diff --git a/app/game-frontend/e2e/directoryLists.spec.ts b/app/game-frontend/e2e/directoryLists.spec.ts
index 560e2b67..bcd7b16b 100644
--- a/app/game-frontend/e2e/directoryLists.spec.ts
+++ b/app/game-frontend/e2e/directoryLists.spec.ts
@@ -431,13 +431,20 @@ test('nation and general directories preserve the fixed legacy Chromium geometry
     }
 });
 
-test('general directory submits the legacy sort selector and keeps wounded/bonus rendering', async ({ page }) => {
-    await install(page);
+test('general directory sorts the loaded rows locally in a stable three-state cycle', async ({ page }) => {
+    const requestedOperations: string[] = [];
+    await install(page, 'general', [], requestedOperations);
     await page.goto('general-list');
     await expect(page.locator('tbody tr[data-general-id]')).toHaveCount(2);
     await page.selectOption('#viewType', '8');
     await page.getByRole('button', { name: '정렬하기' }).click();
+    await expect(page.locator('tbody tr[data-general-id]').first()).toHaveAttribute('data-general-id', '10');
+    await page.getByRole('button', { name: '정렬하기' }).click();
     await expect(page.locator('tbody tr[data-general-id]').first()).toHaveAttribute('data-general-id', '20');
+    await page.getByRole('button', { name: '정렬하기' }).click();
+    await expect(page.locator('tbody tr[data-general-id]').first()).toHaveAttribute('data-general-id', '10');
+    expect(requestedOperations.filter((operation) => operation === 'world.getGeneralDirectory')).toHaveLength(1);
+
     await expect(page.locator('tbody tr[data-general-id="10"] .wounded').first()).toHaveText('81');
     await expect(page.locator('tbody tr[data-general-id="10"] .leadership-bonus')).toHaveText('+6');
 
@@ -489,10 +496,10 @@ test('directory sort controls stay legible in dark mode and sortable headers app
     expect(await submit.evaluate((element) => getComputedStyle(element).borderBottomWidth)).toBe('1px');
     await page.mouse.up();
 
-    await page.getByRole('button', { name: '삭턴 기준 정렬' }).click();
+    await page.getByRole('button', { name: /^삭턴 내림차순/u }).click();
     await expect(select).toHaveValue('8');
-    await expect(page.locator('th[aria-sort="ascending"]')).toContainText('삭턴');
-    await expect(page.locator('tbody tr[data-general-id]').first()).toHaveAttribute('data-general-id', '20');
+    await expect(page.locator('th[aria-sort="descending"]')).toContainText('삭턴');
+    await expect(page.locator('tbody tr[data-general-id]').first()).toHaveAttribute('data-general-id', '10');
     await page.screenshot({ path: testInfo.outputPath('directory-sort-controls-desktop.png'), fullPage: true });
 
     await page.setViewportSize({ width: 500, height: 844 });
@@ -501,6 +508,82 @@ test('directory sort controls stay legible in dark mode and sortable headers app
     await page.screenshot({ path: testInfo.outputPath('directory-sort-controls-mobile.png'), fullPage: true });
 });
 
+test('name and mixed-direction stable sorting reuse one response until explicit refresh', async ({ page }) => {
+    const requestedOperations: string[] = [];
+    await install(page, 'general', [], requestedOperations);
+    await page.goto('general-list');
+
+    const rows = page.locator('tbody tr[data-general-id]');
+    await page.getByRole('button', { name: /^이름 내림차순/u }).click();
+    await expect(rows.first()).toHaveAttribute('data-general-id', '10');
+    await page.getByRole('button', { name: /^이름 오름차순/u }).click();
+    await expect(rows.first()).toHaveAttribute('data-general-id', '20');
+    await page.getByRole('button', { name: /^이름 정렬 해제/u }).click();
+    await expect(rows.first()).toHaveAttribute('data-general-id', '10');
+
+    await page.getByRole('button', { name: /^통솔 내림차순/u }).click();
+    await page.getByRole('button', { name: /^무력 내림차순/u }).click();
+    await expect(rows.first()).toHaveAttribute('data-general-id', '20');
+    await expect(
+        page.getByRole('columnheader').filter({ hasText: '통솔' }).locator('.legacy-sort-indicator')
+    ).toHaveText('▼2');
+    await page.getByRole('button', { name: /^무력 오름차순/u }).click();
+    await expect(rows.first()).toHaveAttribute('data-general-id', '10');
+    expect(requestedOperations.filter((operation) => operation === 'world.getGeneralDirectory')).toHaveLength(1);
+
+    await page.getByRole('button', { name: '갱 신' }).click();
+    await expect
+        .poll(() => requestedOperations.filter((operation) => operation === 'world.getGeneralDirectory').length)
+        .toBe(2);
+    await expect(rows.first()).toHaveAttribute('data-general-id', '10');
+});
+
+test('trait and injury explanations appear on pointer hover and keyboard focus', async ({ page }, testInfo) => {
+    await install(page);
+    await page.goto('general-list');
+
+    const personality = page.locator('[data-directory-tooltip="personality-10"]');
+    await personality.hover();
+    await expect(personality.getByRole('tooltip')).toContainText('성격 · 대담');
+    await expect(personality.getByRole('tooltip')).toContainText('대담한 성격');
+
+    const domestic = page.locator('[data-directory-tooltip="special-domestic-10"]');
+    await domestic.hover();
+    await expect(domestic.getByRole('tooltip')).toContainText('내정 특기 · 상재');
+    await expect(domestic.getByRole('tooltip')).toContainText('상업 특기');
+
+    const war = page.locator('[data-directory-tooltip="special-war-10"]');
+    await war.focus();
+    await expect(war.getByRole('tooltip')).toContainText('전투 특기 · 귀모');
+    await expect(war.getByRole('tooltip')).toContainText('전투 특기');
+
+    const injury = page.locator('[data-directory-tooltip="injury-leadership-10"]');
+    await injury.hover();
+    await expect(injury.getByRole('tooltip')).toContainText('부상 10%');
+    await expect(injury.getByRole('tooltip')).toContainText('원래 통솔 90 → 적용 81');
+    const tooltipGeometry = await injury.getByRole('tooltip').evaluate((element) => {
+        const rect = element.getBoundingClientRect();
+        const style = getComputedStyle(element);
+        return {
+            left: rect.left,
+            right: window.innerWidth - rect.right,
+            display: style.display,
+            background: style.backgroundColor,
+            color: style.color,
+            fontSize: style.fontSize,
+        };
+    });
+    expect(tooltipGeometry.left).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(8);
+    expect(tooltipGeometry.right).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(8);
+    expect(tooltipGeometry).toMatchObject({
+        display: 'block',
+        background: 'rgb(16, 16, 16)',
+        color: 'rgb(245, 245, 245)',
+        fontSize: '12.5px',
+    });
+    await page.screenshot({ path: testInfo.outputPath('directory-trait-injury-tooltips.png'), fullPage: true });
+});
+
 test('npc directory reuses the dark sort controls and sorts from a table header', async ({ page }, testInfo) => {
     await install(page);
     await page.goto('npc-list');
@@ -544,7 +627,8 @@ test('nation directory reuses only the public general-directory row on hover and
         await expect(preview.locator('[data-general-card-id]')).toHaveCount(1);
         await expect(preview.locator('[data-general-card-id="10"]')).toContainText('조조');
         await expect(preview.locator('[data-general-card-id="10"]')).toContainText('대담');
-        await expect(preview.locator('[data-general-card-id="10"]')).toContainText('상재 / 귀모');
+        await expect(preview.locator('[data-directory-tooltip="card-special-domestic-10"]')).toContainText('상재');
+        await expect(preview.locator('[data-directory-tooltip="card-special-war-10"]')).toContainText('귀모');
         await expect(preview).not.toContainText('user-');
         await expect(preview).not.toContainText('secret');
 
@@ -687,8 +771,27 @@ test('nation and general directories rearrange for mobile and keep the tapped pr
         await expect(page.locator('.general-table')).toBeHidden();
         await expect(page.locator('.general-card-list')).toBeVisible();
         await expect(page.locator('.general-card-list [data-general-card-id]')).toHaveCount(2);
-        await expect(page.locator('[data-general-card-id="10"]')).toContainText('상재 / 귀모');
-        await expect(page.locator('[data-general-card-id="10"]')).toContainText('통솔81+6');
+        await expect(page.locator('[data-directory-tooltip="card-special-domestic-10"]')).toContainText('상재');
+        await expect(page.locator('[data-directory-tooltip="card-special-war-10"]')).toContainText('귀모');
+        await expect(page.locator('[data-directory-tooltip="card-injury-leadership-10"] > .wounded')).toHaveText(
+            '81'
+        );
+        await expect(page.locator('[data-general-card-id="10"] .leadership-bonus')).toHaveText('+6');
+        const mobileInjury = page.locator('[data-directory-tooltip="card-injury-leadership-10"]');
+        await mobileInjury.focus();
+        await expect(mobileInjury.getByRole('tooltip')).toBeVisible();
+        const mobileTooltipGeometry = await mobileInjury.getByRole('tooltip').evaluate((element) => {
+            const rect = element.getBoundingClientRect();
+            return {
+                left: rect.left,
+                right: window.innerWidth - rect.right,
+                width: rect.width,
+                innerWidth: window.innerWidth,
+            };
+        });
+        expect(mobileTooltipGeometry.left).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(8);
+        expect(mobileTooltipGeometry.right).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(8);
+        expect(mobileTooltipGeometry.width).toBeLessThanOrEqual(mobileTooltipGeometry.innerWidth - 16);
 
         const generalMetrics = await page.locator('.directory-page').evaluate((element) => {
             const rect = element.getBoundingClientRect();
@@ -760,11 +863,12 @@ test('a reused image element falls back for each newly broken account icon', asy
     await expect.poll(() => icon.evaluate((element) => (element as HTMLImageElement).naturalWidth)).toBe(64);
 });
 
-test('a failed resort retains the selected value and existing rows', async ({ page }) => {
+test('a failed explicit refresh retains the local sort selection and existing rows', async ({ page }) => {
     await install(page, 'error-after-load');
     await page.goto('general-list');
     await page.selectOption('#viewType', '8');
     await page.getByRole('button', { name: '정렬하기' }).click();
+    await page.getByRole('button', { name: '갱 신' }).click();
     await expect(page.getByRole('alert')).toContainText('권한 확인 실패');
     await expect(page.locator('#viewType')).toHaveValue('8');
     await expect(page.locator('tbody tr[data-general-id]')).toHaveCount(2);
diff --git a/app/game-frontend/src/components/directory/DirectoryTooltip.vue b/app/game-frontend/src/components/directory/DirectoryTooltip.vue
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9106f8e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/game-frontend/src/components/directory/DirectoryTooltip.vue
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+<script setup lang="ts">
+defineProps<{
+    title: string;
+    description?: string | null;
+    testId?: string;
+}>();
+</script>
+
+<template>
+    <span
+        class="directory-tooltip"
+        :class="{ 'directory-tooltip--enabled': description }"
+        :tabindex="description ? 0 : undefined"
+        :data-directory-tooltip="testId"
+    >
+        <slot />
+        <span v-if="description" class="directory-tooltip__content" role="tooltip">
+            <strong>{{ title }}</strong>
+            <span>{{ description }}</span>
+        </span>
+    </span>
+</template>
+
+<style scoped>
+.directory-tooltip {
+    position: relative;
+    display: inline;
+    min-width: 0;
+}
+.directory-tooltip--enabled {
+    cursor: help;
+    text-decoration: underline dotted rgb(150 210 255 / 85%);
+    text-underline-offset: 2px;
+}
+.directory-tooltip--enabled:focus-visible {
+    border-radius: 2px;
+    outline: 1px solid #6fc7ff;
+    outline-offset: 1px;
+}
+.directory-tooltip__content {
+    display: none;
+    position: absolute;
+    z-index: 30;
+    left: 50%;
+    bottom: calc(100% + 5px);
+    box-sizing: border-box;
+    width: max-content;
+    max-width: min(280px, calc(100vw - 16px));
+    transform: translateX(-50%);
+    border: 1px solid #8c8c8c;
+    border-radius: 3px;
+    padding: 7px 9px;
+    background: #101010;
+    box-shadow: 0 3px 12px rgb(0 0 0 / 65%);
+    color: #f5f5f5;
+    font-family: var(--sammo-font-sans);
+    font-size: 12.5px;
+    font-weight: 400;
+    line-height: 1.45;
+    text-align: left;
+    white-space: normal;
+    word-break: keep-all;
+}
+.directory-tooltip__content strong,
+.directory-tooltip__content span {
+    display: block;
+}
+.directory-tooltip__content strong {
+    margin-bottom: 4px;
+    color: #7fd4ff;
+    font-size: 13px;
+}
+.directory-tooltip--enabled:hover > .directory-tooltip__content,
+.directory-tooltip--enabled:focus > .directory-tooltip__content {
+    display: block;
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 600px) {
+    .directory-tooltip__content {
+        position: fixed;
+        right: 8px;
+        bottom: 8px;
+        left: 8px;
+        width: auto;
+        max-width: none;
+        transform: none;
+    }
+}
+</style>
diff --git a/app/game-frontend/src/components/directory/GeneralDirectoryStat.vue b/app/game-frontend/src/components/directory/GeneralDirectoryStat.vue
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a753c651
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/game-frontend/src/components/directory/GeneralDirectoryStat.vue
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import { computed } from 'vue';
+
+import DirectoryTooltip from './DirectoryTooltip.vue';
+
+const props = withDefaults(
+    defineProps<{
+        label: string;
+        value: number;
+        injury: number;
+        bonus?: number;
+        testId?: string;
+    }>(),
+    { bonus: 0, testId: undefined }
+);
+
+const displayedValue = computed(() =>
+    props.injury > 0 ? Math.trunc((props.value * (100 - props.injury)) / 100) : props.value
+);
+const injuryDescription = computed(() =>
+    props.injury > 0
+        ? `부상 ${props.injury}% · 원래 ${props.label} ${props.value} → 적용 ${displayedValue.value}`
+        : null
+);
+</script>
+
+<template>
+    <DirectoryTooltip :title="`${label} 부상`" :description="injuryDescription" :test-id="testId">
+        <span :class="{ wounded: injury > 0 }">{{ displayedValue }}</span>
+    </DirectoryTooltip>
+    <span v-if="bonus > 0" class="leadership-bonus">+{{ bonus }}</span>
+</template>
+
+<style scoped>
+.wounded {
+    color: red;
+}
+.leadership-bonus {
+    color: cyan;
+}
+</style>
diff --git a/app/game-frontend/src/components/directory/GeneralDirectoryTable.vue b/app/game-frontend/src/components/directory/GeneralDirectoryTable.vue
index 141d09cb..0d219719 100644
--- a/app/game-frontend/src/components/directory/GeneralDirectoryTable.vue
+++ b/app/game-frontend/src/components/directory/GeneralDirectoryTable.vue
@@ -3,13 +3,14 @@ import { resolveGeneralIconUrl, useDefaultGeneralIcon } from '../../utils/genera
 import { formatOfficerLevelText } from '../../utils/nationFormat';
 import { getNpcColor } from '../../utils/npcColor';
 import type { GeneralDirectoryGeneral } from '../../types/directory';
+import type { GeneralDirectorySortCriterion, GeneralDirectorySortKey } from '../../utils/generalDirectorySort';
+import DirectoryTooltip from './DirectoryTooltip.vue';
+import GeneralDirectoryStat from './GeneralDirectoryStat.vue';
 
 type SortDirection = 'ascending' | 'descending';
 type Header = {
     label: string;
-    sort?: number;
-    direction?: SortDirection;
-    title?: string;
+    sort?: GeneralDirectorySortKey;
 };
 
 const props = withDefaults(
@@ -17,12 +18,12 @@ const props = withDefaults(
         generals: GeneralDirectoryGeneral[];
         loading?: boolean;
         layout?: 'responsive' | 'card';
-        activeSort?: number;
+        sortCriteria?: readonly GeneralDirectorySortCriterion[];
     }>(),
     {
         loading: false,
         layout: 'responsive',
-        activeSort: undefined,
+        sortCriteria: () => [],
     }
 );
 
@@ -30,26 +31,43 @@ const emit = defineEmits<{ sort: [value: number] }>();
 
 const headers: ReadonlyArray<Header> = [
     { label: '얼 굴' },
-    { label: '이 름' },
-    { label: '연령', sort: 14, direction: 'descending' },
-    { label: '성격', sort: 11, direction: 'descending' },
+    { label: '이 름', sort: 0 },
+    { label: '연령', sort: 14 },
+    { label: '성격', sort: 11 },
     { label: '특기' },
-    { label: '레 벨', sort: 10, direction: 'descending' },
-    { label: '국 가', sort: 1, direction: 'ascending' },
-    { label: '명 성', sort: 5, direction: 'descending' },
-    { label: '계 급', sort: 6, direction: 'descending' },
-    { label: '관 직', sort: 7, direction: 'descending' },
-    { label: '통솔', sort: 2, direction: 'descending' },
-    { label: '무력', sort: 3, direction: 'descending' },
-    { label: '지력', sort: 4, direction: 'descending' },
-    { label: '삭턴', sort: 8, direction: 'ascending' },
-    { label: '벌점', sort: 9, direction: 'descending' },
+    { label: '레 벨', sort: 10 },
+    { label: '국 가', sort: 1 },
+    { label: '명 성', sort: 5 },
+    { label: '계 급', sort: 6 },
+    { label: '관 직', sort: 7 },
+    { label: '통솔', sort: 2 },
+    { label: '무력', sort: 3 },
+    { label: '지력', sort: 4 },
+    { label: '삭턴', sort: 8 },
+    { label: '벌점', sort: 9 },
 ];
 
+const criterionIndex = (header: Header): number =>
+    header.sort === undefined ? -1 : props.sortCriteria.findIndex(({ key }) => key === header.sort);
+const criterionFor = (header: Header): GeneralDirectorySortCriterion | undefined => {
+    const index = criterionIndex(header);
+    return index < 0 ? undefined : props.sortCriteria[index];
+};
 const ariaSort = (header: Header): SortDirection | undefined =>
-    header.sort === props.activeSort ? header.direction : undefined;
-
-const injuredStat = (value: number, injury: number): number => Math.trunc((value * (100 - injury)) / 100);
+    criterionIndex(header) === 0 ? criterionFor(header)?.direction : undefined;
+const sortIndicator = (header: Header): string => {
+    const index = criterionIndex(header);
+    if (index < 0) return '↕';
+    const arrow = criterionFor(header)?.direction === 'ascending' ? '▲' : '▼';
+    return props.sortCriteria.length > 1 ? `${arrow}${index + 1}` : arrow;
+};
+const nextSortAction = (header: Header): string => {
+    const direction = criterionFor(header)?.direction;
+    if (!direction) return '내림차순';
+    return direction === 'descending' ? '오름차순' : '정렬 해제';
+};
+const sortHelp = (header: Header): string =>
+    `${header.label.replaceAll(' ', '')} ${nextSortAction(header)}. 같은 값은 이전 정렬 순서를 유지합니다.`;
 </script>
 
 <template>
@@ -81,17 +99,14 @@ const injuredStat = (value: number, injury: number): number => Math.trunc((value
                     :aria-sort="ariaSort(header)"
                 >
                     <button
-                        v-if="header.sort !== undefined && activeSort !== undefined"
+                        v-if="header.sort !== undefined"
                         class="legacy-sort-header"
                         type="button"
-                        :aria-label="`${header.label.replaceAll(' ', '')} 기준 정렬`"
-                        :title="header.title ?? `${header.label.replaceAll(' ', '')} 기준 정렬`"
+                        :aria-label="sortHelp(header)"
+                        :title="sortHelp(header)"
                         @click="emit('sort', header.sort)"
                     >
-                        {{ header.label
-                        }}<span class="legacy-sort-indicator">{{
-                            header.sort === activeSort ? (header.direction === 'ascending' ? '▲' : '▼') : '↕'
-                        }}</span>
+                        {{ header.label }}<span class="legacy-sort-indicator">{{ sortIndicator(header) }}</span>
                     </button>
                     <template v-else>{{ header.label }}</template>
                 </th>
@@ -132,11 +147,30 @@ const injuredStat = (value: number, injury: number): number => Math.trunc((value
                 </td>
                 <td class="center">{{ general.age }}세</td>
                 <td class="center">
-                    <span :title="general.personality.info">{{ general.personality.name }}</span>
+                    <DirectoryTooltip
+                        :title="`성격 · ${general.personality.name}`"
+                        :description="general.personality.info"
+                        :test-id="`personality-${general.id}`"
+                    >
+                        {{ general.personality.name }}
+                    </DirectoryTooltip>
                 </td>
                 <td class="center">
-                    <span :title="general.specialDomestic.info">{{ general.specialDomestic.name }}</span> /
-                    <span :title="general.specialWar.info">{{ general.specialWar.name }}</span>
+                    <DirectoryTooltip
+                        :title="`내정 특기 · ${general.specialDomestic.name}`"
+                        :description="general.specialDomestic.info"
+                        :test-id="`special-domestic-${general.id}`"
+                    >
+                        {{ general.specialDomestic.name }}
+                    </DirectoryTooltip>
+                    /
+                    <DirectoryTooltip
+                        :title="`전투 특기 · ${general.specialWar.name}`"
+                        :description="general.specialWar.info"
+                        :test-id="`special-war-${general.id}`"
+                    >
+                        {{ general.specialWar.name }}
+                    </DirectoryTooltip>
                 </td>
                 <td class="center">Lv {{ general.experienceLevel }}</td>
                 <td class="center">{{ general.nationName }}</td>
@@ -144,22 +178,29 @@ const injuredStat = (value: number, injury: number): number => Math.trunc((value
                 <td class="center">{{ general.dedicationText }}</td>
                 <td class="center">{{ formatOfficerLevelText(general.officerLevel, general.nationLevel) }}</td>
                 <td class="center">
-                    <span :class="{ wounded: general.injury > 0 }">{{
-                        general.injury > 0 ? injuredStat(general.leadership, general.injury) : general.leadership
-                    }}</span
-                    ><span v-if="general.leadershipBonus > 0" class="leadership-bonus"
-                        >+{{ general.leadershipBonus }}</span
-                    >
+                    <GeneralDirectoryStat
+                        label="통솔"
+                        :value="general.leadership"
+                        :injury="general.injury"
+                        :bonus="general.leadershipBonus"
+                        :test-id="`injury-leadership-${general.id}`"
+                    />
                 </td>
                 <td class="center">
-                    <span :class="{ wounded: general.injury > 0 }">{{
-                        general.injury > 0 ? injuredStat(general.strength, general.injury) : general.strength
-                    }}</span>
+                    <GeneralDirectoryStat
+                        label="무력"
+                        :value="general.strength"
+                        :injury="general.injury"
+                        :test-id="`injury-strength-${general.id}`"
+                    />
                 </td>
                 <td class="center">
-                    <span :class="{ wounded: general.injury > 0 }">{{
-                        general.injury > 0 ? injuredStat(general.intelligence, general.injury) : general.intelligence
-                    }}</span>
+                    <GeneralDirectoryStat
+                        label="지력"
+                        :value="general.intelligence"
+                        :injury="general.injury"
+                        :test-id="`injury-intelligence-${general.id}`"
+                    />
                 </td>
                 <td class="center">{{ general.killturn }}</td>
                 <td class="center">{{ general.refreshScoreTotal }}<br />【{{ general.refreshText }}】</td>
@@ -207,13 +248,33 @@ const injuredStat = (value: number, injury: number): number => Math.trunc((value
             </div>
             <div class="general-card-field">
                 <span class="field-label">성격</span>
-                <span :title="general.personality.info">{{ general.personality.name }}</span>
+                <DirectoryTooltip
+                    :title="`성격 · ${general.personality.name}`"
+                    :description="general.personality.info"
+                    :test-id="`card-personality-${general.id}`"
+                >
+                    {{ general.personality.name }}
+                </DirectoryTooltip>
             </div>
             <div class="general-card-field">
                 <span class="field-label">특기</span>
-                <span :title="`${general.specialDomestic.info} / ${general.specialWar.info}`"
-                    >{{ general.specialDomestic.name }} / {{ general.specialWar.name }}</span
-                >
+                <span>
+                    <DirectoryTooltip
+                        :title="`내정 특기 · ${general.specialDomestic.name}`"
+                        :description="general.specialDomestic.info"
+                        :test-id="`card-special-domestic-${general.id}`"
+                    >
+                        {{ general.specialDomestic.name }}
+                    </DirectoryTooltip>
+                    /
+                    <DirectoryTooltip
+                        :title="`전투 특기 · ${general.specialWar.name}`"
+                        :description="general.specialWar.info"
+                        :test-id="`card-special-war-${general.id}`"
+                    >
+                        {{ general.specialWar.name }}
+                    </DirectoryTooltip>
+                </span>
             </div>
             <div class="general-card-field">
                 <span class="field-label">레벨</span><span>Lv {{ general.experienceLevel }}</span>
@@ -233,26 +294,31 @@ const injuredStat = (value: number, injury: number): number => Math.trunc((value
             </div>
             <div class="general-card-field">
                 <span class="field-label">통솔</span>
-                <span>
-                    <span :class="{ wounded: general.injury > 0 }">{{
-                        general.injury > 0 ? injuredStat(general.leadership, general.injury) : general.leadership
-                    }}</span
-                    ><span v-if="general.leadershipBonus > 0" class="leadership-bonus"
-                        >+{{ general.leadershipBonus }}</span
-                    >
-                </span>
+                <GeneralDirectoryStat
+                    label="통솔"
+                    :value="general.leadership"
+                    :injury="general.injury"
+                    :bonus="general.leadershipBonus"
+                    :test-id="`card-injury-leadership-${general.id}`"
+                />
             </div>
             <div class="general-card-field">
                 <span class="field-label">무력</span>
-                <span :class="{ wounded: general.injury > 0 }">{{
-                    general.injury > 0 ? injuredStat(general.strength, general.injury) : general.strength
-                }}</span>
+                <GeneralDirectoryStat
+                    label="무력"
+                    :value="general.strength"
+                    :injury="general.injury"
+                    :test-id="`card-injury-strength-${general.id}`"
+                />
             </div>
             <div class="general-card-field">
                 <span class="field-label">지력</span>
-                <span :class="{ wounded: general.injury > 0 }">{{
-                    general.injury > 0 ? injuredStat(general.intelligence, general.injury) : general.intelligence
-                }}</span>
+                <GeneralDirectoryStat
+                    label="지력"
+                    :value="general.intelligence"
+                    :injury="general.injury"
+                    :test-id="`card-injury-intelligence-${general.id}`"
+                />
             </div>
             <div class="general-card-field penalty-field">
                 <span class="field-label">벌점</span>
@@ -298,12 +364,6 @@ const injuredStat = (value: number, injury: number): number => Math.trunc((value
 .center {
     text-align: center;
 }
-.wounded {
-    color: red;
-}
-.leadership-bonus {
-    color: cyan;
-}
 .loading-cell {
     height: 64px;
     text-align: center;
diff --git a/app/game-frontend/src/components/ui/RichTooltip.vue b/app/game-frontend/src/components/ui/RichTooltip.vue
index d8818f14..96edc160 100644
--- a/app/game-frontend/src/components/ui/RichTooltip.vue
+++ b/app/game-frontend/src/components/ui/RichTooltip.vue
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ watch(
     background: #101010;
     box-shadow: 0 3px 12px rgb(0 0 0 / 65%);
     color: #f5f5f5;
-    font-family: Pretendard, sans-serif;
+    font-family: var(--sammo-font-sans);
     font-size: 12.5px;
     line-height: 1.45;
     text-align: left;
diff --git a/app/game-frontend/src/utils/generalDirectorySort.ts b/app/game-frontend/src/utils/generalDirectorySort.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bcacbd5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/game-frontend/src/utils/generalDirectorySort.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+export type GeneralDirectorySortKey = 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15;
+export type GeneralDirectorySortDirection = 'ascending' | 'descending';
+
+export type GeneralDirectorySortCriterion = {
+    key: GeneralDirectorySortKey;
+    direction: GeneralDirectorySortDirection;
+};
+
+type TraitValue = { key: string };
+
+export type GeneralDirectorySortable = {
+    name: string;
+    nationId: number;
+    leadership: number;
+    strength: number;
+    intelligence: number;
+    experience: number;
+    dedication: number;
+    officerLevel: number;
+    killturn: number;
+    refreshScoreTotal: number;
+    personality: TraitValue;
+    specialDomestic: TraitValue;
+    specialWar: TraitValue;
+    age: number;
+    npcState: number;
+};
+
+const koreanNameCollator = new Intl.Collator('ko-KR', { numeric: true, sensitivity: 'base' });
+
+const compareString = (left: string, right: string): number => {
+    if (left === right) return 0;
+    return left < right ? -1 : 1;
+};
+
+const compareByKey = <T extends GeneralDirectorySortable>(left: T, right: T, key: GeneralDirectorySortKey): number => {
+    switch (key) {
+        case 0:
+            return koreanNameCollator.compare(left.name, right.name);
+        case 1:
+            return left.nationId - right.nationId;
+        case 2:
+            return left.leadership - right.leadership;
+        case 3:
+            return left.strength - right.strength;
+        case 4:
+            return left.intelligence - right.intelligence;
+        case 5:
+        case 10:
+            return left.experience - right.experience;
+        case 6:
+            return left.dedication - right.dedication;
+        case 7:
+            return left.officerLevel - right.officerLevel;
+        case 8:
+            return left.killturn - right.killturn;
+        case 9:
+            return left.refreshScoreTotal - right.refreshScoreTotal;
+        case 11:
+            return compareString(left.personality.key, right.personality.key);
+        case 12:
+            return compareString(left.specialDomestic.key, right.specialDomestic.key);
+        case 13:
+            return compareString(left.specialWar.key, right.specialWar.key);
+        case 14:
+            return left.age - right.age;
+        case 15:
+            return left.npcState - right.npcState;
+    }
+};
+
+export const advanceGeneralDirectorySort = (
+    current: readonly GeneralDirectorySortCriterion[],
+    key: GeneralDirectorySortKey
+): GeneralDirectorySortCriterion[] => {
+    const existing = current.find((criterion) => criterion.key === key);
+    const remaining = current.filter((criterion) => criterion.key !== key);
+
+    if (!existing) return [{ key, direction: 'descending' }, ...remaining];
+    if (existing.direction === 'descending') return [{ key, direction: 'ascending' }, ...remaining];
+    return remaining;
+};
+
+export const sortGeneralDirectory = <T extends GeneralDirectorySortable>(
+    source: readonly T[],
+    criteria: readonly GeneralDirectorySortCriterion[]
+): T[] => {
+    if (criteria.length === 0) return [...source];
+
+    return source
+        .map((general, originalIndex) => ({ general, originalIndex }))
+        .sort((left, right) => {
+            for (const criterion of criteria) {
+                const compared = compareByKey(left.general, right.general, criterion.key);
+                if (compared !== 0) return criterion.direction === 'ascending' ? compared : -compared;
+            }
+            return left.originalIndex - right.originalIndex;
+        })
+        .map(({ general }) => general);
+};
diff --git a/app/game-frontend/src/views/GeneralListView.vue b/app/game-frontend/src/views/GeneralListView.vue
index 9ba1e5fc..2e24f344 100644
--- a/app/game-frontend/src/views/GeneralListView.vue
+++ b/app/game-frontend/src/views/GeneralListView.vue
@@ -1,15 +1,21 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
-import { onMounted, ref } from 'vue';
+import { computed, onMounted, ref } from 'vue';
 import { useRouter } from 'vue-router';
 
 import GeneralDirectoryTable from '../components/directory/GeneralDirectoryTable.vue';
 import LegacySortControls from '../components/ui/LegacySortControls.vue';
+import { useGameFeedback } from '../composables/useGameFeedback';
 import type { GeneralDirectoryGeneral } from '../types/directory';
+import {
+    advanceGeneralDirectorySort,
+    sortGeneralDirectory,
+    type GeneralDirectorySortCriterion,
+    type GeneralDirectorySortKey,
+} from '../utils/generalDirectorySort';
 import { trpc } from '../utils/trpc';
 
-type SortKey = 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15;
-
-const sortOptions: Array<{ value: SortKey; label: string }> = [
+const sortOptions: Array<{ value: GeneralDirectorySortKey; label: string }> = [
+    { value: 0, label: '이름' },
     { value: 1, label: '국가' },
     { value: 2, label: '통솔' },
     { value: 3, label: '무력' },
@@ -27,18 +33,26 @@ const sortOptions: Array<{ value: SortKey; label: string }> = [
     { value: 15, label: 'NPC' },
 ];
 
-const sort = ref<SortKey>(9);
-const generals = ref<GeneralDirectoryGeneral[]>([]);
+const selectedSort = ref<GeneralDirectorySortKey>(9);
+const sourceGenerals = ref<GeneralDirectoryGeneral[]>([]);
+const sortCriteria = ref<GeneralDirectorySortCriterion[]>([]);
 const loading = ref(false);
 const error = ref('');
 const router = useRouter();
+const { info: showInfoToast } = useGameFeedback();
+
+const generals = computed(() => sortGeneralDirectory(sourceGenerals.value, sortCriteria.value));
 
 const loadDirectory = async () => {
+    if (loading.value) {
+        showInfoToast('이미 장수 일람을 갱신하고 있습니다.');
+        return;
+    }
     loading.value = true;
     error.value = '';
     try {
-        const result = await trpc.world.getGeneralDirectory.query({ sort: sort.value });
-        generals.value = result.generals;
+        const result = await trpc.world.getGeneralDirectory.query({ sort: 9 });
+        sourceGenerals.value = Array.isArray(result.generals) ? result.generals : [];
     } catch (cause) {
         error.value = cause instanceof Error ? cause.message : '장수일람을 불러오지 못했습니다.';
     } finally {
@@ -47,12 +61,12 @@ const loadDirectory = async () => {
 };
 
 const updateSort = (value: number): void => {
-    sort.value = value as SortKey;
+    selectedSort.value = value as GeneralDirectorySortKey;
 };
 
 const sortByHeader = (value: number): void => {
     updateSort(value);
-    void loadDirectory();
+    sortCriteria.value = advanceGeneralDirectorySort(sortCriteria.value, selectedSort.value);
 };
 
 onMounted(() => {
@@ -66,8 +80,15 @@ onMounted(() => {
             <tbody>
                 <tr>
                     <td>
-                        장 수 일 람<br /><button class="legacy-button" type="button" @click="router.push('/')">
-                            창 닫기
+                        장 수 일 람<br />
+                        <button class="legacy-button" type="button" @click="router.push('/')">창 닫기</button>
+                        <button
+                            class="legacy-button"
+                            type="button"
+                            :aria-busy="loading || undefined"
+                            @click="loadDirectory"
+                        >
+                            갱 신
                         </button>
                     </td>
                 </tr>
@@ -75,11 +96,11 @@ onMounted(() => {
                     <td>
                         <LegacySortControls
                             control-id="viewType"
-                            :model-value="sort"
+                            :model-value="selectedSort"
                             :options="sortOptions"
                             :busy="loading"
                             @update:model-value="updateSort"
-                            @submit="loadDirectory"
+                            @submit="sortByHeader(selectedSort)"
                         />
                     </td>
                 </tr>
@@ -87,7 +108,12 @@ onMounted(() => {
         </table>
 
         <p v-if="error" class="directory-error" role="alert">{{ error }}</p>
-        <GeneralDirectoryTable :generals="generals" :loading="loading" :active-sort="sort" @sort="sortByHeader" />
+        <GeneralDirectoryTable
+            :generals="generals"
+            :loading="loading"
+            :sort-criteria="sortCriteria"
+            @sort="sortByHeader"
+        />
 
         <table class="directory-table title-table legacy-bg0">
             <tbody>
diff --git a/app/game-frontend/test/generalDirectorySort.test.ts b/app/game-frontend/test/generalDirectorySort.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5e6505a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/game-frontend/test/generalDirectorySort.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { describe, it } from 'node:test';
+
+import {
+    advanceGeneralDirectorySort,
+    sortGeneralDirectory,
+    type GeneralDirectorySortable,
+} from '../src/utils/generalDirectorySort.ts';
+
+type Row = GeneralDirectorySortable & { id: number };
+
+const row = (id: number, name: string, leadership: number, strength: number): Row => ({
+    id,
+    name,
+    nationId: id,
+    leadership,
+    strength,
+    intelligence: 0,
+    experience: 0,
+    dedication: 0,
+    officerLevel: 0,
+    killturn: 0,
+    refreshScoreTotal: 0,
+    personality: { key: '' },
+    specialDomestic: { key: '' },
+    specialWar: { key: '' },
+    age: 0,
+    npcState: 0,
+});
+
+void describe('general directory client sorting', () => {
+    void it('cycles each column through descending, ascending, and reset', () => {
+        const descending = advanceGeneralDirectorySort([], 2);
+        assert.deepEqual(descending, [{ key: 2, direction: 'descending' }]);
+        const ascending = advanceGeneralDirectorySort(descending, 2);
+        assert.deepEqual(ascending, [{ key: 2, direction: 'ascending' }]);
+        assert.deepEqual(advanceGeneralDirectorySort(ascending, 2), []);
+    });
+
+    void it('keeps the previous descending key as a tie-breaker for a later ascending key', () => {
+        const source = [row(1, '갑', 70, 20), row(2, '을', 90, 20), row(3, '병', 80, 10)];
+        const leadership = advanceGeneralDirectorySort([], 2);
+        const strengthDescending = advanceGeneralDirectorySort(leadership, 3);
+        const strengthAscending = advanceGeneralDirectorySort(strengthDescending, 3);
+
+        assert.deepEqual(
+            sortGeneralDirectory(source, strengthAscending).map(({ id }) => id),
+            [3, 2, 1]
+        );
+    });
+
+    void it('removes only the reset column and restores the older stable ordering', () => {
+        const source = [row(1, '갑', 70, 20), row(2, '을', 90, 20), row(3, '병', 80, 10)];
+        const leadership = advanceGeneralDirectorySort([], 2);
+        const strengthDescending = advanceGeneralDirectorySort(leadership, 3);
+        const strengthAscending = advanceGeneralDirectorySort(strengthDescending, 3);
+        const resetStrength = advanceGeneralDirectorySort(strengthAscending, 3);
+
+        assert.deepEqual(resetStrength, leadership);
+        assert.deepEqual(
+            sortGeneralDirectory(source, resetStrength).map(({ id }) => id),
+            [2, 3, 1]
+        );
+    });
+
+    void it('sorts Korean names in both directions without mutating the source', () => {
+        const source = [row(1, '조조', 0, 0), row(2, '가후', 0, 0), row(3, '유비', 0, 0)];
+        const descending = advanceGeneralDirectorySort([], 0);
+        const ascending = advanceGeneralDirectorySort(descending, 0);
+
+        assert.deepEqual(
+            sortGeneralDirectory(source, descending).map(({ name }) => name),
+            ['조조', '유비', '가후']
+        );
+        assert.deepEqual(
+            sortGeneralDirectory(source, ascending).map(({ name }) => name),
+            ['가후', '유비', '조조']
+        );
+        assert.deepEqual(
+            source.map(({ id }) => id),
+            [1, 2, 3]
+        );
+    });
+});
diff --git a/docs/frontend-css-architecture.md b/docs/frontend-css-architecture.md
index 724cbe2f..ef33e083 100644
--- a/docs/frontend-css-architecture.md
+++ b/docs/frontend-css-architecture.md
@@ -31,9 +31,12 @@ The Ref-style directory pages share a second, deliberately compact control
 family through `LegacySortControls.vue`. Its `.legacy-sort-*` rules own the
 explicit dark select/option palette, the raised submit button, and the
 focus/active states for sortable table headers. A page supplies only the
-available legacy sort keys, their fixed directions, and placement. Columns
-without an unambiguous legacy sort key remain plain headers rather than
-inventing a new ordering contract.
+available sort keys and placement. NPC·암행부·세력도시는 Ref의 고정 방향을
+유지합니다. 장수 일람은 사용자 조작 계약에 따라 로드한 snapshot 위에서
+`내림차순 → 오름차순 → 해제`를 순환하고, 여러 열의 방향과 우선순위를 scoped
+SFC indicator로 표시합니다. 장수 일람의 성격·특기·부상 설명은 많은 행에서
+eager popup instance를 만들지 않는 `DirectoryTooltip.vue` scoped CSS가 소유하며,
+mobile에서는 viewport 가장자리 8px 안의 고정 설명판으로 전환합니다.
 
 ## Button composition