diff --git a/packages/logic/src/actions/admin/index.ts b/packages/logic/src/actions/admin/index.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb0ff5c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/logic/src/actions/admin/index.ts
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export {};
diff --git a/packages/logic/src/actions/definition.ts b/packages/logic/src/actions/definition.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2b617eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/logic/src/actions/definition.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import type { Constraint, ConstraintContext } from '../constraints/types.js';
+import type {
+    GeneralActionOutcome,
+    GeneralActionResolveContext,
+} from './engine.js';
+import type { GeneralTriggerState } from '../domain/entities.js';
+
+export interface GeneralActionDefinition<
+    TriggerState extends GeneralTriggerState = GeneralTriggerState,
+    Args = unknown,
+    Context extends GeneralActionResolveContext<TriggerState> = GeneralActionResolveContext<TriggerState>
+> {
+    key: string;
+    name: string;
+    parseArgs(raw: unknown): Args | null;
+    buildConstraints(ctx: ConstraintContext, args: Args): Constraint[];
+    resolve(context: Context, args: Args): GeneralActionOutcome<TriggerState>;
+}
diff --git a/packages/logic/src/actions/domestic/index.ts b/packages/logic/src/actions/domestic/index.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 444e534..0000000
--- a/packages/logic/src/actions/domestic/index.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-import type { CommandResolver as CommandResolverType } from './che_상업투자.js';
-
-export type DomesticCommandKey = 'che_상업투자';
-type CommandResolverCtor = typeof CommandResolverType;
-type CommandResolverArgs = ConstructorParameters<CommandResolverCtor>;
-type CommandResolverInstance = InstanceType<CommandResolverCtor>;
-
-export type DomesticCommandImporter = () => Promise<{
-    CommandResolver: typeof CommandResolverType;
-}>;
-
-const defaultImporters: Record<DomesticCommandKey, DomesticCommandImporter> = {
-    che_상업투자: async () => import('./che_상업투자.js'),
-};
-
-export class DomesticCommandLoader {
-    constructor(
-        private readonly importers: Record<
-            DomesticCommandKey,
-            DomesticCommandImporter
-        > = defaultImporters
-    ) {}
-
-    async load(
-        key: DomesticCommandKey
-    ): Promise<{ CommandResolver: typeof CommandResolverType }> {
-        const importer = this.importers[key];
-        if (!importer) {
-            throw new Error(`Unknown domestic command key: ${key}`);
-        }
-        return importer();
-    }
-
-    async create(
-        key: DomesticCommandKey,
-        ...args: CommandResolverArgs
-    ): Promise<CommandResolverInstance> {
-        const { CommandResolver } = await this.load(key);
-        return new CommandResolver(...args);
-    }
-}
diff --git a/packages/logic/src/actions/engine.ts b/packages/logic/src/actions/engine.ts
index d8290b9..6d6b159 100644
--- a/packages/logic/src/actions/engine.ts
+++ b/packages/logic/src/actions/engine.ts
@@ -37,16 +37,19 @@ export interface GeneralPatchEffect<
 > {
     type: 'general:patch';
     patch: Partial<General<TriggerState>>;
+    targetId?: GeneralId;
 }
 
 export interface CityPatchEffect {
     type: 'city:patch';
     patch: Partial<City>;
+    targetId?: CityId;
 }
 
 export interface NationPatchEffect {
     type: 'nation:patch';
     patch: Partial<Nation>;
+    targetId?: NationId;
 }
 
 export interface LogEffect {
@@ -75,11 +78,13 @@ export interface GeneralActionOutcome<
 }
 
 export interface GeneralActionResolver<
-    TriggerState extends GeneralTriggerState = GeneralTriggerState
+    TriggerState extends GeneralTriggerState = GeneralTriggerState,
+    Args = unknown
 > {
     key: string;
     resolve(
-        context: GeneralActionResolveContext<TriggerState>
+        context: GeneralActionResolveContext<TriggerState>,
+        args: Args
     ): GeneralActionOutcome<TriggerState>;
 }
 
@@ -90,6 +95,11 @@ export interface GeneralActionResolution {
     nextTurnAt: Date;
     logs: LogEntryDraft[];
     effects: GeneralActionEffect[];
+    patches?: {
+        generals: Array<{ id: GeneralId; patch: Partial<General> }>;
+        cities: Array<{ id: CityId; patch: Partial<City> }>;
+        nations: Array<{ id: NationId; patch: Partial<Nation> }>;
+    };
     dirty?: {
         general: boolean;
         city: boolean;
@@ -159,22 +169,30 @@ const applyNationPatch = (base: Nation, patch: Partial<Nation>): Nation => ({
 export const createGeneralPatchEffect = <
     TriggerState extends GeneralTriggerState = GeneralTriggerState
 >(
-    patch: Partial<General<TriggerState>>
+    patch: Partial<General<TriggerState>>,
+    targetId?: GeneralId
 ): GeneralPatchEffect<TriggerState> => ({
     type: 'general:patch',
     patch,
+    ...(targetId !== undefined ? { targetId } : {}),
 });
 
-export const createCityPatchEffect = (patch: Partial<City>): CityPatchEffect => ({
+export const createCityPatchEffect = (
+    patch: Partial<City>,
+    targetId?: CityId
+): CityPatchEffect => ({
     type: 'city:patch',
     patch,
+    ...(targetId !== undefined ? { targetId } : {}),
 });
 
 export const createNationPatchEffect = (
-    patch: Partial<Nation>
+    patch: Partial<Nation>,
+    targetId?: NationId
 ): NationPatchEffect => ({
     type: 'nation:patch',
     patch,
+    ...(targetId !== undefined ? { targetId } : {}),
 });
 
 export const createLogEffect = (
@@ -208,18 +226,25 @@ export const createNextTurnOverrideEffect = (
 
 // 행동 결과를 Effect로 모아 상태/턴 계산을 수행한다.
 export const resolveGeneralAction = <
-    TriggerState extends GeneralTriggerState = GeneralTriggerState
+    TriggerState extends GeneralTriggerState = GeneralTriggerState,
+    Args = unknown
 >(
-    resolver: GeneralActionResolver<TriggerState>,
+    resolver: GeneralActionResolver<TriggerState, Args>,
     context: GeneralActionResolveContext<TriggerState>,
-    scheduleContext: TurnScheduleContext
+    scheduleContext: TurnScheduleContext,
+    args: Args
 ): GeneralActionResolution => {
-    const outcome = resolver.resolve(context);
+    const outcome = resolver.resolve(context, args);
     const logs: LogEntryDraft[] = [];
     let nextGeneral = context.general;
     let nextCity = context.city;
     let nextNation = context.nation ?? null;
     let nextTurnAtOverride: Date | null = null;
+    const patches: NonNullable<GeneralActionResolution['patches']> = {
+        generals: [],
+        cities: [],
+        nations: [],
+    };
     const dirty: NonNullable<GeneralActionResolution['dirty']> = {
         general: false,
         city: false,
@@ -236,19 +261,49 @@ export const resolveGeneralAction = <
     for (const effect of outcome.effects) {
         switch (effect.type) {
             case 'general:patch':
-                nextGeneral = applyGeneralPatch(nextGeneral, effect.patch);
-                dirty.general = true;
+                if (
+                    effect.targetId === undefined ||
+                    effect.targetId === context.general.id
+                ) {
+                    nextGeneral = applyGeneralPatch(nextGeneral, effect.patch);
+                    dirty.general = true;
+                } else {
+                    patches.generals.push({
+                        id: effect.targetId,
+                        patch: effect.patch as Partial<General>,
+                    });
+                }
                 break;
             case 'city:patch':
-                if (nextCity) {
-                    nextCity = applyCityPatch(nextCity, effect.patch);
-                    dirty.city = true;
+                if (
+                    effect.targetId === undefined ||
+                    effect.targetId === nextCity?.id
+                ) {
+                    if (nextCity) {
+                        nextCity = applyCityPatch(nextCity, effect.patch);
+                        dirty.city = true;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    patches.cities.push({
+                        id: effect.targetId,
+                        patch: effect.patch,
+                    });
                 }
                 break;
             case 'nation:patch':
-                if (nextNation) {
-                    nextNation = applyNationPatch(nextNation, effect.patch);
-                    dirty.nation = true;
+                if (
+                    effect.targetId === undefined ||
+                    effect.targetId === nextNation?.id
+                ) {
+                    if (nextNation) {
+                        nextNation = applyNationPatch(nextNation, effect.patch);
+                        dirty.nation = true;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    patches.nations.push({
+                        id: effect.targetId,
+                        patch: effect.patch,
+                    });
                 }
                 break;
             case 'log':
@@ -309,6 +364,13 @@ export const resolveGeneralAction = <
     if (dirty.general || dirty.city || dirty.nation) {
         resolution.dirty = dirty;
     }
+    if (
+        patches.generals.length > 0 ||
+        patches.cities.length > 0 ||
+        patches.nations.length > 0
+    ) {
+        resolution.patches = patches;
+    }
 
     return resolution;
 };
diff --git a/packages/logic/src/actions/index.ts b/packages/logic/src/actions/index.ts
index 4ee3183..0fef650 100644
--- a/packages/logic/src/actions/index.ts
+++ b/packages/logic/src/actions/index.ts
@@ -1,2 +1,7 @@
-export * from './domestic/index.js';
+export * from './definition.js';
 export * from './engine.js';
+export * from './turn/general/index.js';
+export * from './turn/nation/index.js';
+export * from './instant/general/index.js';
+export * from './instant/nation/index.js';
+export * from './admin/index.js';
diff --git a/packages/logic/src/actions/instant/general/index.ts b/packages/logic/src/actions/instant/general/index.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb0ff5c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/logic/src/actions/instant/general/index.ts
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export {};
diff --git a/packages/logic/src/actions/instant/nation/index.ts b/packages/logic/src/actions/instant/nation/index.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb0ff5c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/logic/src/actions/instant/nation/index.ts
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export {};
diff --git a/packages/logic/src/actions/domestic/che_상업투자.ts b/packages/logic/src/actions/turn/general/che_상업투자.ts
similarity index 71%
rename from packages/logic/src/actions/domestic/che_상업투자.ts
rename to packages/logic/src/actions/turn/general/che_상업투자.ts
index 956e14c..2e9a4d6 100644
--- a/packages/logic/src/actions/domestic/che_상업투자.ts
+++ b/packages/logic/src/actions/turn/general/che_상업투자.ts
@@ -4,23 +4,39 @@ import type {
     General,
     GeneralTriggerState,
     Nation,
-} from '../../domain/entities.js';
-import type { GeneralActionContext } from '../../triggers/general.js';
+} from '../../../domain/entities.js';
+import type {
+    Constraint,
+    ConstraintContext,
+    RequirementKey,
+    StateView,
+} from '../../../constraints/types.js';
+import {
+    notBeNeutral,
+    notWanderingNation,
+    occupiedCity,
+    remainCityCapacity,
+    reqGeneralGold,
+    reqGeneralRice,
+    suppliedCity,
+} from '../../../constraints/presets.js';
+import type { GeneralActionContext } from '../../../triggers/general.js';
 import {
     GeneralActionPipeline,
     type GeneralActionModule,
-} from '../../triggers/general-action.js';
+} from '../../../triggers/general-action.js';
+import type { GeneralActionDefinition } from '../../definition.js';
 import type {
     GeneralActionOutcome,
     GeneralActionResolver,
     GeneralActionResolveContext,
     GeneralActionEffect,
-} from '../engine.js';
+} from '../../engine.js';
 import {
     createCityPatchEffect,
     createGeneralPatchEffect,
     createLogEffect,
-} from '../engine.js';
+} from '../../engine.js';
 
 export type DomesticCriticalPick = 'fail' | 'normal' | 'success';
 
@@ -59,6 +75,8 @@ export interface CommerceInvestmentResult {
     appliedFrontDebuff: boolean;
 }
 
+export interface CommerceInvestmentArgs {}
+
 const DEFAULT_TRUST = 50;
 const DEFAULT_FRONT_DEBUFF = 0.5;
 const DEFAULT_FRONT_STATES = [1, 3];
@@ -108,6 +126,38 @@ const addMetaNumber = (
     return { ...meta, [key]: current + delta };
 };
 
+const buildDomesticContextFromView = <
+    TriggerState extends GeneralTriggerState = GeneralTriggerState
+>(
+    ctx: ConstraintContext,
+    view: StateView
+): DomesticActionContext<TriggerState> | null => {
+    const general = view.get({
+        kind: 'general',
+        id: ctx.actorId,
+    }) as General<TriggerState> | null;
+    if (!general) {
+        return null;
+    }
+    const cityId = ctx.cityId ?? general.cityId;
+    const city = view.get({ kind: 'city', id: cityId }) as City | null;
+    if (!city) {
+        return null;
+    }
+    const nationId = ctx.nationId ?? general.nationId;
+    const nation =
+        nationId !== undefined
+            ? ((view.get({ kind: 'nation', id: nationId }) as Nation | null) ??
+                null)
+            : null;
+
+    return {
+        general,
+        city,
+        nation,
+    };
+};
+
 // 상업 투자 결과치를 계산하는 경로를 제공한다.
 export class CommandResolver<
     TriggerState extends GeneralTriggerState = GeneralTriggerState
@@ -252,7 +302,7 @@ export class CommandResolver<
 
 export class ActionResolver<
     TriggerState extends GeneralTriggerState = GeneralTriggerState
-> implements GeneralActionResolver<TriggerState> {
+> implements GeneralActionResolver<TriggerState, CommerceInvestmentArgs> {
     readonly key = 'che_상업투자';
     private readonly command: CommandResolver<TriggerState>;
 
@@ -264,8 +314,10 @@ export class ActionResolver<
     }
 
     resolve(
-        context: GeneralActionResolveContext<TriggerState>
+        context: GeneralActionResolveContext<TriggerState>,
+        _args: CommerceInvestmentArgs
     ): GeneralActionOutcome<TriggerState> {
+        void _args;
         const general = context.general;
         const city = context.city;
         if (!city) {
@@ -323,3 +375,65 @@ export class ActionResolver<
         return { effects };
     }
 }
+
+export class ActionDefinition<
+    TriggerState extends GeneralTriggerState = GeneralTriggerState
+> implements GeneralActionDefinition<TriggerState, CommerceInvestmentArgs> {
+    public readonly key = 'che_상업투자';
+    public readonly name = ACTION_NAME;
+    private readonly command: CommandResolver<TriggerState>;
+    private readonly resolver: ActionResolver<TriggerState>;
+
+    constructor(
+        modules: Array<GeneralActionModule<TriggerState> | null | undefined>,
+        env: InvestmentEnvironment
+    ) {
+        this.command = new CommandResolver(modules, env);
+        this.resolver = new ActionResolver(modules, env);
+    }
+
+    parseArgs(_raw: unknown): CommerceInvestmentArgs | null {
+        void _raw;
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    buildConstraints(
+        ctx: ConstraintContext,
+        _args: CommerceInvestmentArgs
+    ): Constraint[] {
+        void _args;
+        const requirements: RequirementKey[] = [];
+        if (ctx.cityId !== undefined) {
+            requirements.push({ kind: 'city', id: ctx.cityId });
+        }
+        if (ctx.nationId !== undefined) {
+            requirements.push({ kind: 'nation', id: ctx.nationId });
+        }
+
+        const getCost = (context: ConstraintContext, view: StateView): number => {
+            const domesticContext =
+                buildDomesticContextFromView<TriggerState>(context, view);
+            if (!domesticContext) {
+                return 0;
+            }
+            return this.command.getCost(domesticContext).gold;
+        };
+
+        return [
+            notBeNeutral(),
+            notWanderingNation(),
+            occupiedCity(),
+            suppliedCity(),
+            reqGeneralGold(getCost, requirements),
+            reqGeneralRice(() => 0, requirements),
+            remainCityCapacity(CITY_KEY, ACTION_NAME),
+        ];
+    }
+
+    resolve(
+        context: GeneralActionResolveContext<TriggerState>,
+        args: CommerceInvestmentArgs
+    ): GeneralActionOutcome<TriggerState> {
+        return this.resolver.resolve(context, args);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/packages/logic/src/actions/turn/general/che_화계.ts b/packages/logic/src/actions/turn/general/che_화계.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..047a993
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/logic/src/actions/turn/general/che_화계.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,505 @@
+import type { RandomGenerator } from '@sammo-ts/common';
+import type {
+    City,
+    General,
+    GeneralTriggerState,
+    Nation,
+    TriggerValue,
+} from '../../../domain/entities.js';
+import type { Constraint, ConstraintContext } from '../../../constraints/types.js';
+import {
+    disallowDiplomacyBetweenStatus,
+    existsDestCity,
+    notBeNeutral,
+    notNeutralDestCity,
+    notOccupiedDestCity,
+    occupiedCity,
+    reqGeneralGold,
+    reqGeneralRice,
+    suppliedCity,
+} from '../../../constraints/presets.js';
+import type { GeneralActionContext } from '../../../triggers/general.js';
+import {
+    GeneralActionPipeline,
+    type GeneralActionModule,
+} from '../../../triggers/general-action.js';
+import type { GeneralActionDefinition } from '../../definition.js';
+import type {
+    GeneralActionEffect,
+    GeneralActionOutcome,
+    GeneralActionResolveContext,
+    GeneralActionResolver,
+} from '../../engine.js';
+import {
+    createCityPatchEffect,
+    createGeneralPatchEffect,
+    createLogEffect,
+} from '../../engine.js';
+import { LogCategory, LogFormat, LogScope } from '../../../logging/types.js';
+
+export interface FireAttackArgs {
+    destCityId: number;
+}
+
+export interface FireAttackEnvironment {
+    develCost: number;
+    sabotageDefaultProb: number;
+    sabotageProbCoefByStat: number;
+    sabotageDefenceCoefByGeneralCount: number;
+    sabotageDamageMin: number;
+    sabotageDamageMax: number;
+    maxSuccessProbability?: number;
+    statKey?: 'leadership' | 'strength' | 'intelligence';
+    getDistance?: (sourceCityId: number, destCityId: number) => number | null;
+    getDefenceCorrection?: (
+        context: FireAttackContext,
+        defender: General
+    ) => number;
+    getInjuryProbability?: (
+        context: FireAttackContext,
+        defender: General
+    ) => number;
+}
+
+export interface FireAttackContext<
+    TriggerState extends GeneralTriggerState = GeneralTriggerState
+> extends GeneralActionContext<TriggerState> {
+    general: General<TriggerState>;
+    city: City;
+    nation?: Nation | null;
+    destCity: City;
+    destNation?: Nation | null;
+    destGenerals: General<TriggerState>[];
+}
+
+export interface FireAttackResolveContext<
+    TriggerState extends GeneralTriggerState = GeneralTriggerState
+> extends GeneralActionResolveContext<TriggerState> {
+    destCity: City;
+    destNation?: Nation | null;
+    destGenerals: General<TriggerState>[];
+}
+
+export interface FireAttackResult<
+    TriggerState extends GeneralTriggerState = GeneralTriggerState
+> {
+    success: boolean;
+    probability: number;
+    distance: number;
+    costGold: number;
+    costRice: number;
+    exp: number;
+    dedication: number;
+    agriDamage: number;
+    commDamage: number;
+    injuryCount: number;
+    injuredGenerals: Array<{
+        id: number;
+        patch: Partial<General<TriggerState>>;
+    }>;
+}
+
+const ACTION_NAME = '화계';
+const ACTION_KEY = '계략';
+const STAT_EXP_KEY = 'intel_exp';
+const DEFAULT_MAX_PROB = 0.5;
+const INJURY_MAX = 80;
+const CITY_STATE_BURNING = 32;
+
+const clamp = (value: number, min: number, max: number): number =>
+    Math.min(Math.max(value, min), max);
+
+const randomRangeInt = (
+    rng: RandomGenerator,
+    min: number,
+    max: number
+): number => rng.nextInt(min, max + 1);
+
+const getStatValue = (
+    general: General,
+    statKey: 'leadership' | 'strength' | 'intelligence'
+): number => {
+    if (statKey === 'leadership') {
+        return general.stats.leadership;
+    }
+    if (statKey === 'strength') {
+        return general.stats.strength;
+    }
+    return general.stats.intelligence;
+};
+
+const addMetaNumber = (
+    meta: Record<string, TriggerValue>,
+    key: string,
+    delta: number
+): Record<string, TriggerValue> => {
+    const current = typeof meta[key] === 'number' ? (meta[key] as number) : 0;
+    return { ...meta, [key]: current + delta };
+};
+
+// 화계 성공/실패 및 피해량 계산을 담당한다.
+export class CommandResolver<
+    TriggerState extends GeneralTriggerState = GeneralTriggerState
+> {
+    private readonly pipeline: GeneralActionPipeline<TriggerState>;
+    private readonly env: FireAttackEnvironment;
+    private readonly statKey: 'leadership' | 'strength' | 'intelligence';
+
+    constructor(
+        modules: Array<GeneralActionModule<TriggerState> | null | undefined>,
+        env: FireAttackEnvironment
+    ) {
+        this.pipeline = new GeneralActionPipeline(modules);
+        this.env = env;
+        this.statKey = env.statKey ?? 'intelligence';
+    }
+
+    getCost(): { gold: number; rice: number } {
+        const cost = this.env.develCost * 5;
+        return { gold: cost, rice: cost };
+    }
+
+    private calcAttackProb(
+        context: FireAttackContext<TriggerState>
+    ): number {
+        const stat = getStatValue(context.general, this.statKey);
+        let prob = stat / this.env.sabotageProbCoefByStat;
+        return this.pipeline.onCalcDomestic(
+            context,
+            ACTION_KEY,
+            'success',
+            prob
+        );
+    }
+
+    private calcDefenceProb(
+        context: FireAttackContext<TriggerState>
+    ): number {
+        const destNationId = context.destCity.nationId;
+        let maxStat = 0;
+        let probCorrection = 0;
+        let affectCount = 0;
+
+        for (const defender of context.destGenerals) {
+            if (defender.nationId !== destNationId) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            affectCount += 1;
+            maxStat = Math.max(
+                maxStat,
+                getStatValue(defender, this.statKey)
+            );
+            probCorrection +=
+                this.env.getDefenceCorrection?.(context, defender) ?? 0;
+        }
+
+        let prob = maxStat / this.env.sabotageProbCoefByStat;
+        prob += probCorrection;
+        prob +=
+            (Math.log2(affectCount + 1) - 1.25) *
+            this.env.sabotageDefenceCoefByGeneralCount;
+
+        prob += context.destCity.security / context.destCity.securityMax / 5;
+        prob += context.destCity.supplyState ? 0.1 : 0;
+
+        return prob;
+    }
+
+    resolve(
+        context: FireAttackContext<TriggerState>,
+        rng: RandomGenerator
+    ): FireAttackResult<TriggerState> {
+        const { gold: costGold, rice: costRice } = this.getCost();
+        const distance =
+            this.env.getDistance?.(context.general.cityId, context.destCity.id) ??
+            99;
+
+        const attackProb = this.calcAttackProb(context);
+        const defenceProb = this.calcDefenceProb(context);
+        let probability =
+            this.env.sabotageDefaultProb + attackProb - defenceProb;
+        probability /= distance;
+        probability = clamp(
+            probability,
+            0,
+            this.env.maxSuccessProbability ?? DEFAULT_MAX_PROB
+        );
+
+        const success = rng.nextBool(probability);
+        const expRange: [number, number] = success ? [201, 300] : [1, 100];
+        const dedRange: [number, number] = success ? [141, 210] : [1, 70];
+        const exp = randomRangeInt(rng, expRange[0], expRange[1]);
+        const dedication = randomRangeInt(rng, dedRange[0], dedRange[1]);
+
+        if (!success) {
+            return {
+                success,
+                probability,
+                distance,
+                costGold,
+                costRice,
+                exp,
+                dedication,
+                agriDamage: 0,
+                commDamage: 0,
+                injuryCount: 0,
+                injuredGenerals: [],
+            };
+        }
+
+        const agriDamage = clamp(
+            randomRangeInt(
+                rng,
+                this.env.sabotageDamageMin,
+                this.env.sabotageDamageMax
+            ),
+            0,
+            context.destCity.agriculture
+        );
+        const commDamage = clamp(
+            randomRangeInt(
+                rng,
+                this.env.sabotageDamageMin,
+                this.env.sabotageDamageMax
+            ),
+            0,
+            context.destCity.commerce
+        );
+
+        const injuryProbDefault = 0.3;
+        const injuredGenerals: Array<{
+            id: number;
+            patch: Partial<General<TriggerState>>;
+        }> = [];
+        for (const defender of context.destGenerals) {
+            if (defender.nationId !== context.destCity.nationId) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            const injuryProb =
+                this.env.getInjuryProbability?.(context, defender) ??
+                injuryProbDefault;
+            if (!rng.nextBool(injuryProb)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            const injuryAmount = randomRangeInt(rng, 1, 16);
+            injuredGenerals.push({
+                id: defender.id,
+                patch: {
+                    injury: clamp(
+                        defender.injury + injuryAmount,
+                        0,
+                        INJURY_MAX
+                    ),
+                    crew: Math.floor(defender.crew * 0.98),
+                    train: Math.floor(defender.train * 0.98),
+                },
+            });
+        }
+
+        return {
+            success,
+            probability,
+            distance,
+            costGold,
+            costRice,
+            exp,
+            dedication,
+            agriDamage,
+            commDamage,
+            injuryCount: injuredGenerals.length,
+            injuredGenerals,
+        };
+    }
+}
+
+export class ActionResolver<
+    TriggerState extends GeneralTriggerState = GeneralTriggerState
+> implements GeneralActionResolver<TriggerState, FireAttackArgs> {
+    readonly key = 'che_화계';
+    private readonly command: CommandResolver<TriggerState>;
+
+    constructor(
+        modules: Array<GeneralActionModule<TriggerState> | null | undefined>,
+        env: FireAttackEnvironment
+    ) {
+        this.command = new CommandResolver(modules, env);
+    }
+
+    resolve(
+        context: FireAttackResolveContext<TriggerState>,
+        _args: FireAttackArgs
+    ): GeneralActionOutcome<TriggerState> {
+        void _args;
+        const city = context.city;
+        if (!city) {
+            throw new Error('Fire attack requires a city context.');
+        }
+
+        const result = this.command.resolve(
+            {
+                ...context,
+                city,
+                nation: context.nation ?? null,
+                destCity: context.destCity,
+                destNation: context.destNation ?? null,
+                destGenerals: context.destGenerals,
+            },
+            context.rng
+        );
+
+        const effects: Array<GeneralActionEffect<TriggerState>> = [];
+
+        const nextGold = Math.max(0, context.general.gold - result.costGold);
+        const nextRice = Math.max(0, context.general.rice - result.costRice);
+        const nextExperience = context.general.experience + result.exp;
+        const nextDedication = context.general.dedication + result.dedication;
+
+        const metaWithStatExp = addMetaNumber(
+            context.general.meta,
+            STAT_EXP_KEY,
+            1
+        );
+        const metaUpdated = result.success
+            ? addMetaNumber(metaWithStatExp, 'firenum', 1)
+            : metaWithStatExp;
+
+        effects.push(
+            createGeneralPatchEffect({
+                gold: nextGold,
+                rice: nextRice,
+                experience: nextExperience,
+                dedication: nextDedication,
+                meta: metaUpdated,
+            })
+        );
+
+        if (!result.success) {
+            effects.push(
+                createLogEffect(
+                    `<G><b>${context.destCity.name}</b></>에 ${ACTION_NAME} 실패했습니다.`,
+                    {
+                        format: LogFormat.MONTH,
+                    }
+                )
+            );
+            return { effects };
+        }
+
+        const updatedCityMeta: Record<string, TriggerValue> = {
+            ...context.destCity.meta,
+            state: CITY_STATE_BURNING,
+        };
+
+        effects.push(
+            createCityPatchEffect(
+                {
+                    agriculture: context.destCity.agriculture - result.agriDamage,
+                    commerce: context.destCity.commerce - result.commDamage,
+                    meta: updatedCityMeta,
+                },
+                context.destCity.id
+            )
+        );
+
+        effects.push(
+            createLogEffect(
+                `<G><b>${context.destCity.name}</b></>이 불타고 있습니다.`,
+                {
+                    scope: LogScope.SYSTEM,
+                    category: LogCategory.SUMMARY,
+                    format: LogFormat.MONTH,
+                }
+            )
+        );
+        effects.push(
+            createLogEffect(
+                `<G><b>${context.destCity.name}</b></>에 ${ACTION_NAME} 성공했습니다.`,
+                {
+                    format: LogFormat.MONTH,
+                }
+            )
+        );
+        effects.push(
+            createLogEffect(
+                `도시의 농업이 <C>${result.agriDamage}</>, 상업이 <C>${result.commDamage}</>만큼 감소하고, 장수 <C>${result.injuryCount}</>명이 부상 당했습니다.`,
+                {
+                    format: LogFormat.PLAIN,
+                }
+            )
+        );
+
+        for (const injured of result.injuredGenerals) {
+            effects.push(
+                createGeneralPatchEffect(injured.patch, injured.id)
+            );
+            effects.push(
+                createLogEffect(
+                    `<M>${ACTION_KEY}</>로 인해 <R>부상</>을 당했습니다.`,
+                    {
+                        generalId: injured.id,
+                        format: LogFormat.MONTH,
+                    }
+                )
+            );
+        }
+
+        return { effects };
+    }
+}
+
+export class ActionDefinition<
+    TriggerState extends GeneralTriggerState = GeneralTriggerState
+> implements GeneralActionDefinition<TriggerState, FireAttackArgs, FireAttackResolveContext<TriggerState>> {
+    public readonly key = 'che_화계';
+    public readonly name = ACTION_NAME;
+    private readonly command: CommandResolver<TriggerState>;
+    private readonly resolver: ActionResolver<TriggerState>;
+
+    constructor(
+        modules: Array<GeneralActionModule<TriggerState> | null | undefined>,
+        env: FireAttackEnvironment
+    ) {
+        this.command = new CommandResolver(modules, env);
+        this.resolver = new ActionResolver(modules, env);
+    }
+
+    parseArgs(raw: unknown): FireAttackArgs | null {
+        if (!raw || typeof raw !== 'object') {
+            return null;
+        }
+        const destCityId = (raw as { destCityId?: unknown }).destCityId;
+        if (typeof destCityId !== 'number' || Number.isNaN(destCityId)) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return { destCityId };
+    }
+
+    buildConstraints(
+        _ctx: ConstraintContext,
+        _args: FireAttackArgs
+    ): Constraint[] {
+        void _ctx;
+        void _args;
+        const { gold, rice } = this.command.getCost();
+        return [
+            notBeNeutral(),
+            occupiedCity(),
+            suppliedCity(),
+            existsDestCity(),
+            notOccupiedDestCity(),
+            notNeutralDestCity(),
+            reqGeneralGold(() => gold),
+            reqGeneralRice(() => rice),
+            disallowDiplomacyBetweenStatus({
+                7: '불가침국입니다.',
+            }),
+        ];
+    }
+
+    resolve(
+        context: FireAttackResolveContext<TriggerState>,
+        args: FireAttackArgs
+    ): GeneralActionOutcome<TriggerState> {
+        return this.resolver.resolve(context, args);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/packages/logic/src/actions/turn/general/index.ts b/packages/logic/src/actions/turn/general/index.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9267377
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/logic/src/actions/turn/general/index.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+export type GeneralTurnCommandKey = 'che_상업투자' | 'che_화계';
+
+export type GeneralTurnCommandModule =
+    | typeof import('./che_상업투자.js')
+    | typeof import('./che_화계.js');
+
+export type GeneralTurnCommandImporter = () => Promise<GeneralTurnCommandModule>;
+
+const defaultImporters: Record<
+    GeneralTurnCommandKey,
+    GeneralTurnCommandImporter
+> = {
+    che_상업투자: async () => import('./che_상업투자.js'),
+    che_화계: async () => import('./che_화계.js'),
+};
+
+export class GeneralTurnCommandLoader {
+    constructor(
+        private readonly importers: Record<
+            GeneralTurnCommandKey,
+            GeneralTurnCommandImporter
+        > = defaultImporters
+    ) {}
+
+    async load(
+        key: GeneralTurnCommandKey
+    ): Promise<GeneralTurnCommandModule> {
+        const importer = this.importers[key];
+        if (!importer) {
+            throw new Error(`Unknown general turn command key: ${key}`);
+        }
+        return importer();
+    }
+}
+
+export {
+    ActionDefinition as CommerceInvestmentActionDefinition,
+    ActionResolver as CommerceInvestmentActionResolver,
+    CommandResolver as CommerceInvestmentCommandResolver,
+} from './che_상업투자.js';
+export {
+    ActionDefinition as FireAttackActionDefinition,
+    ActionResolver as FireAttackActionResolver,
+    CommandResolver as FireAttackCommandResolver,
+} from './che_화계.js';
diff --git a/packages/logic/src/actions/turn/nation/index.ts b/packages/logic/src/actions/turn/nation/index.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb0ff5c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/logic/src/actions/turn/nation/index.ts
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+export {};
diff --git a/packages/logic/src/constraints/evaluate.ts b/packages/logic/src/constraints/evaluate.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b09e8f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/logic/src/constraints/evaluate.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+import type {
+    Constraint,
+    ConstraintContext,
+    ConstraintResult,
+    RequirementKey,
+    StateView,
+} from './types.js';
+
+export const evaluateConstraints = (
+    constraints: Constraint[],
+    ctx: ConstraintContext,
+    view: StateView
+): ConstraintResult => {
+    for (const constraint of constraints) {
+        const missing = constraint
+            .requires(ctx)
+            .filter((req) => !view.has(req));
+        if (missing.length > 0 && ctx.mode === 'precheck') {
+            return { kind: 'unknown', missing };
+        }
+        const result = constraint.test(ctx, view);
+        if (result.kind !== 'allow') {
+            return result;
+        }
+    }
+    return { kind: 'allow' };
+};
+
+export const collectRequirements = (
+    constraints: Constraint[],
+    ctx: ConstraintContext
+): RequirementKey[] => {
+    const keys: RequirementKey[] = [];
+    for (const constraint of constraints) {
+        keys.push(...constraint.requires(ctx));
+    }
+    return keys;
+};
diff --git a/packages/logic/src/constraints/index.ts b/packages/logic/src/constraints/index.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..24d6471
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/logic/src/constraints/index.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+export * from './evaluate.js';
+export * from './presets.js';
+export * from './types.js';
diff --git a/packages/logic/src/constraints/presets.ts b/packages/logic/src/constraints/presets.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8d0dbf4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/logic/src/constraints/presets.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,443 @@
+import type { City, General, Nation } from '../domain/entities.js';
+import type {
+    Constraint,
+    ConstraintContext,
+    ConstraintResult,
+    RequirementKey,
+    StateView,
+} from './types.js';
+
+const allow = (): ConstraintResult => ({ kind: 'allow' });
+
+const unknownOrDeny = (
+    ctx: ConstraintContext,
+    missing: RequirementKey[],
+    reason: string
+): ConstraintResult =>
+    ctx.mode === 'precheck'
+        ? { kind: 'unknown', missing }
+        : { kind: 'deny', reason };
+
+const readGeneral = (
+    ctx: ConstraintContext,
+    view: StateView
+): General | null => {
+    const req: RequirementKey = { kind: 'general', id: ctx.actorId };
+    if (!view.has(req)) {
+        return null;
+    }
+    return view.get(req) as General | null;
+};
+
+const readCity = (view: StateView, id?: number): City | null => {
+    if (id === undefined) {
+        return null;
+    }
+    const req: RequirementKey = { kind: 'city', id };
+    if (!view.has(req)) {
+        return null;
+    }
+    return view.get(req) as City | null;
+};
+
+const resolveDestCityId = (ctx: ConstraintContext): number | undefined => {
+    if (ctx.destCityId !== undefined) {
+        return ctx.destCityId;
+    }
+    const raw = ctx.args?.destCityId;
+    return typeof raw === 'number' ? raw : undefined;
+};
+
+const resolveDestNationId = (ctx: ConstraintContext): number | undefined => {
+    if (ctx.destNationId !== undefined) {
+        return ctx.destNationId;
+    }
+    const raw = ctx.args?.destNationId;
+    return typeof raw === 'number' ? raw : undefined;
+};
+
+const readDestCity = (
+    ctx: ConstraintContext,
+    view: StateView
+): City | null => {
+    const destCityId = resolveDestCityId(ctx);
+    return readCity(view, destCityId);
+};
+
+const readNation = (
+    view: StateView,
+    id?: number
+): Nation | null => {
+    if (id === undefined) {
+        return null;
+    }
+    const req: RequirementKey = { kind: 'nation', id };
+    if (!view.has(req)) {
+        return null;
+    }
+    return view.get(req) as Nation | null;
+};
+
+const readDiplomacyState = (
+    view: StateView,
+    srcNationId: number,
+    destNationId: number
+): number | null => {
+    const req: RequirementKey = {
+        kind: 'diplomacy',
+        srcNationId,
+        destNationId,
+    };
+    if (!view.has(req)) {
+        return null;
+    }
+    const value = view.get(req);
+    if (typeof value === 'number') {
+        return value;
+    }
+    if (value && typeof value === 'object') {
+        const state = (value as { state?: number; stateCode?: number }).state;
+        const stateCode = (value as { state?: number; stateCode?: number }).stateCode;
+        if (typeof state === 'number') {
+            return state;
+        }
+        if (typeof stateCode === 'number') {
+            return stateCode;
+        }
+    }
+    return null;
+};
+
+export const notBeNeutral = (): Constraint => ({
+    name: 'NotBeNeutral',
+    requires: (ctx) => [{ kind: 'general', id: ctx.actorId }],
+    test: (ctx, view) => {
+        const req: RequirementKey = { kind: 'general', id: ctx.actorId };
+        if (!view.has(req)) {
+            return unknownOrDeny(ctx, [req], '장수 정보가 없습니다.');
+        }
+        const general = view.get(req) as General | null;
+        if (!general) {
+            return unknownOrDeny(ctx, [req], '장수 정보가 없습니다.');
+        }
+        if (general.nationId !== 0) {
+            return allow();
+        }
+        return { kind: 'deny', reason: '재야입니다.' };
+    },
+});
+
+export const notWanderingNation = (): Constraint => ({
+    name: 'NotWanderingNation',
+    requires: (ctx) =>
+        ctx.nationId !== undefined
+            ? [{ kind: 'nation', id: ctx.nationId }]
+            : [],
+    test: (ctx, view) => {
+        const nation = readNation(view, ctx.nationId);
+        if (!nation) {
+            if (ctx.nationId === undefined) {
+                return unknownOrDeny(ctx, [], '국가 정보가 없습니다.');
+            }
+            const req: RequirementKey = { kind: 'nation', id: ctx.nationId };
+            return unknownOrDeny(ctx, [req], '국가 정보가 없습니다.');
+        }
+        if (nation.level !== 0) {
+            return allow();
+        }
+        return { kind: 'deny', reason: '방랑군은 불가능합니다.' };
+    },
+});
+
+export const occupiedCity = (
+    options: { allowNeutral?: boolean } = {}
+): Constraint => ({
+    name: 'OccupiedCity',
+    requires: (ctx) => {
+        const reqs: RequirementKey[] = [{ kind: 'general', id: ctx.actorId }];
+        if (ctx.cityId !== undefined) {
+            reqs.push({ kind: 'city', id: ctx.cityId });
+        }
+        return reqs;
+    },
+    test: (ctx, view) => {
+        const generalReq: RequirementKey = { kind: 'general', id: ctx.actorId };
+        if (!view.has(generalReq)) {
+            return unknownOrDeny(ctx, [generalReq], '장수 정보가 없습니다.');
+        }
+        const general = view.get(generalReq) as General | null;
+        if (!general) {
+            return unknownOrDeny(ctx, [generalReq], '장수 정보가 없습니다.');
+        }
+        if (options.allowNeutral && general.nationId === 0) {
+            return allow();
+        }
+        const cityId = ctx.cityId ?? general.cityId;
+        const cityReq: RequirementKey = { kind: 'city', id: cityId };
+        if (!view.has(cityReq)) {
+            return unknownOrDeny(ctx, [cityReq], '도시 정보가 없습니다.');
+        }
+        const city = view.get(cityReq) as City | null;
+        if (!city) {
+            return unknownOrDeny(ctx, [cityReq], '도시 정보가 없습니다.');
+        }
+        if (city.nationId === general.nationId) {
+            return allow();
+        }
+        return { kind: 'deny', reason: '아국이 아닙니다.' };
+    },
+});
+
+export const suppliedCity = (): Constraint => ({
+    name: 'SuppliedCity',
+    requires: (ctx) =>
+        ctx.cityId !== undefined ? [{ kind: 'city', id: ctx.cityId }] : [],
+    test: (ctx, view) => {
+        const city = readCity(view, ctx.cityId);
+        if (!city) {
+            if (ctx.cityId === undefined) {
+                return unknownOrDeny(ctx, [], '도시 정보가 없습니다.');
+            }
+            const req: RequirementKey = { kind: 'city', id: ctx.cityId };
+            return unknownOrDeny(ctx, [req], '도시 정보가 없습니다.');
+        }
+        if (city.supplyState) {
+            return allow();
+        }
+        return { kind: 'deny', reason: '고립된 도시입니다.' };
+    },
+});
+
+export const reqGeneralGold = (
+    getRequiredGold: (ctx: ConstraintContext, view: StateView) => number,
+    requirements: RequirementKey[] = []
+): Constraint => ({
+    name: 'ReqGeneralGold',
+    requires: (ctx) => [{ kind: 'general', id: ctx.actorId }, ...requirements],
+    test: (ctx, view) => {
+        const generalReq: RequirementKey = { kind: 'general', id: ctx.actorId };
+        const missing = [generalReq, ...requirements].filter(
+            (req) => !view.has(req)
+        );
+        if (missing.length > 0) {
+            return unknownOrDeny(ctx, missing, '장수 정보가 없습니다.');
+        }
+        const general = view.get(generalReq) as General | null;
+        if (!general) {
+            return unknownOrDeny(ctx, [generalReq], '장수 정보가 없습니다.');
+        }
+        const required = getRequiredGold(ctx, view);
+        if (general.gold >= required) {
+            return allow();
+        }
+        return { kind: 'deny', reason: '자금이 모자랍니다.' };
+    },
+});
+
+export const reqGeneralRice = (
+    getRequiredRice: (ctx: ConstraintContext, view: StateView) => number,
+    requirements: RequirementKey[] = []
+): Constraint => ({
+    name: 'ReqGeneralRice',
+    requires: (ctx) => [{ kind: 'general', id: ctx.actorId }, ...requirements],
+    test: (ctx, view) => {
+        const generalReq: RequirementKey = { kind: 'general', id: ctx.actorId };
+        const missing = [generalReq, ...requirements].filter(
+            (req) => !view.has(req)
+        );
+        if (missing.length > 0) {
+            return unknownOrDeny(ctx, missing, '장수 정보가 없습니다.');
+        }
+        const general = view.get(generalReq) as General | null;
+        if (!general) {
+            return unknownOrDeny(ctx, [generalReq], '장수 정보가 없습니다.');
+        }
+        const required = getRequiredRice(ctx, view);
+        if (general.rice >= required) {
+            return allow();
+        }
+        return { kind: 'deny', reason: '군량이 모자랍니다.' };
+    },
+});
+
+export const remainCityCapacity = (
+    key: string,
+    label: string
+): Constraint => ({
+    name: 'RemainCityCapacity',
+    requires: (ctx) =>
+        ctx.cityId !== undefined ? [{ kind: 'city', id: ctx.cityId }] : [],
+    test: (ctx, view) => {
+        const city = readCity(view, ctx.cityId);
+        if (!city) {
+            if (ctx.cityId === undefined) {
+                return unknownOrDeny(ctx, [], '도시 정보가 없습니다.');
+            }
+            const req: RequirementKey = { kind: 'city', id: ctx.cityId };
+            return unknownOrDeny(ctx, [req], '도시 정보가 없습니다.');
+        }
+        const record = city as unknown as Record<string, number | undefined>;
+        const maxKey = `${key}_max`;
+        const current = record[key];
+        const max = record[maxKey];
+        if (current === undefined || max === undefined) {
+            return unknownOrDeny(ctx, [], '도시 정보가 없습니다.');
+        }
+        if (current < max) {
+            return allow();
+        }
+        return { kind: 'deny', reason: `${label}이 충분합니다.` };
+    },
+});
+
+export const existsDestCity = (): Constraint => ({
+    name: 'ExistsDestCity',
+    requires: (ctx) =>
+        resolveDestCityId(ctx) !== undefined
+            ? [
+                  {
+                      kind: 'destCity',
+                      id: resolveDestCityId(ctx) ?? 0,
+                  },
+              ]
+            : [],
+    test: (ctx, view) => {
+        const destCityId = resolveDestCityId(ctx);
+        if (destCityId === undefined) {
+            return unknownOrDeny(ctx, [], '도시 정보가 없습니다.');
+        }
+        const req: RequirementKey = { kind: 'destCity', id: destCityId };
+        if (!view.has(req)) {
+            return unknownOrDeny(ctx, [req], '도시 정보가 없습니다.');
+        }
+        const city = view.get(req) as City | null;
+        if (!city) {
+            return { kind: 'deny', reason: '도시 정보가 없습니다.' };
+        }
+        return allow();
+    },
+});
+
+export const notOccupiedDestCity = (): Constraint => ({
+    name: 'NotOccupiedDestCity',
+    requires: (ctx) => {
+        const reqs: RequirementKey[] = [{ kind: 'general', id: ctx.actorId }];
+        const destCityId = resolveDestCityId(ctx);
+        if (destCityId !== undefined) {
+            reqs.push({ kind: 'destCity', id: destCityId });
+        }
+        return reqs;
+    },
+    test: (ctx, view) => {
+        const generalReq: RequirementKey = { kind: 'general', id: ctx.actorId };
+        if (!view.has(generalReq)) {
+            return unknownOrDeny(ctx, [generalReq], '장수 정보가 없습니다.');
+        }
+        const general = view.get(generalReq) as General | null;
+        if (!general) {
+            return unknownOrDeny(ctx, [generalReq], '장수 정보가 없습니다.');
+        }
+        const destCity = readDestCity(ctx, view);
+        if (!destCity) {
+            const destCityId = resolveDestCityId(ctx);
+            if (destCityId === undefined) {
+                return unknownOrDeny(ctx, [], '도시 정보가 없습니다.');
+            }
+            const req: RequirementKey = {
+                kind: 'destCity',
+                id: destCityId,
+            };
+            return unknownOrDeny(ctx, [req], '도시 정보가 없습니다.');
+        }
+        if (destCity.nationId !== general.nationId) {
+            return allow();
+        }
+        return { kind: 'deny', reason: '아국입니다.' };
+    },
+});
+
+export const notNeutralDestCity = (): Constraint => ({
+    name: 'NotNeutralDestCity',
+    requires: (ctx) =>
+        resolveDestCityId(ctx) !== undefined
+            ? [
+                  {
+                      kind: 'destCity',
+                      id: resolveDestCityId(ctx) ?? 0,
+                  },
+              ]
+            : [],
+    test: (ctx, view) => {
+        const destCity = readDestCity(ctx, view);
+        if (!destCity) {
+            const destCityId = resolveDestCityId(ctx);
+            if (destCityId === undefined) {
+                return unknownOrDeny(ctx, [], '도시 정보가 없습니다.');
+            }
+            const req: RequirementKey = {
+                kind: 'destCity',
+                id: destCityId,
+            };
+            return unknownOrDeny(ctx, [req], '도시 정보가 없습니다.');
+        }
+        if (destCity.nationId !== 0) {
+            return allow();
+        }
+        return { kind: 'deny', reason: '공백지입니다.' };
+    },
+});
+
+export const disallowDiplomacyBetweenStatus = (
+    disallowList: Record<number, string>
+): Constraint => ({
+    name: 'DisallowDiplomacyBetweenStatus',
+    requires: (ctx) => {
+        const reqs: RequirementKey[] = [];
+        if (ctx.nationId !== undefined) {
+            reqs.push({ kind: 'nation', id: ctx.nationId });
+        }
+        const destNationId = resolveDestNationId(ctx);
+        if (destNationId !== undefined) {
+            reqs.push({ kind: 'destNation', id: destNationId });
+            if (ctx.nationId !== undefined) {
+                reqs.push({
+                    kind: 'diplomacy',
+                    srcNationId: ctx.nationId,
+                    destNationId,
+                });
+            }
+        }
+        const destCityId = resolveDestCityId(ctx);
+        if (destCityId !== undefined) {
+            reqs.push({ kind: 'destCity', id: destCityId });
+        }
+        return reqs;
+    },
+    test: (ctx, view) => {
+        const general = readGeneral(ctx, view);
+        const baseNationId = ctx.nationId ?? general?.nationId;
+        if (baseNationId === undefined) {
+            return unknownOrDeny(ctx, [], '국가 정보가 없습니다.');
+        }
+        const destCity = readDestCity(ctx, view);
+        const destNationId =
+            resolveDestNationId(ctx) ?? destCity?.nationId;
+        if (destNationId === undefined) {
+            return unknownOrDeny(ctx, [], '상대 국가 정보가 없습니다.');
+        }
+        const state = readDiplomacyState(view, baseNationId, destNationId);
+        if (state === null) {
+            const req: RequirementKey = {
+                kind: 'diplomacy',
+                srcNationId: baseNationId,
+                destNationId,
+            };
+            return unknownOrDeny(ctx, [req], '외교 정보가 없습니다.');
+        }
+        const reason = disallowList[state];
+        if (reason !== undefined) {
+            return { kind: 'deny', reason };
+        }
+        return allow();
+    },
+});
diff --git a/packages/logic/src/constraints/types.ts b/packages/logic/src/constraints/types.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dbfe287
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/logic/src/constraints/types.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+export type ConstraintResult =
+    | { kind: 'allow' }
+    | { kind: 'deny'; reason: string; code?: string }
+    | { kind: 'unknown'; missing: RequirementKey[] };
+
+export type RequirementKey =
+    | { kind: 'general'; id: number }
+    | { kind: 'city'; id: number }
+    | { kind: 'nation'; id: number }
+    | { kind: 'destGeneral'; id: number }
+    | { kind: 'destCity'; id: number }
+    | { kind: 'destNation'; id: number }
+    | { kind: 'diplomacy'; srcNationId: number; destNationId: number }
+    | { kind: 'arg'; key: string }
+    | { kind: 'env'; key: string };
+
+export interface ConstraintContext {
+    actorId: number;
+    cityId?: number;
+    nationId?: number;
+    destGeneralId?: number;
+    destCityId?: number;
+    destNationId?: number;
+    args: Record<string, unknown>;
+    env: Record<string, unknown>;
+    mode: 'full' | 'precheck';
+}
+
+export interface StateView {
+    has(req: RequirementKey): boolean;
+    get(req: RequirementKey): unknown | null;
+}
+
+export interface Constraint {
+    name: string;
+    requires(ctx: ConstraintContext): RequirementKey[];
+    test(ctx: ConstraintContext, view: StateView): ConstraintResult;
+}
diff --git a/packages/logic/src/index.ts b/packages/logic/src/index.ts
index 287e613..ec2d37d 100644
--- a/packages/logic/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/logic/src/index.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 export * from './domain/entities.js';
 export type { RandomGenerator } from '@sammo-ts/common';
 export * from './actions/index.js';
+export * from './constraints/index.js';
 export * from './logging/index.js';
 export * from './ports/world.js';
 export * from './ports/worldSnapshot.js';