diff --git a/app/game-engine/src/turn/reservedTurnHandler.ts b/app/game-engine/src/turn/reservedTurnHandler.ts
index 270f0fdf..5a3d4438 100644
--- a/app/game-engine/src/turn/reservedTurnHandler.ts
+++ b/app/game-engine/src/turn/reservedTurnHandler.ts
@@ -1993,7 +1993,7 @@ export const createReservedTurnHandler = async (options: {
             let deleteGeneral = false;
             const deletedTroopIds = Array.from(commandDeletedTroopIds);
             const lifecycleSnapshot = cloneTurnGeneral(currentGeneral);
-            if (currentGeneral.meta.killturn <= 0 && typeof currentGeneral.deadYear === 'number') {
+            if (currentGeneral.meta.killturn <= 0) {
                 if (
                     currentGeneral.npcState === 1 &&
                     typeof currentGeneral.deadYear === 'number' &&
diff --git a/app/game-engine/test/generalTurnLifecycle.test.ts b/app/game-engine/test/generalTurnLifecycle.test.ts
index 05f6b330..ce7a1eb8 100644
--- a/app/game-engine/test/generalTurnLifecycle.test.ts
+++ b/app/game-engine/test/generalTurnLifecycle.test.ts
@@ -316,12 +316,13 @@ describe('legacy general turn lifecycle', () => {
         expect(harness.world.peekDirtyState().deletedGenerals).toContain(1);
     });
 
-    it('keeps compatibility fixtures without legacy lifespan metadata alive', async () => {
+    it('deletes an expired NPC even when its in-memory lifespan metadata is missing', async () => {
         const harness = await createTurnTestHarness({
             snapshot: makeSnapshot([
                 makeGeneral({
                     deadYear: undefined,
-                    npcState: 2,
+                    npcState: 4,
+                    name: 'ⓖ의병',
                     meta: { killturn: 1 },
                 }),
             ]),
@@ -332,9 +333,9 @@ describe('legacy general turn lifecycle', () => {
 
         await harness.runOneTick();
 
-        expect(harness.world.getGeneralById(1)).not.toBeNull();
-        expect(harness.world.getGeneralById(1)!.meta.killturn).toBe(0);
-        expect(harness.world.peekDirtyState().lifecycleEvents[0]?.outcome).toBe('active');
+        expect(harness.world.getGeneralById(1)).toBeNull();
+        expect(harness.world.peekDirtyState().deletedGenerals).toContain(1);
+        expect(harness.world.peekDirtyState().lifecycleEvents[0]?.outcome).toBe('deleted');
     });
 
     it('retires a player general and resets inherited stats and rank state', async () => {
diff --git a/packages/logic/src/actions/turn/nation/che_의병모집.ts b/packages/logic/src/actions/turn/nation/che_의병모집.ts
index 4228849c..c2ac20e2 100644
--- a/packages/logic/src/actions/turn/nation/che_의병모집.ts
+++ b/packages/logic/src/actions/turn/nation/che_의병모집.ts
@@ -452,6 +452,8 @@ export class ActionResolver<
                 }),
                 turnTime,
                 ...(turnTick === undefined ? {} : { turnTick }),
+                bornYear: birthYear,
+                deadYear: deathYear,
             };
             effects.push(createGeneralAddEffect(newGeneral));
         }
diff --git a/packages/logic/test/actions/turn/nationVolunteerRecruit.test.ts b/packages/logic/test/actions/turn/nationVolunteerRecruit.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..290612c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/logic/test/actions/turn/nationVolunteerRecruit.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+import { ConstantRNG, RandUtil } from '@sammo-ts/common';
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest';
+
+import type { General, Nation } from '../../../src/domain/entities.js';
+import {
+    ActionResolver,
+    type VolunteerRecruitEnvironment,
+    type VolunteerRecruitResolveContext,
+} from '../../../src/actions/turn/nation/che_의병모집.js';
+
+const general: General = {
+    id: 1,
+    name: '군주',
+    nationId: 1,
+    cityId: 3,
+    troopId: 0,
+    stats: { leadership: 70, strength: 70, intelligence: 70 },
+    experience: 1_000,
+    dedication: 1_000,
+    officerLevel: 12,
+    role: {
+        personality: null,
+        specialDomestic: null,
+        specialWar: null,
+        items: { horse: null, weapon: null, book: null, item: null },
+    },
+    injury: 0,
+    gold: 1_000,
+    rice: 1_000,
+    crew: 0,
+    crewTypeId: 0,
+    train: 0,
+    atmos: 0,
+    age: 30,
+    npcState: 0,
+    triggerState: { flags: {}, counters: {}, modifiers: {}, meta: {} },
+    meta: { killturn: 24 },
+};
+
+const nation: Nation = {
+    id: 1,
+    name: '테스트국',
+    color: '#000000',
+    capitalCityId: 3,
+    chiefGeneralId: 1,
+    gold: 10_000,
+    rice: 10_000,
+    power: 0,
+    level: 1,
+    typeCode: 'che_중립',
+    meta: { gennum: 1, strategic_cmd_limit: 0 },
+};
+
+const environment: VolunteerRecruitEnvironment = {
+    openingPartYear: 0,
+    initialNationGenLimit: 10,
+    defaultNpcGold: 1_000,
+    defaultNpcRice: 1_000,
+    defaultCrewTypeId: 0,
+    defaultSpecialDomestic: null,
+    defaultSpecialWar: null,
+    createCountBase: 1,
+    createCountDivisor: 8,
+    npcAge: 20,
+    npcDeathYears: 10,
+    randomGeneralFirstNames: ['장'],
+    randomGeneralMiddleNames: [''],
+    randomGeneralLastNames: ['수'],
+    availablePersonalities: ['che_안전'],
+};
+
+describe('nation volunteer recruitment lifespan', () => {
+    it('places the Ref birth and death years on the created general entity', () => {
+        const resolver = new ActionResolver([], environment);
+        const context = {
+            general: structuredClone(general),
+            nation: structuredClone(nation),
+            rng: new RandUtil(new ConstantRNG(0)),
+            addLog: () => undefined,
+            currentYear: 190,
+            currentMonth: 1,
+            startYear: 180,
+            averageNationGeneralCount: 0,
+            nationAverageStats: { leadership: 50, strength: 50, intelligence: 50 },
+            nationAverageExperience: 1_000,
+            nationAverageDedication: 1_000,
+            nationAverageDex: [100, 100, 100, 100, 100],
+            friendlyGenerals: [general],
+            createGeneralId: () => 2,
+            turnTermSeconds: 60,
+            turnTimeBase: new Date('0190-01-01T00:00:00.000Z'),
+            ticksPerSecond: 1,
+        } as VolunteerRecruitResolveContext;
+
+        const outcome = resolver.resolve(context, {});
+        const createdEffect = outcome.effects.find((effect) => effect.type === 'general:add');
+        expect(createdEffect?.type).toBe('general:add');
+        if (!createdEffect || createdEffect.type !== 'general:add') {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        const created = createdEffect.general as General & { bornYear?: number; deadYear?: number };
+        expect(created).toMatchObject({
+            name: 'ⓖ장수',
+            bornYear: 170,
+            deadYear: 200,
+            meta: {
+                birthYear: 170,
+                deathYear: 200,
+            },
+        });
+    });
+});