToken) {
-            $now = (new \DateTimeImmutable())->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');
+            $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
            $now = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor)->nowTick();
            $tokens = [];
            foreach ($db->query('SELECT * FROM select_npc_token WHERE `valid_until`>=%s', $now) as $token) {
                $validUntil = $token['valid_until'];
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ use sammo\Enums\RankColumn;
 use sammo\GameConst;
 use sammo\General;
 use sammo\KVStorage;
 use sammo\TimeUtil;
 use sammo\UserLogger;
 class BuyRandomUnique extends \sammo\BaseAPI
@@ -56,7 +55,7 @@ class BuyRandomUnique extends \sammo\BaseAPI
        $userLogger->push("{$reqAmount} 포인트로 랜덤 유니크 구입", "inheritPoint");
        $userLogger->flush();
-        $general->setAuxVar('inheritRandomUnique', TimeUtil::now());
+        $general->setAuxVar('inheritRandomUnique', true);
        $inheritStor->setValue('previous', [$previousPoint - $reqAmount, null]);
        $general->increaseRankVar(RankColumn::inherit_point_spent_dynamic, $reqAmount);
        $general->applyDB($db);
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ class CheckOwner extends \sammo\BaseAPI
                $src,
                $dest,
                "{$destGeneralName}의 소유자는 {$destGeneralOwnerName} 입니다.",
-                new \DateTime(),
+                Message::gameNow(),
                new \DateTime('9999-12-31'),
                []
            );
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ class CheckOwner extends \sammo\BaseAPI
                $src,
                $dest,
                "소유자명이 누군가에 의해 확인되었습니다.",
-                new \DateTime(),
+                Message::gameNow(),
                new \DateTime('9999-12-31'),
                []
            );
@@ -64,13 +64,11 @@ class ResetTurnTime extends \sammo\BaseAPI
        $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
        $turnTerm = $gameStor->getValue('turnterm');
        $currTurnTime = new DateTimeImmutable($general->getTurnTime());
        $rng = new RandUtil(new LiteHashDRBG(Util::simpleSerialize(
            UniqueConst::$hiddenSeed,
            'ResetTurnTime',
            $userID,
-            $general->getAuxVar('nextTurnTimeBase') ?? $general->getTurnTime()
+            $general->getAuxVar('nextTurnTimeBase') ?? $general->getTurnTick()
        )));
        $afterTurn = $rng->nextFloat1() * $turnTerm * 60;
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ class SendMessage extends \sammo\BaseAPI
  private function genPublicMessage(MessageTarget $src, string $text): Message
  {
-    $now = new \DateTime();
+    $now = Message::gameNow();
    $unlimited = new \DateTime('9999-12-31');
    $msg = new Message(
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ class SendMessage extends \sammo\BaseAPI
  private function genNationalMessage(MessageTarget $src, string $text): Message
  {
-    $now = new \DateTime();
+    $now = Message::gameNow();
    $unlimited = new \DateTime('9999-12-31');
    $dest = new MessageTarget(0, '', $src->nationID, $src->nationName, $src->color);
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ class SendMessage extends \sammo\BaseAPI
  private function genDiplomacyMessage(MessageTarget $src, int $destNationID, string $text): Message|string
  {
-    $now = new \DateTime();
+    $now = Message::gameNow();
    $unlimited = new \DateTime('9999-12-31');
    $destNation = getNationStaticInfo($destNationID);
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ class SendMessage extends \sammo\BaseAPI
  private function genPrivateMessage(MessageTarget $src, int $destGeneralID, int $permission, string $text): Message|string
  {
-    $now = new \DateTime();
+    $now = Message::gameNow();
    $unlimited = new \DateTime('9999-12-31');
    $db = DB::db();
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ use sammo\Enums\APIRecoveryType;
 use sammo\Enums\GeneralLiteQueryMode;
 use sammo\Enums\GeneralQueryMode;
 use sammo\General;
 use sammo\GameClock;
 use sammo\GeneralLite;
 use sammo\Session;
 use sammo\Util;
@@ -264,8 +265,11 @@ class GeneralList extends \sammo\BaseAPI
            'honorText' => fn ($rawGeneral) => getHonor($rawGeneral['experience']),
            'dedLevelText' => fn ($rawGeneral) => getDedLevelText($rawGeneral['dedlevel']),
            //'0000-00-00 11:23';
-            'turntime' => fn ($rawGeneral) => substr($rawGeneral['turntime'], 0, 19),
+            'turntime' => fn ($rawGeneral) => GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor)
-            'recent_war' => fn ($rawGeneral) => substr($rawGeneral['recent_war'], 0, 19),
+                ->formatTick(Util::toInt($rawGeneral['turntime'])),
            'recent_war' => fn ($rawGeneral) => $rawGeneral['recent_war'] === null
                ? null
                : GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor)->formatTick(Util::toInt($rawGeneral['recent_war'])),
            'bill' => fn ($rawGeneral) => getBillByLevel($rawGeneral['dedlevel']),
            'reservedCommand' => fn ($rawGeneral) => $reservedCommand[$rawGeneral['no']] ?? null,
            'autorun_limit' => fn ($rawGeneral) => ($rawGeneral['aux'] ?? [])['autorun_limit'] ?? 0,
@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ use sammo\Session;
 use DateTimeInterface;
 use sammo\DB;
 use sammo\Enums\APIRecoveryType;
 use sammo\GameClock;
 use sammo\KVStorage;
 use sammo\TimeUtil;
 use sammo\Validator;
 use sammo\WebUtil;
@@ -51,8 +51,9 @@ class SetNotice extends \sammo\BaseAPI
        $nationID = $me['nation'];
        $nationStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, $nationID, 'nation_env');
        $gameNow = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'))->formatNow();
        $nationStor->nationNotice = [
-            'date'=>TimeUtil::now(),
+            'date'=>$gameNow,
            'msg'=>WebUtil::htmlPurify($msg),
            'author'=>$me['name'],
            'authorID'=>$me['no'],
@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ use sammo\DB;
 use sammo\Enums\APIRecoveryType;
 use sammo\Enums\GeneralQueryMode;
 use sammo\GameConst;
 use sammo\GameClock;
 use sammo\General;
 use sammo\Json;
 use sammo\KVStorage;
 use sammo\TimeUtil;
 use sammo\Util;
 use function sammo\checkLimit;
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ class GetReservedCommand extends \sammo\BaseAPI
        increaseRefresh("사령부", 1);
        $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
        $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
        $userID = $session->userID;
        $me = $db->queryFirstRow(
@@ -51,7 +52,8 @@ class GetReservedCommand extends \sammo\BaseAPI
        $nationID = $me['nation'];
        $limitState = checkLimit($me['refresh_score']);
        if ($limitState >= 2) {
-            return "접속 제한중입니다. 1턴 이내에 너무 많은 갱신을 하셨습니다. (다음 갱신 가능 시각 : {$me['turntime']})";
+            $limitTime = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor)->formatTick(Util::toInt($me['turntime']), true);
            return "접속 제한중입니다. 1턴 이내에 너무 많은 갱신을 하셨습니다. (다음 갱신 가능 시각 : {$limitTime})";
        }
        $permission = checkSecretPermission($me);
@@ -156,7 +158,8 @@ class GetReservedCommand extends \sammo\BaseAPI
            'year' => $year,
            'month' => $month,
            'turnTerm' => $turnTerm,
-            'date' => TimeUtil::now(true),
+            'date' => $clock->formatTick($clock->nowTick(), true),
            'clockMode' => $clock->getMode(),
            'chiefList' => $nationChiefList,
            'troopList' => $troopList,
            'isChief' => ($me['officer_level'] > 4),
@@ -10,8 +10,9 @@ use sammo\Enums\GeneralLiteQueryMode;
 use sammo\Enums\GeneralQueryMode;
 use sammo\General;
 use sammo\GeneralLite;
 use sammo\GameClock;
 use sammo\KVStorage;
 use sammo\Session;
 use sammo\TimeUtil;
 use sammo\Validator;
 class AddComment extends \sammo\BaseAPI
@@ -47,7 +48,8 @@ class AddComment extends \sammo\BaseAPI
    $generalName = $general->getName();
    $nationID = $general->getNationID();
    $nationName = $general->getStaticNation()['name'];
-    $date = TimeUtil::now();
+    $db = DB::db();
    $date = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'))->formatNow();
    $comment = new VoteComment(
@@ -61,7 +63,6 @@ class AddComment extends \sammo\BaseAPI
      date: $date
    );
    $db = DB::db();
    $db->insert('vote_comment', $comment->toArray());
    return null;
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ use sammo\DB;
 use sammo\DTO\VoteComment;
 use sammo\DTO\VoteInfo;
 use sammo\Enums\APIRecoveryType;
 use sammo\GameClock;
 use sammo\Json;
 use sammo\KVStorage;
 use sammo\Validator;
@@ -35,13 +36,16 @@ class GetVoteDetail extends \sammo\BaseAPI
  {
    $voteID = $this->args['voteID'];
    $db = DB::db();
    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'));
    $voteStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'vote');
    $rawVote = $voteStor->getValue("vote_{$voteID}");
    if (!$rawVote) {
      return '설문조사가 없습니다.';
    }
-    $voteInfo = VoteInfo::fromArray($rawVote);
+    $rawVote = VoteInfo::normalizeGameStorage($rawVote, $clock);
    $voteInfo = VoteInfo::fromGameStorage($rawVote, $clock);
    $isOpen = $rawVote['endTick'] === null || $rawVote['endTick'] >= $clock->nowTick();
    $votes = array_map(fn ($arr) => [Json::decode($arr[0]), $arr[1]], $db->queryAllLists(
@@ -70,6 +74,7 @@ class GetVoteDetail extends \sammo\BaseAPI
      'comments' => $comments,
      'myVote' => $myVote,
      'userCnt' => $userCnt,
      'isOpen' => $isOpen,
    ];
  }
 }
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ use DateTimeInterface;
 use sammo\DB;
 use sammo\DTO\VoteInfo;
 use sammo\Enums\APIRecoveryType;
 use sammo\GameClock;
 use sammo\KVStorage;
 use sammo\Session;
@@ -25,16 +26,17 @@ class GetVoteList extends \sammo\BaseAPI
  public function launch(Session $session, ?DateTimeInterface $modifiedSince, ?string $reqEtag): null | string | array | APIRecoveryType
  {
    $db = DB::db();
    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'));
    $voteStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'vote');
    $votes = [];
    foreach($voteStor->getAll() as $voteKey => $rawVote){
-      if(!str_starts_with($voteKey, 'vote_')){
+      if(preg_match('/^vote_(\d+)$/D', $voteKey, $matches) !== 1){
        continue;
      }
-      $voteID = (int)substr($voteKey, 5);
+      $voteID = (int)$matches[1];
-      $votes[$voteID] = VoteInfo::fromArray($rawVote);
+      $votes[$voteID] = VoteInfo::fromGameStorage($rawVote, $clock);
    }
    return [
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use sammo\Enums\APIRecoveryType;
 use sammo\KVStorage;
 use sammo\RootDB;
 use sammo\Session;
-use sammo\TimeUtil;
+use sammo\GameClock;
 use sammo\Util;
 use sammo\Validator;
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ class NewVote extends \sammo\BaseAPI
        return null;
    }
-    function closeOldVote(int $voteID, KVStorage $voteStor)
+    function closeOldVote(int $voteID, KVStorage $voteStor, GameClock $clock)
    {
        $db = DB::db();
        $voteStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'vote');
@@ -45,13 +45,14 @@ class NewVote extends \sammo\BaseAPI
        if (!$rawLastVoteInfo) {
            return;
        }
-        $lastVoteInfo = VoteInfo::fromArray($rawLastVoteInfo);
+        $rawLastVoteInfo = VoteInfo::normalizeGameStorage($rawLastVoteInfo, $clock);
-        if ($lastVoteInfo->endDate) {
+        if ($rawLastVoteInfo['endTick'] !== null) {
            return;
        }
-        $lastVoteInfo->endDate = TimeUtil::now();
+        $rawLastVoteInfo['endTick'] = $clock->nowTick();
-        $voteStor->setValue("vote_{$voteID}", $lastVoteInfo->toArray());
+        $rawLastVoteInfo['endDate'] = $clock->formatTick($rawLastVoteInfo['endTick']);
        $voteStor->setValue("vote_{$voteID}", $rawLastVoteInfo);
    }
    function launch(Session $session, ?DateTimeInterface $modifiedSince, ?string $reqEtag): null | string | array | APIRecoveryType
@@ -71,7 +72,11 @@ class NewVote extends \sammo\BaseAPI
            $multipleOptions = 0;
        }
-        $now = TimeUtil::now();
+        $db = DB::db();
        $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
        $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
        $nowTick = $clock->nowTick();
        $now = $clock->formatTick($nowTick);
        /** @var ?string */
        $endDate = $this->args['endDate'] ?? null;
        /** @var string[] */
@@ -83,9 +88,9 @@ class NewVote extends \sammo\BaseAPI
        if($endDate !== null){
            try{
                $oNow = new \DateTimeImmutable($now);
                $oEndDate = new \DateTimeImmutable($endDate);
-                if($oEndDate < $oNow){
+                $endTick = $clock->dateTimeToTick($oEndDate);
                if($endTick < $nowTick){
                    return '종료일이 이미 지났습니다.';
                }
            }
@@ -96,17 +101,13 @@ class NewVote extends \sammo\BaseAPI
        $userName = $session->userName;
        $db = DB::db();
        $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
        $lastVote = $gameStor->getValue('lastVote') ?? 0;
        $voteID = $lastVote + 1;
        $voteStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'vote');
        if (!($this->args['keepOldVote'] ?? false)) {
-            $this->closeOldVote($lastVote, $voteStor);
+            $this->closeOldVote($lastVote, $voteStor, $clock);
        }
        $multipleOptions = Util::valueFit($multipleOptions, 0, count($options));
@@ -122,7 +123,10 @@ class NewVote extends \sammo\BaseAPI
            options: $options,
        );
-        $voteStor->setValue("vote_{$voteID}", $voteInfo->toArray());
+        $voteStor->setValue("vote_{$voteID}", $voteInfo->toArray() + [
            'startTick' => $nowTick,
            'endTick' => $endDate === null ? null : $clock->dateTimeToTick(new \DateTimeImmutable($endDate)),
        ]);
        $gameStor->setValue('lastVote', $voteID);
        $db->update('general', [
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ use sammo\DTO\VoteInfo;
 use sammo\Enums\APIRecoveryType;
 use sammo\Enums\GeneralQueryMode;
 use sammo\General;
 use sammo\GameClock;
 use sammo\Json;
 use sammo\KVStorage;
 use sammo\LiteHashDRBG;
@@ -54,15 +55,17 @@ class Vote extends \sammo\BaseAPI
            return '선택한 항목이 없습니다.';
        }
        $db = DB::db();
        $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'));
        $voteStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'vote');
        $rawVoteInfo = $voteStor->getValue("vote_{$voteID}");
        if (!$rawVoteInfo) {
            return '설문조사가 없습니다.';
        }
-        $voteInfo = VoteInfo::fromArray($rawVoteInfo);
+        $rawVoteInfo = VoteInfo::normalizeGameStorage($rawVoteInfo, $clock);
        $voteInfo = VoteInfo::fromGameStorage($rawVoteInfo, $clock);
-        if ($voteInfo->endDate && $voteInfo->endDate < new \DateTimeImmutable()) {
+        if ($rawVoteInfo['endTick'] !== null && $rawVoteInfo['endTick'] < $clock->nowTick()) {
            return '설문조사가 종료되었습니다.';
        }
@@ -30,8 +30,9 @@ abstract class AbsFromUserPool extends AbsGeneralPool{
    }
    static public function pickGeneralFromPool(\MeekroDB $db, RandUtil $rng, int $owner, int $pickCnt, ?string $prefix=null):array{
-        $oNow = new \DateTimeImmutable();
+        $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
-        $now = $oNow->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');
+        $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
        $now = $clock->nowTick();
        $db->update('select_pool', [
            'reserved_until'=>null,
@@ -48,9 +49,8 @@ abstract class AbsFromUserPool extends AbsGeneralPool{
            throw new \RuntimeException('pool 부족');
        }
-        $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
+        $result = [];
-        $result = [];
+        $validUntil = $now + GameClock::TICKS_PER_TURN * 2;
        $validUntil = TimeUtil::nowAddMinutes(2 * $gameStor->turnterm);
        while(count($result) < $pickCnt){
            $cand = $rng->choiceUsingWeightPair($pool);
            $poolID = $cand['id'];
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ abstract class AbsGeneralPool{
     * specialWar
     */
-    public function __construct(\MeekroDB $db, RandUtil $rng, array $info, string $validUntil)
+    public function __construct(\MeekroDB $db, RandUtil $rng, array $info, int $validUntil)
    {
        $this->db = $db;
        $this->info = $info;
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ abstract class AbsGeneralPool{
        return $this->builder;
    }
-    public function getValidUntil():string{
+    public function getValidUntil():int{
        return $this->validUntil;
    }
@@ -109,4 +109,4 @@ abstract class AbsGeneralPool{
    abstract public static function getPoolName():string;
    abstract public static function initPool(\MeekroDB $db);
-}
+}
@@ -146,40 +146,35 @@ abstract class Auction
    return $this->info;
  }
-  public function shrinkCloseDate(?DateTimeInterface $date): ?string
+  public function shrinkCloseTick(?int $tick): ?string
  {
    if ($date === null) {
      $date = new DateTimeImmutable();
    }
    $this->info->closeDate = $date;
    $db = DB::db();
    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'));
    $this->info->closeTick = $tick ?? $clock->nowTick();
    $db->update('ng_auction', $this->info->toArray('id'), 'id = %i', $this->info->id);
    return null;
  }
-  public function extendLatestBidCloseDate(?DateTimeInterface $date): ?string
+  public function extendLatestBidCloseTick(?int $tick): ?string
  {
-    if ($date === null) {
+    if ($tick === null) {
      $db = DB::db();
      $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
      $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
      $turnTerm = $gameStor->getValue('turnterm');
-      $date = $this->info->closeDate->add(TimeUtil::secondsToDateInterval(
+      $tick = $this->info->closeTick + $clock->ticksFromMinutes(
-        max(static::MIN_EXTENSION_MINUTES_PER_BID, $turnTerm * static::COEFF_EXTENSION_MINUTES_PER_BID) * 60
+        max(static::MIN_EXTENSION_MINUTES_PER_BID, $turnTerm * static::COEFF_EXTENSION_MINUTES_PER_BID)
-      ));
+      );
    }
-    else{
+    if ($this->info->detail->availableLatestBidCloseTick !== null && $tick < $this->info->detail->availableLatestBidCloseTick) {
      $date = DateTimeImmutable::createFromInterface($date);
    }
    if ($this->info->detail->availableLatestBidCloseDate !== null && $date < $this->info->detail->availableLatestBidCloseDate) {
      return '기간보다 짧습니다.';
    }
-    $this->info->detail->availableLatestBidCloseDate = $date;
+    $this->info->detail->availableLatestBidCloseTick = $tick;
    return null;
  }
-  public function extendCloseDate(DateTimeInterface $date, bool $force = false): ?string
+  public function extendCloseTick(int $tick, bool $force = false): ?string
  {
    if (!$force) {
      if ($this->info->detail->remainCloseDateExtensionCnt === null) {
@@ -193,12 +188,11 @@ abstract class Auction
      }
    }
-    if ($date < $this->info->closeDate) {
+    if ($tick < $this->info->closeTick) {
      return '종료 기간보다 짧습니다.';
    }
-    $closeDate = DateTimeImmutable::createFromInterface($date);
+    $this->info->closeTick = $tick;
    $this->info->closeDate = $closeDate;
    return null;
  }
@@ -245,12 +239,13 @@ abstract class Auction
    //TODO: 전역 알림이 나타나야한다. 일반 메시지보다는 중요하고, 메시지보단 약하게..
    //TODO: 바로가기를 제공하는 편이 좋을 것 같다.
    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'));
    $msg = new Message(
      MessageType::private,
      $src,
      $dest,
      $reason,
-      new DateTime(),
+      DateTime::createFromImmutable($clock->tickToDateTime($clock->nowTick())),
      new DateTime('9999-12-31'),
      []
    );
@@ -275,7 +270,12 @@ abstract class Auction
    $db->update('ng_auction', $this->info->toArray('id'), 'id = %i', $this->info->id);
  }
-  private function bidInheritPoint(int $amount, \DateTimeImmutable $now, bool $tryExtendCloseDate): ?string
+  private function bidInheritPoint(
    int $amount,
    int $nowTick,
    \DateTimeImmutable $nowDate,
    bool $tryExtendCloseDate,
  ): ?string
  {
    $db = DB::db();
@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ abstract class Auction
      $general->getVar('owner'),
      $general->getID(),
      $amount,
-      $now,
+      $nowDate,
      new AuctionBidItemData(
        $general->getVar('owner_name'),
        $obfuscatedName,
@@ -324,15 +324,16 @@ abstract class Auction
    }
    $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
    $turnTerm = $gameStor->getValue('turnterm');
-    if ($this->info->detail->availableLatestBidCloseDate !== null) {
+    if ($this->info->detail->availableLatestBidCloseTick !== null) {
-      $extendedCloseDate = $now->add(TimeUtil::secondsToDateInterval(
+      $extendedCloseTick = $nowTick + $clock->ticksFromMinutes(
-        max(static::MIN_EXTENSION_MINUTES_PER_BID, $turnTerm * static::COEFF_EXTENSION_MINUTES_PER_BID) * 60
+        max(static::MIN_EXTENSION_MINUTES_PER_BID, $turnTerm * static::COEFF_EXTENSION_MINUTES_PER_BID)
-      ));
+      );
-      if ($extendedCloseDate > $this->info->closeDate && $this->info->closeDate < $this->info->detail->availableLatestBidCloseDate) {
+      if ($extendedCloseTick > $this->info->closeTick && $this->info->closeTick < $this->info->detail->availableLatestBidCloseTick) {
-        $this->extendCloseDate(min($extendedCloseDate, $this->info->detail->availableLatestBidCloseDate), true);
+        $this->extendCloseTick(min($extendedCloseTick, $this->info->detail->availableLatestBidCloseTick), true);
        $this->applyDB();
      }
    }
@@ -356,12 +357,16 @@ abstract class Auction
      return '경매가 이미 끝났습니다.';
    }
-    $now = new \DateTimeImmutable();
+    $db = DB::db();
    $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
    $nowTick = $clock->nowTick();
    $nowDate = $clock->tickToDateTime($nowTick);
-    if ($auctionInfo->closeDate < $now) {
+    if ($auctionInfo->closeTick < $nowTick) {
      return '경매가 이미 끝났습니다.';
    }
-    if ($auctionInfo->openDate > $now) {
+    if ($auctionInfo->openTick > $nowTick) {
      return '경매가 아직 시작되지 않았습니다.';
    }
@@ -377,13 +382,11 @@ abstract class Auction
    if ($auctionInfo->reqResource === ResourceType::inheritancePoint) {
-      return $this->bidInheritPoint($amount, $now, $tryExtendCloseDate);
+      return $this->bidInheritPoint($amount, $nowTick, $nowDate, $tryExtendCloseDate);
    }
    //reqResource는 말 그대로 '구매자가 내야하는 자원'이다.
    $db = DB::db();
    $highestBid = $this->getHighestBid();
    if (!$auctionInfo->detail->isReverse) {
      if ($highestBid !== null && $amount <= $highestBid->amount) {
@@ -421,7 +424,7 @@ abstract class Auction
      $general->getVar('owner'),
      $general->getID(),
      $amount,
-      $now,
+      $nowDate,
      new AuctionBidItemData(
        $general->getVar('owner_name'),
        $general->getName(),
@@ -436,14 +439,13 @@ abstract class Auction
    $general->increaseVar($resType->value, -$morePoint);
    $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
    $turnTerm = $gameStor->getValue('turnterm');
-    $extendedCloseDate = $now->add(TimeUtil::secondsToDateInterval(
+    $extendedCloseTick = $nowTick + $clock->ticksFromMinutes(
-      max(static::MIN_EXTENSION_MINUTES_PER_BID, $turnTerm * static::COEFF_EXTENSION_MINUTES_PER_BID) * 60
+      max(static::MIN_EXTENSION_MINUTES_PER_BID, $turnTerm * static::COEFF_EXTENSION_MINUTES_PER_BID)
-    ));
+    );
-    if ($extendedCloseDate > $this->info->closeDate) {
+    if ($extendedCloseTick > $this->info->closeTick) {
-      $this->extendCloseDate($extendedCloseDate, true);
+      $this->extendCloseTick($extendedCloseTick, true);
      $this->applyDB();
    }
@@ -456,10 +458,10 @@ abstract class Auction
  public function tryFinish(): ?bool
  {
-    $now = new DateTimeImmutable();
+    $db = DB::db();
-    if ($now < $this->info->closeDate) {
+    $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
-      return null;
+    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
-    }
+    if ($clock->nowTick() < $this->info->closeTick) return null;
    //경매를 닫아야한다.
    $highestBid = $this->getHighestBid();
@@ -469,17 +471,15 @@ abstract class Auction
    }
    if ($highestBid->aux->tryExtendCloseDate) {
      $db = DB::db();
      $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
      $turnTerm = $gameStor->getValue('turnterm');
      //연장 요청이 있었다.
-      $extendedCloseDate = $this->info->closeDate->add(TimeUtil::secondsToDateInterval(
+      $extendedCloseTick = $this->info->closeTick + $clock->ticksFromMinutes(
-        max(static::MIN_EXTENSION_MINUTES_BY_EXTENSION_QUERY, $turnTerm * static::COEFF_EXTENSION_MINUTES_BY_EXTENSION_QUERY) * 60
+        max(static::MIN_EXTENSION_MINUTES_BY_EXTENSION_QUERY, $turnTerm * static::COEFF_EXTENSION_MINUTES_BY_EXTENSION_QUERY)
-      ));
+      );
-      if ($this->extendCloseDate($extendedCloseDate) === null) {
+      if ($this->extendCloseTick($extendedCloseTick) === null) {
-        $this->extendLatestBidCloseDate(null);
+        $this->extendLatestBidCloseTick(null);
        $this->applyDB();
        return false;
      }
@@ -509,12 +509,13 @@ abstract class Auction
    //TODO: 전역 알림이 나타나야한다. 일반 메시지보다는 중요하고, 메시지보단 약하게..
    //TODO: 바로가기를 제공하는 편이 좋을 것 같다.
    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'));
    $msg = new Message(
      MessageType::private,
      $src,
      $dest,
      $failReason,
-      new \DateTime(),
+      DateTime::createFromImmutable($clock->tickToDateTime($clock->nowTick())),
      new \DateTime('9999-12-31'),
      []
    );
@@ -56,10 +56,11 @@ abstract class AuctionBasicResource extends Auction
    }
    $now = new \DateTimeImmutable();
    $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
    $nowTick = $clock->nowTick();
    $turnTerm = $gameStor->getValue('turnterm');
-    $closeDate = $now->add(TimeUtil::secondsToDateInterval($closeTurnCnt * $turnTerm * 60));
+    $closeTick = $nowTick + GameClock::TICKS_PER_TURN * $closeTurnCnt;
    $openResult = static::openAuction(new AuctionInfo(
      null,
@@ -68,8 +69,8 @@ abstract class AuctionBasicResource extends Auction
      "$amount",
      $general->getId(),
      $bidderRes,
-      $now,
+      $nowTick,
-      $closeDate,
+      $closeTick,
      new AuctionInfoDetail(
        "{$hostResName} {$amount} 경매",
        $general->getName(),
@@ -145,12 +146,13 @@ abstract class AuctionBasicResource extends Auction
    //TODO: 전역 알림이 나타나야한다. 일반 메시지보다는 중요하고, 메시지보단 약하게..
    //TODO: 바로가기를 제공하는 편이 좋을 것 같다.
    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage(DB::db(), 'game_env'));
    $msg = new Message(
      MessageType::private,
      $src,
      $dest,
      "{$this->auctionID}번 {$hostResName} 경매에 입찰이 없어 취소되었습니다.",
-      new \DateTime(),
+      \DateTime::createFromImmutable($clock->tickToDateTime($clock->nowTick())),
      new \DateTime('9999-12-31'),
      []
    );
@@ -246,8 +248,8 @@ abstract class AuctionBasicResource extends Auction
      $db = DB::db();
      $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
      $turnTerm = $gameStor->getValue('turnterm');
-      $date = (new DateTimeImmutable())->add(TimeUtil::secondsToDateInterval($turnTerm * 60));
+      $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
-      $this->shrinkCloseDate($date);
+      $this->shrinkCloseTick($clock->nowTick() + GameClock::TICKS_PER_TURN);
    }
    return null;
@@ -72,16 +72,15 @@ class AuctionUniqueItem extends Auction
    $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
    $now = new DateTimeImmutable();
    [$turnTerm, $year, $month] = $gameStor->getValuesAsArray(['turnterm', 'year', 'month']);
-
+    $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
-    $closeDate = $now->add(TimeUtil::secondsToDateInterval(
+    $nowTick = $clock->nowTick();
-      max(static::MIN_AUCTION_CLOSE_MINUTES, $turnTerm * static::COEFF_AUCTION_CLOSE_MINUTES) * 60
+    $closeTick = $nowTick + $clock->ticksFromMinutes(
-    ));
+      max(static::MIN_AUCTION_CLOSE_MINUTES, $turnTerm * static::COEFF_AUCTION_CLOSE_MINUTES)
-    $availableLatestBidCloseDate = $closeDate->add(TimeUtil::secondsToDateInterval(
+    );
-      max(static::MIN_EXTENSION_MINUTES_LIMIT_BY_BID, $turnTerm * static::COEFF_EXTENSION_MINUTES_LIMIT_BY_BID) * 60
+    $availableLatestBidCloseTick = $closeTick + $clock->ticksFromMinutes(
-    ));
+      max(static::MIN_EXTENSION_MINUTES_LIMIT_BY_BID, $turnTerm * static::COEFF_EXTENSION_MINUTES_LIMIT_BY_BID)
    );
    $info = new AuctionInfo(
      null,
@@ -90,8 +89,8 @@ class AuctionUniqueItem extends Auction
      $itemKey,
      $general->getID(),
      ResourceType::inheritancePoint,
-      $now,
+      $nowTick,
-      $closeDate,
+      $closeTick,
      new AuctionInfoDetail(
        "{$item->getName()} 경매",
        static::genObfuscatedName($general->getID()),
@@ -100,7 +99,7 @@ class AuctionUniqueItem extends Auction
        $startAmount,
        null,
        1,
-        $availableLatestBidCloseDate,
+        $availableLatestBidCloseTick,
      )
    );
@@ -267,21 +266,22 @@ class AuctionUniqueItem extends Auction
    if ($availableEquipUniqueCnt <= 0) {
      $turnTerm = $gameStor->getValue('turnterm');
      $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
      //제한에 걸렸다면 자동 연장
-      $extendedCloseDate = $this->info->closeDate->add(TimeUtil::secondsToDateInterval(
+      $extendedCloseTick = $this->info->closeTick + $clock->ticksFromMinutes(
-        max(static::MIN_EXTENSION_MINUTES_BY_EXTENSION_QUERY, $turnTerm * static::COEFF_EXTENSION_MINUTES_LIMIT_UNIQUE_CNT) * 60
+        max(static::MIN_EXTENSION_MINUTES_BY_EXTENSION_QUERY, $turnTerm * static::COEFF_EXTENSION_MINUTES_LIMIT_UNIQUE_CNT)
-      ));
+      );
      if($bidder->getID() != $this->info->hostGeneralID){
        $this->setHostAsNeutral();
      }
-      $this->extendCloseDate($extendedCloseDate, true);
+      $this->extendCloseTick($extendedCloseTick, true);
-      $this->extendLatestBidCloseDate(null);
+      $this->extendLatestBidCloseTick(null);
      $this->applyDB();
      return '유니크 아이템 소유 제한 상태입니다. 종료 시간이 연장됩니다.';
    }
-    $isExtendCloseDateRequired = false;
+    $isExtendCloseTickRequired = false;
    foreach (GameConst::$allItems as $itemType => $itemList) {
      //아직은 그런 경우는 없지만 동일 유니크를 여러 부위에 장착할 수 있을지도 모름
      if (!key_exists($itemKey, $itemList)) {
@@ -291,13 +291,13 @@ class AuctionUniqueItem extends Auction
      $ownItem = $general->getItem($itemType);
      if ($ownItem->getRawClassName() == $itemKey) {
        //FIXME: 이 경우에는 환불이 되던가 해야함.
-        $isExtendCloseDateRequired = true;
+        $isExtendCloseTickRequired = true;
        $reasons[] = '이미 그 유니크를 가지고 있습니다.';
        continue;
      }
      if (!$ownItem->isBuyable()) {
-        $isExtendCloseDateRequired = true;
+        $isExtendCloseTickRequired = true;
        $reasons[] = '이미 다른 유니크를 가지고 있습니다.';
        continue;
      }
@@ -313,18 +313,19 @@ class AuctionUniqueItem extends Auction
    }
    if (!$availableItemTypes) {
-      if ($isExtendCloseDateRequired) {
+      if ($isExtendCloseTickRequired) {
        $turnTerm = $gameStor->getValue('turnterm');
        $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
        //동일 부위 제한에 걸렸다면 자동 연장
-        $extendedCloseDate = $this->info->closeDate->add(TimeUtil::secondsToDateInterval(
+        $extendedCloseTick = $this->info->closeTick + $clock->ticksFromMinutes(
-          max(static::MIN_EXTENSION_MINUTES_LIMIT_BY_BID, $turnTerm * static::COEFF_EXTENSION_MINUTES_LIMIT_BY_BID) * 60
+          max(static::MIN_EXTENSION_MINUTES_LIMIT_BY_BID, $turnTerm * static::COEFF_EXTENSION_MINUTES_LIMIT_BY_BID)
-        ));
+        );
        if($bidder->getID() != $this->info->hostGeneralID){
          $this->setHostAsNeutral();
        }
-        $this->extendCloseDate($extendedCloseDate, true);
+        $this->extendCloseTick($extendedCloseTick, true);
-        $this->extendLatestBidCloseDate(null);
+        $this->extendLatestBidCloseTick(null);
        $this->applyDB();
      }
      return join(' ', $reasons);
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ class che_몰수 extends Command\NationCommand
                $src,
                $src,
                $text,
-                new \DateTime(),
+                Message::gameNow(),
                new \DateTime('9999-12-31'),
                []
            );
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ class che_발령 extends Command\NationCommand
        $destGeneral->getLogger()->pushGeneralActionLog("<Y>{$generalName}</>에 의해 <G><b>{$destCityName}</b></>{$josaRo} 발령됐습니다. <1>$date</>");
        $yearMonth = Util::joinYearMonth($this->env['year'], $this->env['month']);
-        if (cutTurn($general->getTurnTime(), $this->env['turnterm']) != cutTurn($destGeneral->getTurnTime(), $this->env['turnterm'])) {
+        if (cutTurn($general->getTurnTick(), $this->env['turnterm']) != cutTurn($destGeneral->getTurnTick(), $this->env['turnterm'])) {
            $yearMonth += 1;
        }
        $destGeneral->setAuxVar('last발령', $yearMonth);
@@ -198,8 +198,9 @@ class che_불가침제의 extends Command\NationCommand
            $destNation['color']
        );
-        $now = new \DateTime($date);
+        $clock = \sammo\GameClock::fromStorage(\sammo\KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'));
-        $validUntil = new \DateTime($date);
+        $now = \DateTime::createFromImmutable($clock->tickToDateTime($general->getTurnTick()));
        $validUntil = clone $now;
        $validMinutes = max(30, $env['turnterm'] * 3);
        $validUntil->add(new \DateInterval("PT{$validMinutes}M"));
@@ -147,8 +147,9 @@ class che_불가침파기제의 extends Command\NationCommand{
            $destNation['color']
        );
-        $now = new \DateTime($date);
+        $clock = \sammo\GameClock::fromStorage(\sammo\KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'));
-        $validUntil = new \DateTime($date);
+        $now = \DateTime::createFromImmutable($clock->tickToDateTime($general->getTurnTick()));
        $validUntil = clone $now;
        $validMinutes = max(30, $env['turnterm']*3);
        $validUntil->add(new \DateInterval("PT{$validMinutes}M"));
@@ -217,4 +218,4 @@ class che_불가침파기제의 extends Command\NationCommand{
            ],
        ];
    }
-}
+}
@@ -145,8 +145,9 @@ class che_종전제의 extends Command\NationCommand{
            $destNation['color']
        );
-        $now = new \DateTime($date);
+        $clock = \sammo\GameClock::fromStorage(\sammo\KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'));
-        $validUntil = new \DateTime($date);
+        $now = \DateTime::createFromImmutable($clock->tickToDateTime($general->getTurnTick()));
        $validUntil = clone $now;
        $validMinutes = max(30, $env['turnterm']*3);
        $validUntil->add(new \DateInterval("PT{$validMinutes}M"));
@@ -203,4 +204,4 @@ class che_종전제의 extends Command\NationCommand{
            ],
        ];
    }
-}
+}
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ class che_천도 extends Command\NationCommand
        $nationID = $general->getNationID();
        $nationStor = \sammo\KVStorage::getStorage(DB::db(), $nationID, 'nation_env');
-        $nationStor->last천도Trial = [$general->getVar('officer_level'), $general->getTurnTime()];
+        $nationStor->last천도Trial = [$general->getVar('officer_level'), $general->getTurnTick()];
        if ($lastTurn->getCommand() != $commandName || $lastTurn->getArg() !== $this->arg) {
            $this->setResultTurn(new LastTurn(
@@ -2,11 +2,9 @@
 namespace sammo\DTO;
 use LDTO\Attr\Convert;
 use LDTO\Attr\JsonString;
 use LDTO\Attr\NullIsUndefined;
 use LDTO\Attr\RawName;
 use LDTO\Converter\DateTimeConverter;
 use sammo\Enums\AuctionType;
 use sammo\Enums\ResourceType;
@@ -23,12 +21,10 @@ class AuctionInfo extends \LDTO\DTO
 		#[RawName('req_resource')]
 		public ResourceType $reqResource,
-		#[RawName('open_date')]
+		#[RawName('open_tick')]
-		#[Convert(DateTimeConverter::class)]
+		public int $openTick,
-		public \DateTimeImmutable $openDate,
+		#[RawName('close_tick')]
-		#[RawName('close_date')]
+		public int $closeTick,
 		#[Convert(DateTimeConverter::class)]
 		public \DateTimeImmutable $closeDate,
 		#[JsonString]
 		public AuctionInfoDetail $detail,
@@ -2,9 +2,7 @@
 namespace sammo\DTO;
 use LDTO\Attr\Convert;
 use LDTO\Attr\NullIsUndefined;
 use LDTO\Converter\DateTimeConverter;
 class AuctionInfoDetail extends \LDTO\DTO
 {
@@ -21,8 +19,7 @@ class AuctionInfoDetail extends \LDTO\DTO
 		#[NullIsUndefined]
 		public ?int $remainCloseDateExtensionCnt,
 		#[NullIsUndefined]
-		#[Convert(DateTimeConverter::class)]
+		public ?int $availableLatestBidCloseTick,
 		public ?\DateTimeImmutable $availableLatestBidCloseDate,
 	) {
 	}
 }
@@ -2,10 +2,8 @@
 namespace sammo\DTO;
 use LDTO\Attr\Convert;
 use LDTO\Attr\NullIsUndefined;
 use LDTO\Attr\RawName;
 use LDTO\Converter\DateTimeConverter;
 class GeneralAccessLog extends \LDTO\DTO
 {
@@ -20,8 +18,7 @@ class GeneralAccessLog extends \LDTO\DTO
    public ?int $userID,
    #[RawName('last_refresh')]
-    #[Convert(DateTimeConverter::class)]
+    public ?int $lastRefresh,
    public \DateTimeImmutable $lastRefresh,
    public int $refresh,
@@ -35,4 +32,4 @@ class GeneralAccessLog extends \LDTO\DTO
    public int $refreshScoreTotal,
  ) {
  }
-}
+}
@@ -2,8 +2,41 @@
 namespace sammo\DTO;
 use sammo\GameClock;
 use sammo\Util;
 class VoteInfo extends \LDTO\DTO
 {
  /**
   * 기존 문자열만 가진 vote도 읽되, 저장 경계에서는 반드시 tick을 함께 둡니다.
   *
   * @return array<string,mixed>
   */
  public static function normalizeGameStorage(array $raw, GameClock $clock): array
  {
    if (!array_key_exists('startTick', $raw)) {
      $raw['startTick'] = $clock->dateTimeToTick(new \DateTimeImmutable((string)$raw['startDate']));
    }
    if (!array_key_exists('endTick', $raw)) {
      $raw['endTick'] = ($raw['endDate'] ?? null) === null
        ? null
        : $clock->dateTimeToTick(new \DateTimeImmutable((string)$raw['endDate']));
    }
    $raw['startTick'] = Util::toInt($raw['startTick']);
    $raw['endTick'] = $raw['endTick'] === null ? null : Util::toInt($raw['endTick']);
    $raw['startDate'] = $clock->formatTick($raw['startTick']);
    $raw['endDate'] = $raw['endTick'] === null ? null : $clock->formatTick($raw['endTick']);
    return $raw;
  }
  public static function fromGameStorage(array $raw, GameClock $clock): self
  {
    $raw = self::normalizeGameStorage($raw, $clock);
    unset($raw['startTick'], $raw['endTick']);
    return self::fromArray($raw);
  }
  public function __construct(
    public int $id,
    public string $title,
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ class DiplomaticMessage extends Message{
            $this->validDiplomacy = false;
        }
-        if($this->validUntil < (new \DateTime())){
+        if($this->validUntil < $this->date){
            $this->validDiplomacy = false;
        }
    }
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ class DiplomaticMessage extends Message{
            $this->dest,
            $this->src,
            "【외교】{$year}년 {$month}월: {$this->src->nationName}{$josaYi} {$this->dest->nationName}에게 제안한 {$this->diplomacyDetail}",
-            new \DateTime(),
+            Message::gameNow(),
            new \DateTime('9999-12-31'),
            [
                'delete'=>$this->id,
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ class DiplomaticMessage extends Message{
            $this->dest,
            $this->src,
            "【외교】{$year}년 {$month}월: {$this->src->nationName}{$josaYi} {$this->dest->nationName}에게 제안한 {$this->diplomacyDetail}",
-            new \DateTime(),
+            Message::gameNow(),
            new \DateTime('9999-12-31'),
            [
                'delete'=>$this->id,
@@ -281,4 +281,4 @@ class DiplomaticMessage extends Message{
        return self::DECLINED;
    }
-}
+}
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ class OpenNationBetting extends \sammo\Event\Action
        }
        $logger->flush();
-        $now = new DateTime();
+        $now = Message::gameNow();
        $text = "새로운 {$name} 내기가 열렸습니다. 천통국 베팅란을 확인해주세요.";
        $src = new MessageTarget(0, '', 0, 'System', '#000000');
@@ -281,16 +281,13 @@ class General extends GeneralBase implements iAction
            $this->calcCache[$cacheKey] = $result;
            return $result;
        }
-        $recwar = new \DateTimeImmutable($this->getVar('recent_war'));
+        $tickDiff = Util::toInt($this->getVar('turntime')) - Util::toInt($this->getVar('recent_war'));
-        $turnNow = new \DateTimeImmutable($this->getVar('turntime'));
+        if ($tickDiff <= 0) {
-        $secDiff = TimeUtil::DateIntervalToSeconds($recwar->diff($turnNow));
+            $this->calcCache[$cacheKey] = 0;
-
+            return 0;
-        if ($secDiff <= 0) {
+        }
-            $this->calcCache[$cacheKey] = 0;
+
-            return 0;
+        $result = intdiv($tickDiff, GameClock::TICKS_PER_TURN);
        }
        $result = intdiv(Util::toInt($secDiff), 60 * $turnTerm);
        $this->calcCache[$cacheKey] = $result;
        return $result;
    }
@@ -1045,18 +1042,64 @@ class General extends GeneralBase implements iAction
        /** @var Map<GeneralAccessLog,int>|null */
        $rawAccessLog = null;
        $rankColumnValues = array_map(fn (\BackedEnum $e) => $e->value, $rankColumn);
        if (!$accessLogColumn) {
-            $rawGeneral = $db->queryFirstRow('SELECT %l FROM general WHERE no = %i', Util::formatListOfBackticks($column), $generalID);
+            if ($rankColumn) {
                $rawGeneral = $db->queryFirstRow(
                    'SELECT %l, (
                        SELECT GROUP_CONCAT(
                            CONCAT(`type`, CHAR(61), `value`)
                            ORDER BY `type`
                        )
                        FROM rank_data
                        WHERE rank_data.general_id = general.no
                          AND `type` IN %ls
                    ) AS `_rank_values`
                    FROM general WHERE no = %i',
                    Util::formatListOfBackticks($column),
                    $rankColumnValues,
                    $generalID
                );
            } else {
                $rawGeneral = $db->queryFirstRow(
                    'SELECT %l FROM general WHERE no = %i',
                    Util::formatListOfBackticks($column),
                    $generalID
                );
            }
        } else {
-            $rawGeneral = $db->queryFirstRow(
+            if ($rankColumn) {
-                'SELECT %l, %l FROM `general` LEFT JOIN general_access_log
+                $rawGeneral = $db->queryFirstRow(
-                    ON general.no = general_access_log.general_id WHERE no = %i',
+                    'SELECT %l, %l, (
-                Util::formatListOfBackticks($column),
+                        SELECT GROUP_CONCAT(
-                Util::formatListOfBackticks($accessLogColumn),
+                            CONCAT(`type`, CHAR(61), `value`)
-                $generalID
+                            ORDER BY `type`
-            );
+                        )
                        FROM rank_data
                        WHERE rank_data.general_id = general.no
                          AND `type` IN %ls
                    ) AS `_rank_values`
                    FROM `general` LEFT JOIN general_access_log
                      ON general.no = general_access_log.general_id
                    WHERE no = %i',
                    Util::formatListOfBackticks($column),
                    Util::formatListOfBackticks($accessLogColumn),
                    $rankColumnValues,
                    $generalID
                );
            } else {
                $rawGeneral = $db->queryFirstRow(
                    'SELECT %l, %l FROM `general` LEFT JOIN general_access_log
                      ON general.no = general_access_log.general_id WHERE no = %i',
                    Util::formatListOfBackticks($column),
                    Util::formatListOfBackticks($accessLogColumn),
                    $generalID
                );
            }
        }
        if ($accessLogColumn) {
            $rawAccessLog = new Map();
            foreach ($accessLogColumn as $accessLogKey) {
                if (!key_exists($accessLogKey->value, $rawGeneral)) {
@@ -1076,15 +1119,16 @@ class General extends GeneralBase implements iAction
        $rawRankValues = new Map();
        if ($rankColumn) {
-            $rawValue = $db->queryAllLists(
+            $rawRankPairs = $rawGeneral['_rank_values'];
-                'SELECT `type`, `value` FROM rank_data WHERE general_id = %i AND `type` IN %ls',
+            foreach ($rawRankPairs === null || $rawRankPairs === ''
-                $generalID,
+                ? []
-                array_map(fn (\BackedEnum $e) => $e->value, $rankColumn)
+                : explode(',', $rawRankPairs) as $rawRankPair
-            );
+            ) {
-            foreach ($rawValue as [$rawRankType, $rankValue]) {
+                [$rawRankType, $rankValue] = explode('=', $rawRankPair, 2);
-                $rankType = RankColumn::tryFrom($rawRankType);
+                $rankType = RankColumn::from($rawRankType);
-                $rawRankValues->put($rankType, $rankValue);
+                $rawRankValues->put($rankType, (int) $rankValue);
            }
            unset($rawGeneral['_rank_values']);
        }
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ class GeneralAI
        $this->calcWarRoute();
        $troopCandidate = [];
-        $chiefTurn = cutTurn($this->general->getTurnTime(), $this->env['turnterm']);
+        $chiefTurn = cutTurn($this->general->getTurnTick(), $this->env['turnterm']);
        $yearMonth = Util::joinYearMonth($this->env['year'], $this->env['month']);
        foreach ($this->troopLeaders as $troopLeader) {
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ class GeneralAI
            $last발령 = $troopLeader->getAuxVar('last발령');
            if ($last발령) {
-                $leaderTurn = cutTurn($troopLeader->getTurnTime(), $this->env['turnterm']);
+                $leaderTurn = cutTurn($troopLeader->getTurnTick(), $this->env['turnterm']);
                $compYearMonth = $yearMonth;
                if ($chiefTurn < $leaderTurn) {
                    $compYearMonth += 1;
@@ -405,7 +405,7 @@ class GeneralAI
            return null;
        }
-        $chiefTurn = cutTurn($this->general->getTurnTime(), $this->env['turnterm']);
+        $chiefTurn = cutTurn($this->general->getTurnTick(), $this->env['turnterm']);
        $yearMonth = Util::joinYearMonth($this->env['year'], $this->env['month']);
        $troopCandidate = [];
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ class GeneralAI
            $last발령 = $troopLeader->getAuxVar('last발령');
            if ($last발령) {
-                $leaderTurn = cutTurn($troopLeader->getTurnTime(), $this->env['turnterm']);
+                $leaderTurn = cutTurn($troopLeader->getTurnTick(), $this->env['turnterm']);
                $compYearMonth = $yearMonth;
                if ($chiefTurn < $leaderTurn) {
                    $compYearMonth += 1;
@@ -586,8 +586,8 @@ class GeneralAI
                continue;
            }
-            $generalTurnTime = $userGeneral->getTurnTime();
+            $generalTurnTime = $userGeneral->getTurnTick();
-            $troopTurnTime =  $troopLeader->getTurnTime();
+            $troopTurnTime =  $troopLeader->getTurnTick();
            if ($generalTurnTime < $troopTurnTime) { //NOTE: 어차피 수뇌 턴이 제일 빠르다
                $generalCadidates[$generalID] = $userGeneral;
@@ -782,7 +782,7 @@ class GeneralAI
                if (
                    key_exists($troopLeader->getCityID(), $this->supplyCities) &&
-                    $this->troopLeaders[$troopID]->getTurnTime() < $lostGeneral->getTurnTime()
+                    $this->troopLeaders[$troopID]->getTurnTick() < $lostGeneral->getTurnTick()
                ) {
                    //이미 탈출 가능한 부대를 탔다
                    continue;
@@ -1986,7 +1986,7 @@ class GeneralAI
        if ($lastTurn->getCommand() === '천도' && $lastTurn->getArg()['destCityID'] != $this->nation['capital']) {
            $cmd = buildNationCommandClass('che_천도', $this->general, $this->env, $lastTurn, $lastTurn->getArg());
            if ($cmd->hasFullConditionMet()) {
-                $nationStor->last천도Trial = [$general->getVar('officer_level'), $general->getTurnTime()];
+                $nationStor->last천도Trial = [$general->getVar('officer_level'), $general->getTurnTick()];
                $this->reqUpdateInstance = true;
                return $cmd;
            }
@@ -1995,12 +1995,9 @@ class GeneralAI
        $lastTrial = $nationStor->last천도Trial;
        if ($lastTrial) {
            [$lastTrialLevel, $lastTrialTurnTime] = $lastTrial;
-            $timeDiffSeconds = TimeUtil::DateIntervalToSeconds(
+            $timeDiffTick = abs($general->getTurnTick() - Util::toInt($lastTrialTurnTime));
-                date_create_immutable($lastTrialTurnTime)->diff(
+            if ($timeDiffTick < intdiv(GameClock::TICKS_PER_TURN, 2)
-                    date_create_immutable($general->getTurnTime())
+                && $lastTrialLevel !== $general->getVar('officer_level')) { //0.5Turn
                )
            );
            if ($timeDiffSeconds < $turnTerm * 30 && $lastTrialLevel !== $general->getVar('officer_level')) { //0.5Turn
                return null;
            }
        }
@@ -2109,7 +2106,7 @@ class GeneralAI
        }
-        $nationStor->last천도Trial = [$general->getVar('officer_level'), $general->getTurnTime()];
+        $nationStor->last천도Trial = [$general->getVar('officer_level'), $general->getTurnTick()];
        $this->reqUpdateInstance = true;
        return $cmd;
    }
@@ -3730,7 +3727,7 @@ class GeneralAI
                $src,
                $src,
                $general->getVar('npcmsg'),
-                new \DateTime(),
+                Message::gameNow(),
                new \DateTime('9999-12-31'),
                []
            );
@@ -54,14 +54,24 @@ abstract class GeneralBase
        );
    }
-    function getTurnTime(int $short = self::TURNTIME_FULL_MS): ?string
+    function getTurnTime(int $short = self::TURNTIME_FULL_MS): ?string
-    {
+    {
-        if(!key_exists('turntime', $this->raw)){
+        if(!key_exists('turntime', $this->raw)){
-            return null;
+            return null;
-        }
+        }
-
+
-        return [
+        $rawTurnTime = $this->getVar('turntime');
-            self::TURNTIME_FULL_MS => function ($turntime) {
+        // 비교용 Dummy와 과거 fixture는 문자열을 잠시 허용하되 제품 DB는 tick만 사용합니다.
        if (is_string($rawTurnTime) && !ctype_digit(ltrim($rawTurnTime, '-'))) {
            $formattedTurnTime = $rawTurnTime;
        } else {
            $db = DB::db();
            $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'));
            $formattedTurnTime = $clock->formatTick(Util::toInt($rawTurnTime), true);
        }
        return [
            self::TURNTIME_FULL_MS => function ($turntime) {
                return $turntime;
            },
            self::TURNTIME_FULL => function ($turntime) {
@@ -73,8 +83,21 @@ abstract class GeneralBase
            self::TURNTIME_HM => function ($turntime) {
                return substr($turntime, 11, 5);
            },
-        ][$short]($this->getVar('turntime'));
+        ][$short]($formattedTurnTime);
-    }
+    }
    function getTurnTick(): ?int
    {
        if (!key_exists('turntime', $this->raw)) {
            return null;
        }
        $rawTurnTime = $this->getVar('turntime');
        if (is_string($rawTurnTime) && !ctype_digit(ltrim($rawTurnTime, '-'))) {
            $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage(DB::db(), 'game_env'));
            return $clock->dateTimeToTick(new \DateTimeImmutable($rawTurnTime));
        }
        return Util::toInt($rawTurnTime);
    }
    function getNPCType(): int
    {
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ class RandomNameGeneral extends AbsGeneralPool{
            'generalName'=>$generalName,
            'imgsvr'=>0,
            'picture'=>null
-        ], '9999-12-31 12:00:00');
+        ], PHP_INT_MAX);
    }
    static public function pickGeneralFromPool(MeekroDB $db, RandUtil $rng, int $owner, int $pickCnt, ?string $prefix = null): array
@@ -68,26 +68,25 @@ class RandomNameGeneral extends AbsGeneralPool{
        $result = [];
        $dbInsert = [];
        $oNow = new \DateTimeImmutable();
        for($i=0;$i<$pickCnt;$i++){
            $result[] = static::pickGeneral1FromPool($db, $rng, $owner, $prefix);
        }
        if($owner){
-            $now = $oNow->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');
+            $gameStor = \sammo\KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
            $clock = \sammo\GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
            $now = $clock->nowTick();
            $db->delete('select_pool', [
                'reserved_until'=>null,
                'owner'=>null,
            ],'(reserved_until < %s OR reserved_until IS NULL) AND general_id IS null', $now);
-            $validUntil = $oNow->add(new \DateInterval(sprintf('PT%dS', 30)));
+            $validUntil = $now + $clock->ticksFromSeconds(30);
            foreach($result as $pickedGeneral){
                $dbInsert[] = [
                    'owner'=>$owner,
                    'uniqueName'=>$pickedGeneral->getUniqueName(),
                    'info'=>$pickedGeneral->getInfo(),
-                    'reserved_until'=>$validUntil->format(('Y-m-d H:i:s'))
+                    'reserved_until'=>$validUntil
                ];
            }
            $db->insert('select_pool', $dbInsert);
@@ -99,4 +98,4 @@ class RandomNameGeneral extends AbsGeneralPool{
    public static function initPool(\MeekroDB $db){
        //do Nothing
    }
-}
+}
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ class SPoolUnderU100 extends AbsFromUserPool
    private const STAT_BONUS_MAX_TOTAL = 190;
    private const STAT_BONUS_MAX_MULTIPLIER = 1.5;
-    public function __construct(\MeekroDB $db, RandUtil $rng, array $info, string $validUntil)
+    public function __construct(\MeekroDB $db, RandUtil $rng, array $info, int $validUntil)
    {
        $targetInfo = $info;
        $initialInfo = $info;
@@ -15,6 +15,9 @@ class Message
    protected $sendCnt = 0;
    private ?int $sendTimeTick = null;
    private ?int $sendValidUntilTick = null;
    public function __construct(
        public MessageType $msgType,
        public MessageTarget $src,
@@ -26,6 +29,12 @@ class Message
    ) {
    }
    public static function gameNow(): \DateTime
    {
        $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage(DB::db(), 'game_env'));
        return \DateTime::createFromImmutable($clock->nowDateTime());
    }
    public function setSentInfo(int $mailbox, int $messageID) : self
    {
        if(!Message::isValidMailBox($mailbox)){
@@ -78,6 +87,15 @@ class Message
    }
    public function toArray():array{
        $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage(DB::db(), 'game_env'));
        $messageTick = $clock->dateTimeToTick($this->date);
        $deleteUntilTick = GameClock::addTicks($messageTick, $clock->ticksFromMinutes(5));
        $deleteRemainingTicks = max(0, $deleteUntilTick - $clock->nowTick());
        $deleteRemainingTicks = min($deleteRemainingTicks, $clock->ticksFromSeconds(2_147_483));
        $deleteRemainingMilliseconds = intdiv(
            $deleteRemainingTicks * 1000,
            $clock->ticksPerSecond(),
        );
        if($this->msgType === MessageType::public){
            $src = $this->src->toArray();
            $dest = null;
@@ -98,12 +116,15 @@ class Message
            'dest'=>$dest,
            'text'=>$this->msg,
            'option'=>$this->msgOption,
-            'time'=>$this->date->format('Y-m-d H:i:s')
+            'time'=>$this->date->format('Y-m-d H:i:s'),
            'deleteRemainingMilliseconds'=>$deleteRemainingMilliseconds,
            'clockMode'=>$clock->getMode(),
        ];
    }
    public static function buildFromArray(array $row) : Message
    {
        $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage(DB::db(), 'game_env'));
        $dbMessage = Json::decode($row['message']);
        $msgType = MessageType::from($row['type']);
@@ -116,8 +137,8 @@ class Message
            $src,
            $dest,
            $dbMessage['text'],
-            new \DateTime($row['time']),
+            \DateTime::createFromImmutable($clock->tickToDateTime(Util::toInt($row['time']))),
-            new \DateTime($row['valid_until']),
+            \DateTime::createFromImmutable($clock->tickToDateTime(Util::toInt($row['valid_until']))),
            $option
        ];
@@ -151,9 +172,12 @@ class Message
    public static function getMessageByID(int $messageID) : ?Message
    {
        $db = DB::db();
-        $now = new \DateTime();
+        $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'));
-        $row = $db->queryFirstRow('SELECT * FROM `message` WHERE `id` = %i AND valid_until', $messageID);
+        $row = $db->queryFirstRow(
-        //FIXME: $now가 들어가야 하는데 안 들어가있는데?
+            'SELECT * FROM `message` WHERE `id` = %i AND valid_until > %i',
            $messageID,
            $clock->nowTick(),
        );
        if (!$row) {
            return null;
        }
@@ -171,12 +195,12 @@ class Message
    {
        $db = DB::db();
-        $date = (new \DateTime())->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');
+        $date = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'))->nowTick();
        $where = new \WhereClause('and');
        $where->add('mailbox = %i', $mailbox);
        $where->add('type = %s', $msgType->value);
-        $where->add('valid_until > %s', $date);
+        $where->add('valid_until > %i', $date);
        if ($fromSeq > 0) {
            $where->add('id >= %i', $fromSeq);
        }
@@ -203,12 +227,12 @@ class Message
    {
        $db = DB::db();
-        $date = (new \DateTime())->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');
+        $date = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'))->nowTick();
        $where = new \WhereClause('and');
        $where->add('mailbox = %i', $mailbox);
        $where->add('type = %s', $msgType->value);
-        $where->add('valid_until > %s', $date);
+        $where->add('valid_until > %i', $date);
        $where->add('id < %i', $toSeq);
        if ($limit > 0) {
@@ -236,7 +260,8 @@ class Message
            return '시스템 외교 메시지는 삭제할 수 없습니다.';
        }
-        $prev5min = new \DateTime();
+        $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage(DB::db(), 'game_env'));
        $prev5min = \DateTime::createFromImmutable($clock->tickToDateTime($clock->nowTick()));
        $prev5min->sub(new \DateInterval('PT5M'));
        if($msgObj->date < $prev5min){
@@ -265,14 +290,15 @@ class Message
        }
-        $in1min = new \DateTime();
+        $now = \DateTime::createFromImmutable($clock->tickToDateTime($clock->nowTick()));
        $in1min = clone $now;
        $in1min->add(new \DateInterval('PT1M'));
        $newMsg = new Message(
            $msgObj->msgType,
            $msgObj->src,
            $msgObj->dest,
            "req_del_msg",
-            new \DateTime(),
+            $now,
            $in1min,
            $msgOption
        );
@@ -300,13 +326,15 @@ class Message
        $db = DB::db();
        $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'));
        [$timeTick, $validUntilTick] = $this->resolveSendTicks($clock);
        $db->insert('message', [
            'mailbox' => $mailbox,
            'type' => $this->msgType->value,
            'src' => $src_id,
            'dest' => $dest_id,
-            'time' => $this->date->format('Y-m-d H:i:s'),
+            'time' => $timeTick,
-            'valid_until' => $this->validUntil->format('Y-m-d H:i:s'),
+            'valid_until' => $validUntilTick,
            'message' => Json::encode([
                'src'=>($this->src)?($this->src->toArray()):[],
                'dest'=>($this->dest)?($this->dest->toArray()):[],
@@ -317,6 +345,32 @@ class Message
        return [$mailbox, $db->insertId()];
    }
    /** @return array{0:int, 1:int} */
    protected function resolveSendTicks(GameClock $clock): array
    {
        if ($this->sendTimeTick !== null && $this->sendValidUntilTick !== null) {
            return [$this->sendTimeTick, $this->sendValidUntilTick];
        }
        $timeTick = $clock->nowTick();
        if (Util::toInt($this->validUntil->format('Y')) >= 9000) {
            $validUntilTick = GameClock::MAX_SAFE_TICK;
        } else {
            $validitySeconds = $this->validUntil->getTimestamp() - $this->date->getTimestamp();
            $validUntilTick = GameClock::addTicks(
                $timeTick,
                $clock->ticksFromSeconds($validitySeconds),
            );
        }
        $this->sendTimeTick = $timeTick;
        $this->sendValidUntilTick = $validUntilTick;
        $this->date = \DateTime::createFromImmutable($clock->tickToDateTime($timeTick));
        $this->validUntil = \DateTime::createFromImmutable($clock->tickToDateTime($validUntilTick));
        return [$timeTick, $validUntilTick];
    }
    private function sendToSender():array{
        if($this->sendCnt > 1){
            throw new \RuntimeException('이미 전송한 메일입니다.');
@@ -430,7 +484,7 @@ class Message
                $src,
                $dest,
                $msg,
-                new \DateTime(),
+                self::gameNow(),
                new \DateTime('9999-12-31'),
                []
              );
@@ -464,6 +518,8 @@ class Message
    }
    public function invalidate(?array $newMsgOption=null, bool $hideMsg=true){
        $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage(DB::db(), 'game_env'));
        $validUntilTick = $clock->dateTimeToTick($this->validUntil);
        if($newMsgOption !== null){
            $this->msgOption = $newMsgOption;
        }
@@ -471,7 +527,8 @@ class Message
        $this->msgOption['invalid'] = true;
        if($hideMsg){
-            $this->validUntil = new \DateTime('2000-12-31');
+            $validUntilTick = GameClock::addTicks($clock->nowTick(), -1);
            $this->validUntil = \DateTime::createFromImmutable($clock->tickToDateTime($validUntilTick));
        }
        else{
            if(key_exists('receiverMessageID', $this->msgOption)){
@@ -489,7 +546,7 @@ class Message
                'text' => $this->msg,
                'option' => $this->msgOption
            ]),
-            'valid_until'=>$this->validUntil->format('Y-m-d H:i:s'),
+            'valid_until'=>$validUntilTick,
        ], 'id=%i', $this->id);
    }
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ class RaiseInvaderMessage extends Message
        $srcTarget = MessageTarget::buildSystemTarget();
        $destTarget = MessageTarget::buildQuick($destGeneralID);
        if ($date === null) {
-            $date = new \DateTime();
+            $date = Message::gameNow();
        }
        /**
@@ -245,21 +245,35 @@ class ResetHelper{
            true
        );
-        if($sync == 0) {
+        $requestedTime = new \DateTimeImmutable($turntime);
-            // 현재 시간을 1월로 맞춤
+        if($sync == 0) {
-            $starttime = cutTurn($turntime, $turnterm);
+            // 현재 시간을 1월로 맞춤
-            $month = 1;
+            $baseTime = new \DateTimeImmutable(cutTurnDateTime($turntime, $turnterm));
-            $year = $startyear;
+            $month = 1;
-        } else {
+            $year = $startyear;
-            // 현재 시간과 동기화
+        } else {
-            [$starttime, $yearPulled, $month] = cutDay($turntime, $turnterm);
+            // 현재 시간과 동기화
            [$baseTimeString, $yearPulled, $month] = cutDay($turntime, $turnterm);
            $baseTime = new \DateTimeImmutable($baseTimeString);
            if($yearPulled){
                $year = $startyear-1;
            }
            else{
                $year = $startyear;
            }
-        }
+        }
        $wallNow = GameClock::readWallTime();
        $initialClock = new GameClock(
            $baseTime,
            $turnterm,
            0,
            GameClock::MODE_REALTIME,
            $wallNow,
            fn (): \DateTimeImmutable => $wallNow,
        );
        $requestedTick = $initialClock->dateTimeToTick($requestedTime);
        $currentTick = $initialClock->dateTimeToTick($wallNow);
        $killturn = 4800 / $turnterm;
        if($npcmode == 1) { $killturn = intdiv($killturn, 3); }
@@ -283,10 +297,14 @@ class ResetHelper{
            'maxnation'=>GameConst::$defaultMaxNation,
            'refreshLimit'=>30000,
            'develcost'=>$develcost,
-            'turntime'=>$turntime,
+            'turntime'=>$requestedTick,
-            'starttime'=>$starttime,
+            'starttime'=>0,
-            'opentime'=>$turntime,
+            'opentime'=>$requestedTick,
-            'turnterm'=>$turnterm,
+            'turnterm'=>$turnterm,
            'clock_base_time'=>TimeUtil::format($baseTime, true),
            'clock_tick'=>$currentTick,
            'clock_mode'=>GameClock::MODE_REALTIME,
            'clock_wall_anchor'=>TimeUtil::format($wallNow, true),
            'killturn'=>$killturn,
            'genius'=>GameConst::$defaultMaxGenius,
            'show_img_level'=>$show_img_level,
@@ -308,7 +326,7 @@ class ResetHelper{
                'name'=>$admin['name'],
                'picture'=>$admin['picture'],
                'imgsvr'=>$admin['imgsvr'],
-                'turntime'=>$turntime,
+                'turntime'=>$requestedTick,
                'killturn'=>9999,
                'crewtype'=>GameUnitConst::DEFAULT_CREWTYPE
            ]);
@@ -344,7 +362,7 @@ class ResetHelper{
        $db->insert('ng_games', [
            'server_id'=>$serverID,
-            'date'=>$turntime,
+            'date'=>TimeUtil::format($requestedTime, false),
            'winner_nation'=>null,
            'map'=>$scenarioObj->getMapTheme(),
            'season'=>$seasonIdx,
@@ -368,4 +386,4 @@ class ResetHelper{
            'result'=>true
        ];
    }
-}
+}
@@ -136,13 +136,13 @@ class GeneralBuilder{
            $this->specialWar = GameConst::$defaultSpecialWar;
        }
        try{
            $this->specialDomestic = SpecialityHelper::getDomesticClassByName($special);
            $this->specialWar = GameConst::$defaultSpecialWar;
        }
        catch (\Exception $e){
            $this->specialDomestic = GameConst::$defaultSpecialDomestic;
            $this->specialWar = SpecialityHelper::getWarClassByName($special);
        }
        catch (\Exception $e){
            $this->specialDomestic = SpecialityHelper::getDomesticClassByName($special);
            $this->specialWar = GameConst::$defaultSpecialWar;
        }
        return $this;
    }
@@ -653,7 +653,7 @@ class GeneralBuilder{
            $officerLevel = $nationID?1:0;
        }
-        $turntime = \sammo\getRandTurn($this->rng, $env['turnterm'], new \DateTimeImmutable($env['turntime']));
+        $turntime = \sammo\getRandTurn($this->rng, $env['turnterm'], Util::toInt($env['turntime']));
        if($this->killturn){
            $killturn = $this->killturn;
@@ -735,4 +735,4 @@ class GeneralBuilder{
        return true; //생성되었다.
    }
-}
+}
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ class ScoutMessage extends Message
            $this->validScout = false;
        }
-        if ($this->validUntil <= new \DateTime()) {
+        if ($this->validUntil <= $this->date) {
            $this->validScout = false;
        }
    }
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ class ScoutMessage extends Message
            $this->src,
            $this->dest,
            "{$this->src->nationName}{$josaRo} 등용 제의 수락",
-            new \DateTime(),
+            Message::gameNow(),
            new \DateTime('9999-12-31'),
            [
                'delete' => $this->id
@@ -122,11 +122,11 @@ class ScoutMessage extends Message
    public static function invalidateAll(int $generalID, ?int $exceptMsgID = null)
    {
        $db = DB::db();
-        $now = TimeUtil::now();
+        $now = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'))->nowTick();
        //XXX: 뭔가 기존 쿼리가 애매하다. invalid 관련해서 다른 옵션이 가능한가?
        $rawMsgList = Util::convertArrayToDict($db->query(
            'SELECT * FROM `message` WHERE
-            `mailbox` = %i AND `type` = "private" AND `dest` = `mailbox` AND `valid_until` > %s AND
+            `mailbox` = %i AND `type` = "private" AND `dest` = `mailbox` AND `valid_until` > %i AND
            JSON_VALUE(message, "$.option.action") = %s',
            $generalID,
            $now,
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ class ScoutMessage extends Message
            $this->src,
            $this->dest,
            "{$this->src->nationName}{$josaRo} 등용 제의 거부",
-            new \DateTime(),
+            Message::gameNow(),
            new \DateTime('9999-12-31'),
            [
                'delete' => $this->id
@@ -205,9 +205,9 @@ class ScoutMessage extends Message
        $db = DB::db();
        $srcGeneral = $db->queryFirstRow('SELECT `name`, nation FROM general WHERE `no`=%i', $srcGeneralID);
        $destGeneral = $db->queryFirstRow('SELECT `name`, nation, `officer_level` FROM general WHERE `no`=%i', $destGeneralID);
-        if ($date === null) {
+        if ($date === null) {
-            $date = new \DateTime();
+            $date = Message::gameNow();
-        }
+        }
        if ($destGeneral['officer_level'] == 12) {
            if ($reason !== null) {
@@ -40,34 +40,22 @@ final class ServerTool
            $locked = tryLock();
        }
-        $oldunit = $admin['turnterm'] * 60;
+        if($turnterm == $admin['turnterm']){
        $unit = $turnterm * 60;
        if($unit == $oldunit){
            if($locked){
                unlock();
            }
            return null;
        }
-        $unitDiff = $unit / $oldunit;
+        $oldClock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
-
+        $currentTick = $oldClock->nowTick();
-        $servTurnTime = new \DateTimeImmutable($admin['turntime']);
+        $currentDisplay = $oldClock->tickToDateTime($currentTick);
-        foreach ($db->query('SELECT no,turntime FROM general') as $gen) {
+        $oldClock->persistTick($gameStor, $currentTick);
            $genTurnTime = new \DateTimeImmutable($gen['turntime']);
            $timeDiff = TimeUtil::DateIntervalToSeconds($genTurnTime->diff($servTurnTime));
            $timeDiff *= $unitDiff;
            $newGenTurnTime = $servTurnTime->add(TimeUtil::secondsToDateInterval($timeDiff));
            $db->update('general', [
                'turntime' => $newGenTurnTime->format('Y-m-d H:i:s.u')
            ], 'no=%i', $gen['no']);
        }
        $turn = ($admin['year'] - $admin['startyear']) * 12 + $admin['month'] - 1;
        $starttime = $servTurnTime->sub(TimeUtil::secondsToDateInterval($turn * $unit))->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');
        $starttime = cutTurn($starttime, $turnterm, false);
        $gameStor->turnterm = $turnterm;
-        $gameStor->starttime = $starttime;
+        $gameStor->clock_base_time = TimeUtil::format(
            GameClock::baseTimeForProjection($currentDisplay, $currentTick, $turnterm),
            true,
        );
        pushGlobalHistoryLog(["<R>★</>턴시간이 <C>{$turnterm}분</>으로 변경됩니다."]);
        if($locked){
@@ -6,15 +6,20 @@ use sammo\Enums\EventTarget;
 use sammo\Enums\InheritanceKey;
 use \Symfony\Component\Lock;
-class TurnExecutionHelper
+class TurnExecutionHelper
-{
+{
    /** @var General*/
    protected $generalObj;
-    public function __construct(General $general)
+    public function __construct(General $general)
    {
        $this->generalObj = $general;
-    }
+    }
    public static function monotonicCompletionTick(int $completedTick, int $candidateTick): int
    {
        return max($completedTick, $candidateTick);
    }
    public function __destruct()
    {
@@ -215,14 +220,13 @@ class TurnExecutionHelper
            $general->rebirth();
        }
-        $turntime = addTurn($general->getTurnTime(), $gameStor->turnterm);
+        $turntime = addTurn($general->getTurnTick(), $gameStor->turnterm);
        $nextTurnTimeBase = $general->getAuxVar('nextTurnTimeBase');
        if($nextTurnTimeBase !== null){
            $turntime = cutTurn($turntime, $gameStor->turnterm);
-            $turntimeObj = new \DateTimeImmutable($turntime);
+            $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
-            $turntimeObj = $turntimeObj->add(TimeUtil::secondsToDateInterval($nextTurnTimeBase));
+            $turntime += $clock->ticksFromSeconds($nextTurnTimeBase);
            $turntime = TimeUtil::format($turntimeObj, true);
            $general->setAuxVar('nextTurnTimeBase', null);
        }
@@ -230,7 +234,7 @@ class TurnExecutionHelper
    }
-    static public function executeGeneralCommandUntil(string $date, \DateTimeInterface $limitActionTime, int $year, int $month)
+    static public function executeGeneralCommandUntil(int $date, \DateTimeInterface $limitActionTime, int $year, int $month)
    {
        $db = DB::db();
        $generalsTodo = $db->query(
@@ -244,7 +248,7 @@ class TurnExecutionHelper
        $autorun_user = $gameStor->autorun_user;
        foreach ($generalsTodo as $rawGeneral) {
-            $currActionTime = new \DateTimeImmutable();
+            $currActionTime = GameClock::readWallTime();
            if ($currActionTime > $limitActionTime) {
                return [true, $currentTurn];
            }
@@ -350,7 +354,7 @@ class TurnExecutionHelper
            pullNationCommand($general->getVar('nation'), $general->getVar('officer_level'));
            pullGeneralCommand($general->getID());
-            $currentTurn = $general->getTurnTime();
+            $currentTurn = $general->getTurnTick();
            $general->increaseVarWithLimit('myset', GameConst::$incDefSettingChange, null, GameConst::$maxDefSettingChange);
            if (($autorun_user['limit_minutes'] ?? false) && $general->getNPCType() < 2 && $hasReservedTurn) {
@@ -390,13 +394,14 @@ class TurnExecutionHelper
        return true;
    }
-    static public function executeAllCommand(&$executed = false, &$locked = false): string
+    static public function executeAllCommand(&$executed = false, &$locked = false): int
    {
        $db = DB::db();
        $gameStor = KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env');
-        if (TimeUtil::now(true) < $gameStor->turntime) {
+        $clock = GameClock::fromStorage($gameStor);
        if ($clock->nowTick() < $gameStor->turntime) {
            //턴 시각 이전이면 아무것도 하지 않음
            return $gameStor->turntime;
        }
@@ -420,7 +425,7 @@ class TurnExecutionHelper
        //접속자 수 따라서 갱신제한 변경
        CheckOverhead();
-        $date = TimeUtil::now(true);
+        $date = $clock->nowTick();
        // 최종 처리 월턴의 다음 월턴시간 구함
        //$lastExecuted = $gameStor->turntime;
        $prevTurn = cutTurn($gameStor->turntime, $gameStor->turnterm);
@@ -433,7 +438,7 @@ class TurnExecutionHelper
            $maxActionTime = max($maxActionTime * 2 / 3, $maxActionTime - 10);
        }
-        $limitActionTime = (new \DateTimeImmutable())->add(TimeUtil::secondsToDateInterval($maxActionTime));
+        $limitActionTime = GameClock::readWallTime()->add(TimeUtil::secondsToDateInterval($maxActionTime));
        // 현재 턴 이전 월턴까지 모두처리.
        //최종 처리 이후 다음 월턴이 현재 시간보다 전이라면
@@ -450,9 +455,12 @@ class TurnExecutionHelper
            updateTraffic();
            if ($executionOver) {
-                if ($currentTurn !== null) {
+                if ($currentTurn !== null) {
-                    $executed = true;
+                    $executed = true;
-                    $gameStor->turntime = $currentTurn;
+                    $gameStor->turntime = self::monotonicCompletionTick(
                        Util::toInt($gameStor->turntime),
                        $currentTurn,
                    );
                }
                unlock();
                return $gameStor->turntime;
@@ -497,10 +505,16 @@ class TurnExecutionHelper
            $gameStor->month
        );
-        if ($currentTurn !== null) {
+        if ($currentTurn !== null) {
-            $executed = true;
+            $executed = true;
-            $gameStor->turntime = $currentTurn;
+            // A general's sub-tick can be just before the monthly boundary that
-        }
+            // was completed above. Never move the global completion cursor back
            // behind an already-applied monthly event.
            $gameStor->turntime = self::monotonicCompletionTick(
                Util::toInt($gameStor->turntime),
                $currentTurn,
            );
        }
        //토너먼트 처리
        processTournament();
@@ -55,7 +55,8 @@ class UserLogger
        }
        $db = DB::db();
-        $date = TimeUtil::now();
+        $clock = GameClock::fromStorage(KVStorage::getStorage($db, 'game_env'));
        $date = $clock->formatTick($clock->nowTick());
        $serverID = UniqueConst::$serverID;
        $request = array_map(function ($textAndType) use ($date, $serverID) {
            [$text, $type] = $textAndType;
@@ -57,16 +57,16 @@ class WarUnitGeneral extends WarUnit
        $this->general->increaseRankVar(RankColumn::warnum, 1);
        if ($this->isAttacker) {
-            $semiTurn = $general->getTurnTime();
+            $semiTurn = $general->getTurnTick();
        } else if ($oppose !== null) {
-            $semiTurn = $oppose->getGeneral()->getTurnTime();
+            $semiTurn = $oppose->getGeneral()->getTurnTick();
        } else {
            LogText("WarUnitGeneral::setOppose", "defender인데 oppose가 null {$general->getID()}, {$general->getTurnTime()}");
-            $semiTurn = $general->getTurnTime();
+            $semiTurn = $general->getTurnTick();
        }
        $phase = $this->getRealPhase();
-        $semiTurn = substr($semiTurn, 0, strlen($semiTurn) - 2);
+        $semiTurn -= $semiTurn % 100;
-        $semiTurn .=  sprintf("%02d", Util::valueFit($phase, 0, 99));
+        $semiTurn += Util::valueFit($phase, 0, 99);
        $general->setVar('recent_war', $semiTurn);
    }
@@ -45,8 +45,8 @@ CREATE TABLE `general` (
 	`book` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'None',
 	`horse` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'None',
 	`item` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'None',
-	`turntime` DATETIME(6) NOT NULL,
+	`turntime` BIGINT NOT NULL,
-	`recent_war` DATETIME(6) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
+	`recent_war` BIGINT NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 	`makelimit` INT(2) NULL DEFAULT '0',
 	`killturn` INT(3) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 	`block` INT(1) NULL DEFAULT '0',
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ CREATE TABLE `general_access_log` (
 	`id` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
 	`general_id` INT(11) NOT NULL,
 	`user_id` INT(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
-	`last_refresh` DATETIME NULL DEFAULT NULL,
+	`last_refresh` BIGINT NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 	`refresh` INT(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
 	`refresh_total` INT(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
 	`refresh_score` INT(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
@@ -244,8 +244,8 @@ CREATE TABLE `message` (
 	`type` ENUM('private', 'national', 'public', 'diplomacy') NOT NULL,
 	`src` INT(11) NOT NULL,
 	`dest` INT(11) NOT NULL,
-	`time` DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+	`time` BIGINT NOT NULL,
-	`valid_until` DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT '9999-12-31 23:59:59',
+	`valid_until` BIGINT NOT NULL,
 	`message` TEXT NOT NULL COLLATE 'utf8mb4_bin',
 	PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
 	INDEX `by_mailbox` (`mailbox`, `type`, `id`),
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `ng_old_nations` (
 	`server_id` CHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
 	`nation` INT(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
 	`data` LONGTEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '{}' COLLATE 'utf8mb4_bin',
-	`date` DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+	`date` DATETIME NOT NULL,
 	PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
 	INDEX `server_id` (`server_id`, `nation`),
 	CONSTRAINT `json` CHECK (json_valid(`data`))
@@ -395,7 +395,7 @@ CREATE TABLE `ng_diplomacy` (
 	`state` ENUM('proposed', 'activated', 'cancelled', 'replaced') NOT NULL DEFAULT 'proposed',
 	`text_brief` TEXT NOT NULL,
 	`text_detail` TEXT NOT NULL,
-	`date` DATETIME NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
+	`date` DATETIME NOT NULL,
 	`src_signer` INT(11) NOT NULL,
 	`dest_signer` INT(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 	`aux` TEXT NULL DEFAULT NULL COLLATE 'utf8mb4_bin',
@@ -536,8 +536,8 @@ CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `reserved_open` (
 CREATE TABLE `select_npc_token` (
 	`id` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
 	`owner` INT(11) NOT NULL,
-	`valid_until` DATETIME NOT NULL,
+	`valid_until` BIGINT NOT NULL,
-	`pick_more_from` DATETIME NOT NULL,
+	`pick_more_from` BIGINT NOT NULL,
 	`pick_result` TEXT NOT NULL COLLATE 'utf8mb4_bin',
 	`nonce` INT(11) NOT NULL,
 	PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
@@ -553,7 +553,7 @@ CREATE TABLE `select_pool` (
 	`unique_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
 	`owner` INT(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 	`general_id` INT(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
-	`reserved_until` DATETIME NULL DEFAULT NULL,
+	`reserved_until` BIGINT NULL DEFAULT NULL,
 	`info` TEXT NOT NULL,
 	PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
 	UNIQUE INDEX `unique_name` (`unique_name`),
@@ -694,11 +694,11 @@ CREATE TABLE `ng_auction` (
 	`target` VARCHAR(50) NULL DEFAULT NULL COLLATE 'utf8mb4_bin',
 	`host_general_id` INT(11) NOT NULL,
 	`req_resource` ENUM('gold','rice','inheritPoint') NOT NULL COLLATE 'utf8mb4_bin',
-	`open_date` DATETIME NOT NULL,
+	`open_tick` BIGINT NOT NULL,
-	`close_date` DATETIME NOT NULL,
+	`close_tick` BIGINT NOT NULL,
 	`detail` LONGTEXT NOT NULL COLLATE 'utf8mb4_bin',
 	PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE,
-	INDEX `by_close` (`finished`, `type`, `close_date`) USING BTREE,
+	INDEX `by_close` (`finished`, `type`, `close_tick`) USING BTREE,
 	INDEX `by_general_id` (`host_general_id`, `type`, `finished`) USING BTREE,
 	CONSTRAINT `detail` CHECK (json_valid(`detail`))
 )
@@ -721,4 +721,4 @@ CREATE TABLE `ng_auction_bid` (
 	CONSTRAINT `aux` CHECK (json_valid(`aux`))
 )
 COLLATE='utf8mb4_general_ci'
-ENGINE = Aria;
+ENGINE = Aria;
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
 import assert from 'assert';
 import { resolveGatewayOpenState } from '../ts/gateway/resolveGatewayOpenState';
 describe('resolveGatewayOpenState', () => {
  it('keeps the logical server decision even when projected dates disagree with wall time', () => {
    assert.strictEqual(resolveGatewayOpenState(false, '2000-01-01 00:00:00', '2026-08-04 00:00:00'), false);
    assert.strictEqual(resolveGatewayOpenState(true, '2042-01-01 00:00:00', '2026-08-04 00:00:00'), true);
  });
  it('falls back to legacy wall time only when isOpen is absent', () => {
    assert.strictEqual(resolveGatewayOpenState(undefined, '2026-08-03 00:00:00', '2026-08-04 00:00:00'), true);
    assert.strictEqual(resolveGatewayOpenState(undefined, '2026-08-05 00:00:00', '2026-08-04 00:00:00'), false);
  });
 });
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@
            :maxTurn="maxChiefTurn"
            :maxPushTurn="Math.floor(maxChiefTurn / 2)"
            :date="date"
            :clockMode="clockMode"
            :officer="officer"
            @raiseReload="reloadTable()"
          />
@@ -139,6 +140,7 @@ const tableObj = reactive<Omit<OptionalFull<ChiefResponse>, "result">>({
  month: undefined,
  turnTerm: undefined,
  date: undefined,
  clockMode: undefined,
  troopList: undefined,
  chiefList: undefined,
  isChief: undefined,
@@ -149,7 +151,7 @@ const tableObj = reactive<Omit<OptionalFull<ChiefResponse>, "result">>({
  unitSet: undefined,
 });
-const { year, month, turnTerm, date, chiefList, troopList, officerLevel, commandList } = toRefs(tableObj);
+const { year, month, turnTerm, date, clockMode, chiefList, troopList, officerLevel, commandList } = toRefs(tableObj);
 let postFilterNationCommand = function (turnObj: TurnObj): TurnObj {
  return turnObj;
@@ -195,7 +195,6 @@ import { onMounted, reactive, ref, watch, computed } from "vue";
 import type { VoteInfo, VoteDetailResult } from "@/defs/API/Vote";
 import { SammoAPI } from "@/SammoAPI";
 import { isString, range, sum } from "lodash-es";
 import { formatTime } from "@/util/formatTime";
 import { isBrightColor } from "@/util/isBrightColor";
 import { formatVoteColor } from "@/utilGame/formatVoteColor";
@@ -239,14 +238,7 @@ const canVote = computed(() => {
  if (currentVote.value.myVote) {
    return false;
  }
-  const endDate = currentVote.value.voteInfo.endDate;
+  return currentVote.value.isOpen;
  if (endDate) {
    const now = formatTime(new Date());
    if (now > endDate) {
      return false;
    }
  }
  return true;
 });
 const currentVoteID = ref<number>();
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
        class="col alert alert-primary m-0 p-0"
        style="text-align: center; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center"
      >
-        <SimpleClock :serverTime="serverNow" />
+        <SimpleClock :serverTime="serverNow" :running="clockRunning" />
      </div>
      <div class="col d-grid">
        <BDropdown right text="반복">
@@ -467,6 +467,7 @@ async function pushGeneralCommand(amount: number) {
 }
 const serverNow = ref(new Date());
 const clockRunning = ref(true);
 function pushGeneralCommandSingle(e: Event) {
  //NOTE: split 구현에 버그가 있어서, 수동으로 구분해야함
@@ -548,6 +549,7 @@ async function reloadCommandList() {
  }
  serverNow.value = parseTime(result.date);
  clockRunning.value = result.clockMode === "realtime";
 }
 async function reserveCommandDirect(args: [number[], TurnObj][], reload = true): Promise<boolean> {
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
        <div class="row gx-1 gy-1 py-1">
          <div class="col-lg-4 mx-0 mb-0 mt-1 d-grid">
            <div class="alert alert-primary mb-0 center" style="padding: 0.5rem 0">
-              <SimpleClock :serverTime="parseTime(props.date)" />
+              <SimpleClock :serverTime="parseTime(props.date)" :running="props.clockMode === 'realtime'" />
            </div>
          </div>
@@ -289,6 +289,10 @@ const props = defineProps({
  maxTurn: VueTypes.integer.isRequired,
  maxPushTurn: VueTypes.integer.isRequired,
  date: VueTypes.string.isRequired,
  clockMode: {
    type: String as PropType<"realtime" | "manual">,
    required: true,
  },
  year: VueTypes.integer.isRequired,
  month: VueTypes.integer.isRequired,
  turnTerm: VueTypes.integer.isRequired,
@@ -126,8 +126,6 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
 import type { MsgItem, MsgTarget, MsgType } from "@/defs/API/Message";
 import { parseTime } from "@/util/parseTime";
 import { differenceInMilliseconds, addMinutes } from "date-fns/esm";
 import { computed, onMounted, ref, toRef, watch, type ComputedRef, type Ref } from "vue";
 import linkifyStr from "linkify-string";
 import { SammoAPI } from "@/SammoAPI";
@@ -205,11 +203,10 @@ function testDeletable(msg: MsgItem): boolean {
  if (msg.option.invalid) return false;
  if (!(msg.option.deletable ?? true)) return false;
-  const now = new Date();
+  const timeDiff = msg.deleteRemainingMilliseconds;
  const last5min = addMinutes(parseTime(msg.time), 5);
  const timeDiff = differenceInMilliseconds(last5min, now);
  if (timeDiff <= 0) return false;
  if (msg.clockMode === "manual") return true;
  deletableTimer.value = window.setTimeout(() => {
    deletable.value = testDeletable(msg);
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 <script lang="ts" setup>
 import { addMilliseconds } from "date-fns";
-import { type PropType, ref, onMounted, watch } from "vue";
+import { type PropType, ref, onMounted, onUnmounted, watch } from "vue";
 import { formatTime } from "@/util/formatTime";
 const props = defineProps({
  serverTime: {
@@ -17,25 +17,39 @@ const props = defineProps({
    required: false,
    default: "HH:mm:ss",
  },
  running: {
    type: Boolean,
    default: true,
  },
 });
 const timeDiff = ref(0);
 const serverNow = ref("");
 watch(
-  () => props.serverTime,
+  () => [props.serverTime, props.running] as const,
-  (newValue) => {
+  ([newValue]) => {
    const clientNow = new Date();
    timeDiff.value = newValue.getTime() - clientNow.getTime();
    updateNow();
  }
 );
 let timer: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | undefined;
 function updateNow() {
-  const serverNowObj = addMilliseconds(new Date(), timeDiff.value);
+  if (timer !== undefined) {
    clearTimeout(timer);
    timer = undefined;
  }
  const serverNowObj = props.running
    ? addMilliseconds(new Date(), timeDiff.value)
    : props.serverTime;
  serverNow.value = formatTime(serverNowObj, props.timeFormat);
-  setTimeout(() => {
+  if (props.running) {
-    updateNow();
+    timer = setTimeout(() => {
-  }, 1000 - serverNowObj.getMilliseconds());
+      updateNow();
    }, 1000 - serverNowObj.getMilliseconds());
  }
 }
 onMounted(() => {
@@ -43,4 +57,10 @@ onMounted(() => {
  timeDiff.value = props.serverTime.getTime() - clientNow.getTime();
  updateNow();
 });
 onUnmounted(() => {
  if (timer !== undefined) {
    clearTimeout(timer);
  }
 });
 </script>
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ export type ReservedCommandResponse = {
  year: number;
  month: number;
  date: string;
  clockMode: "realtime" | "manual";
  turn: TurnObj[];
  autorun_limit: null | number;
 };
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Hide_D	a38a8867ee	fix: reuse message ticks across mailboxes	2026-08-04 20:37:56 +09:00
Hide_D	9da44d0001	fix: support mixed wall and game clock servers	2026-08-04 20:37:56 +09:00
Hide_D	fc6f84ce23	fix: complete logical clock wall-time isolation	2026-08-04 20:37:56 +09:00
Hide_D	5d9512ced7	feat: replace game schedules with logical ticks	2026-08-04 20:37:56 +09:00
Hide_D	136acadd04	fix: keep scenario war specials in war slot	2026-08-04 01:55:13 +00:00
Hide_D	f4a1e2258d	merge: preserve S100 generated NPC stat floor	2026-07-31 05:06:38 +00:00
Hide_D	e7c773709d	merge: apply S100 cooldown and growth fixes	2026-07-31 01:24:41 +00:00
Hide_D	4aa09a294e	perf: reduce MariaDB turn queue round trips	2026-07-30 17:12:22 +00:00